ABSTRACT
In this 6-week prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled and double-blind study, we investigated the effects of a natural herbal remedy based on a recipe from Tibet (Padma® 28), on microvascular endothelial function, heart rate variability and biomarkers of inflammation, clotting and coagulation in 80 coronary artery disease (CAD) patients (age 66 ± 8 years) on guideline-based medication for secondary prevention. We found no significant effects of Padma 28 and conclude that the addition of Padma 28 to guideline-based secondary prevention treatment of CAD did not lead to significant effects on important surrogate markers in elderly male CAD patients.
Subject(s)
Blood Coagulation/drug effects , Coronary Artery Disease/drug therapy , Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects , Heart Rate/drug effects , Inflammation Mediators/blood , Microcirculation/drug effects , Microvessels/drug effects , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Aged , Biomarkers/blood , Blood Coagulation Tests , Coronary Artery Disease/blood , Coronary Artery Disease/diagnosis , Coronary Artery Disease/physiopathology , Double-Blind Method , Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Microvessels/physiopathology , Middle Aged , Phytotherapy , Plants, Medicinal , Prospective Studies , Secondary Prevention , Switzerland , Time Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
It has been proposed that activation of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 2/3 (mGluR2/3) may induce both antipsychotic and anxiolytic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate further the effect of the mGluR2/3 agonist, LY354740 [(+)-2-aminobicyclo(3.1.0)hexane-2,6-dicarboxylate monohydrate] in animal models relevant to both psychotic and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. The elevated plus maze was used to select the doses for further experiments, LY354740 induced anxiolytic-like effects at doses of 3 and 10 mg/kg but not 1 mg/kg. At a dose of 10 mg/kg. LY354740 attenuated phencyclidine (PCP)-induced locomotor activity. Administered alone, it had no effect on horizontal activity, but at doses of 3 and 10 mg/kg, slightly decreased vertical activity (rearings). LY354740 (1-10 mg/kg intraperitoneally) affected neither prepulse inhibition in normal rats nor reversed the disruption of prepulse inhibition produced by PCP (2 mg/kg subcutaneously). Moreover, LY354740 (3-10 mg/kg) did not modify PCP-induced working memory deficits assessed in a spontaneous alternation task and had no effect on PCP-evoked amnesia in the passive avoidance test. LY354740 alone (3 and 10 mg/kg) induced working memory deficits, but had no effect on acquisition of passive avoidance. In conclusion, LY354740 was effective in models for anxiety and positive symptoms of schizophrenia but not in models for sensorimotor gating and cognitive impairment.