[Identification and expression of uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase(UGT) gene family from Dendrobium officinale].

Uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase(UGT) is a highly conserved protein in plants, which usually functions in secondary metabolic pathways. This study used the Hidden Markov Model(HMM) to screen out members of UGT gene family in the whole genome of Dendrobium officinale, and 44 UGT genes were identified. Bioinformatics was used to analyze the structure, phylogeny, and promoter region components of D. officinale genes. The results showed that UGT gene family could be divided into four subfamilies, and UGT gene structure was relatively conserved in each subfamily, with nine conserved domains. The upstream promoter region of UGT gene contained a variety of cis-acting elements related to plant hormones and environmental factors, indicating that UGT gene expression may be induced by plant hormones and external environmental factors. UGT gene expression in different tissues of D. officinale was compared, and UGT gene expression was found in all parts of D. officinale. It was speculated that UGT gene played an important role in many tissues of D. officinale. Through transcriptome analysis of D. officinale mycorrhizal symbiosis environment, low temperature stress, and phosphorus deficiency stress, this study found that only one gene was up-regulated in all three conditions. The results of this study can help understand the functions of UGT gene family in Orchidaceae plants and provide a basis for further study on the molecular regulation mechanism of polysaccharide metabolism pathway in D. officinale.

Low-temperature plasma modification, structural characterization and anti-diabetic activity of an apricot pectic polysaccharide.

To fully research the anti-diabetic activity of apricot polysaccharide, low temperature plasma (LTP) was used to modify apricot polysaccharide. The modified polysaccharide was isolated and purified using column chromatography. It was found that LTP modification can significantly improve the α-glucosidase glucosidase inhibition rate of apricot polysaccharides. The isolated fraction FAPP-2D with HG domain showed excellent anti-diabetic activity in insulin resistance model in L6 cell. We found that FAPP-2D increased the ADP/ATP ratio and inhibited PKA phosphorylation, activating the LKB1-AMPK pathway. Moreover, FAPP-2D activated AMPK-PGC1α pathway, which could stimulated mitochondrial production and regulate energy metabolism, promoting GLUT4 protein transport to achieve an anti-diabetic effect. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data showed that the LTP modification could increase the CH bond content while decreasing the C-O-C/C-O bond content, indicating that LTP destroyed the C-O-C/C-O bond, which enhanced the anti-diabetes activity of the modified apricot pectin polysaccharide. Our findings could pave the way for the molecular exploitation of apricot polysaccharides and the application of low-temperature plasma.

A Study on the Effectiveness of 650-nm Red-Light Feeding Instruments in the Control of Myopia.

INTRODUCTION: This study analyzed the effectiveness of 650-nm red-light feeding instruments in the control of myopia. METHODS: In this study, 164 school-aged participants diagnosed with myopia in the city of Shenzhen were enrolled in a red-light feeding instrument study. Of these, 41 were enrolled in the mild-to-moderate myopia group that received red-light feeding (RLMM group), 65 were enrolled in the mild-to-moderate myopia group that received single-vision spectacle treatment (SVSMM group), and 58 were included in the severe myopia group that received red-light feeding (RLS group). RESULTS: After the baseline values of the three groups were matched, the right eye data were used for statistical analysis. The average return visit time of each group was 60.42 days, and changes in the observation indexes before treatment and after follow-up treatment were compared. As the primary outcome, the axial length changes in the right eye of the SVSMM group (0.08 ± 0.40 mm), the RLMM group (-0.03 ± 0.11 mm), and the RLS group (-0.07 ± 0.11 mm) were compared and showed a statistical result of p < 0.001. CONCLUSION: The study results verified that red light had a noticeable effect on the control of myopia and that low-level red-light therapy played a vital role in the treatment of severe myopia.

Screening of traditional Chinese medicine-derived snail control drug targets based on network pharmacology / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To screen the targets of traditional Chinese medicine-derived potential plant molluscicides based on network pharmacology and explore the mechanisms of molluscicidal actions. Methods The traditional Chinese medicines with molluscicidal actions were screened based on retrospective literature reviews, and their molluscicidal efficiency was summarized. The active ingredients and potential targets of traditional Chinese medicines were captured from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform, Unified Protein Database and literature mining using network pharmacology. The drug-active ingredient-target network was created using the software Cytoscape 3.7.2, and the key targets were subjected to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis using the Metascape software. Results A total of 27 types of snail control drugs derived from traditional Chinese medicines were screened from publications and classified into 14 categories. Network pharmacology identified 190 active ingredients, and the active ingredients with a high degree in the drug-active ingredient-target network included quercetin, linoleyl acetate, luteolin, beta-carotene, (24S)-ethylcholesta-5,22,25-trans-3beta-ol, fumarine and arctiin, with 181 corresponding potential targets screened. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that these targets were mainly located in 16 pathways, including the neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, regulation of adipocyte lipolysis and adrenergic signal in myocardial cells. Conclusions This study preliminarily demonstrates the multi-ingredient, multi-target and multi-pathway mechanisms of action of 27 molluscicides. The screened key ingredient may provide the basis for isolation, purification and pharmacological studies of molluscicides, and the screened key targets and key pathways may facilitate the illustration of mechanisms of actions of traditional Chinese medicine-derived molluscicides and development of novel green molluscicides.

Effects of isorhyncophylline on hippocampal metabolism using 1H NMR-based metabolomics combined with molecular docking analysis / 药学学报

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of isorhyncophylline on hippocampal endogenous metabolites in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) by 1H NMR metabolomics and molecular docking. Twelve SHR were randomly divided into a model group and a treatment group. Six Wistar-Kyoto rats were selected as a control group. The rats in the treatment group were administered isorhyncophylline (0.3 mg·kg-1) while the rats in the other two groups were treated with the same amount of sterilized saline solution. Animal experiment was authorized by the Ethics Committee of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No. SDUTCM20210721002). Hippocampal tissues were removed after administration for 8 weeks and assayed by 1H NMR based metabolomics technology combined with a pattern recognition method to find characteristic metabolites, and the metabolic targets were retrieved from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database. Molecular docking technology was used to evaluate binding of isorhyncophylline to the core targets. The results of a principal components analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed a clear cluster of samples among three groups. There were seven differentially altered metabolites, and glucose metabolism and glutamate metabolism were the principal related pathways. Molecular docking indicated that isorhyncophylline had good binding properties with nine key candidate target proteins. According to the above research results, isorhyncophylline can influence energy metabolism and glutamate metabolism in the hippocampus.

Melatonin rescues glucocorticoid-induced inhibition of osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells via the PI3K/AKT and BMP/Smad signalling pathways.

AIMS: High-dose glucocorticoid (GC) administration causes osteoporosis. Many previous studies from our group and other groups have shown that melatonin participates in the regulation of osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, especially low concentrations of melatonin, which enhance osteoblast osteogenesis. However, the role of melatonin in glucocorticoid-induced osteoblast differentiation remains unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An examination of the expression of osteoblast differentiation markers (ALP, OCN, COLL-1), as well as alkaline phosphatase staining and alkaline phosphatase enzymatic activity assay to measure osteoblast differentiation and quantifying Alizarin red S staining to measure mineralization, were performed to determine the effects of dexamethasone (Dex) and melatonin on the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. We used immunofluorescence staining to detect the expression of Runx2 in melatonin-treated MC3T3-E1 cells. The expression of mRNA was determined by qRT-PCR, and protein levels were measured by western blotting. KEY FINDINGS: In the present study, we found that 100 µM Dex significantly reduced osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in MC3T3-E1 cells and that 1 µM melatonin attenuated these inhibitory effects. We found that only inhibition of PI3K/AKT (MK2206) and BMP/Smad (LDN193189) signalling abolished melatonin-induced differentiation and mineralization. Meanwhile, MK2206 decreased the expression of P-AKT and P-Smad1/5/9 and LDN193189 decreased the expression of P-Smad1/5/9 but had no obvious effect on P-AKT expression in melatonin-treated and Dex-induced MC3T3-E1 cells. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings suggest that melatonin rescues Dex-induced inhibition of osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells via the PI3K/AKT and BMP/Smad signalling pathways and that PI3K/AKT signalling may be the upstream signal of BMP/Smad signalling.

Correlation between hemoglobin variability and serum albumin in maintenance hemodialysis patients / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To observe the relationship between hemoglobin variability and serum albumin in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients, and analyze the related factors.Methods:110 MHD patients who met the inclusion criteria in the hemodialysis center of Chancheng District Central Hospital of Foshan City were selected. The basic clinical data, biochemical indexes and hemoglobin variation related indexes were collected. The patients were divided into group 1 (normal albumin group ≥35 g/L) and groups 2 (low albumin group <35 g/L) according to serum albumin level.Results:⑴ Compared with group 1 (normal albumin group), the body mass index (BMI), serum creatinine and transferrin saturation in group 2 (low albumin group) were significantly decreased [(20.78±3.45)kg/m 2 vs (22.87±3.91)kg/m 2; (913.06±175.05)μmol/L vs (1 039.20±285.43)μmol/L; (24.83±14.36)% vs (30.39±10.38)%, P<0.05]. However, there was no significant difference in age, gender, dialysis age, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), ferritin, erythropoietin dosage, iron supplement way, vascular access, urea nitrogen, kt/V between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). ⑵ Compared with group 1, the group 2 had lower mean hemoglobin value, fewer times of reaching the standard, lower hemoglobin minimum value and larger hemoglobin coefficient of variation ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in hemoglobin standard deviation and maximum hemoglobin ( P>0.05). ⑶ Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum albumin was positively correlated with mean hemoglobin, times of reaching the standard and minimum hemoglobin ( r=0.401, 0.378, 0.200, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with coefficient of variation of hemoglobin ( r=-0.237, P=0.013). Conclusions:Maintenance hemodialysis patients with hypoalbuminemia have lower level of hemoglobin and greater coefficient of hemoglobin variability.Improving nutritional state maybe increase hemoglobin level and decrease coefficient of hemoglobin variability.

Discussion on the health management service mode of whole process based on big data / 中国医学装备

With the continuous improvement of living levels, people's demands for health services present a various and personalized characteristics, and more and more people choose to carry out routine inspection and treatment in health care institutions. At present, China's health service market mainly adopts the hospital as the main body and adopts the third party health operating organization as subsidiary role. The health management service mode of whole process innovatively achieved seamless joint between health information operation services and hospital information platform, and realized interconnection between data center of health information operation service organization and hospital information platform. Through analyzed big data to realize early warning and forecast for disease. And patients were used as clue of prime index to put case history, health, consumption, service, feedback and other information in series. And a whole dimensionality information base of patients were established. And the integrated health archive was used as carrier to provide information base for the interconnection between profession and service. It can not only provide convenient medical experience and extended medical service for patients, but also provide clinical reference and clinical research data for doctors. It is a application of new type whole course health management service mode.

Curative effects of Ningmitai capsules on the residual fragments and postoperative complications following lithotripsy treatment of upper urinary calculi / 中华外科杂志

Objective@#To observe the clinical efficacy of Ningmitai capsules, a traditional Chinese medicine using for clearing heat and dampness, in the treatment of residual fragments and postoperative complications following lithotripsy for upper urinary stones.@*Methods@#During October 2016 and March 2018, patients from Wuhan 1st Hospital, Wuhan 2nd Hospital, Wuhan 3rd Hospital, and Wuhan Puai Hospital having upper urinary residual fragments following minimally-invasive stone treatment were randomly assigned to control group and Ningmitai group with a proportion of 1∶3. The patients in control group were treated with antibiotics or sodium diclofenac suppository on demand, while patients in Ningmitai group took additional Ningmitai capsule orally (4 capsules per time, 3 times per day). The observation was started when a patient was enrolled in this study and continued for a maximum of 12 weeks or until stone-free status. During the observation, the stone expulsion time, stone-free time, stone-free rate were observed, and the difference in curative effect between the two groups on postoperative complications such as pain and infection were compared. Statistical analysis was done using t-test or χ2 test by GraphPad Prism 5 software.@*Results@#Totally 269 cases enrolled in this study. Eighty-six patients were from Wuhan 1st Hospital, 69 patients from Wuhan 2nd Hospital, 58 patients from Wuhan 3rd Hospital, 56 patients from Wuhan Puai Hospital, respectively. There were 66 cases in control group and 203 cases in Ningmitai group. The residual fragments expulsion time in Ningmitai group was significantly earlier than that in control group ((4.5±0.4) days vs. (7.5±1.3) days, t=2.877, P=0.004), the residual fragments clearance time in Ningmitai group was significantly shorter than that in control group ((13.6±1.0) days vs.(25.6±3.8) days, t=4.252, P=0.000), and the stone-free rate within 4 weeks post operation in Ningmitai group was significantly higher than control group (91.6% vs. 68.2%, χ2=22.57, P=0.000). After 12 weeks of treatment, the total effective rate of control group was 89.4%, and the total effective rate of Ningmitai group was 99.5%, with statistically significant difference (χ2=17.65, P=0.000). The proportion of caregivers that offered analgesia in Ningmitai group was significantly lower than that in control group (16.3% vs. 30.3%, χ2=6.212, P=0.013), the recovery rate of routine urinalysis following 4 weeks′ treatment was significantly higher in Ningmitai group than that in control group (88.2% vs.71.2%, χ2=10.67, P=0.001). No obvious adverse effects were observed in both groups.@*Conclusions@#Ningmitai capsule can facilitate the stone passage and increase the stone-free rate in the treatment of residual fragments and postoperative complications of upper urinary stones. It is also helpful for the prevention and treatment of postoperative pain, infection and other complications.

[Breeding of new Curcuma wenyujin variety "Wenyujin No. 1"].

In order to breed and spread a new cultivar of Curcuma wenyujin, the C. wenyujin germplasm resources were investigated in authentic regions. Better varieties were chosen by comparing the yield, economic characters and quality differences between different cultivars. The results showed that the character of new selected cultivar was stable, the yield of zedoary, turmeric and curcuma was reached 313.7, 177.9, 91.2 kg per 667 m2, respectively, it increased 11.6%, 10.2%, 14.2% comparing with farmer varieties. The volatile oil contents in zedoary and turmeric was 4.0%, 3.0%, respectively. The target ingredients (germacrone) content was stable. It is demonstrated that the new cultivar "Wenyujin No. 1" has value for extension at authentic regions.

Clinical application of entire gastrointestinal barium meal combined with multi-temporal abdominal films in patients with intestinal neuronal dysplasia type B.

OBJECTIVE: To report and evaluate the application of entire gastrointestinal barium meal combined with multi-temporal abdominal films in the diagnosis of patients with intestinal neuronal dysplasia type B (IND type B). METHODS: Thirty-six patients with symptoms of long-standing constipation were enrolled in this study. The study took place at the Department of General Surgery, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Hubei Province, China from July 2007 to October 2012. All of them had already been subjected to the tests of barium enema and anorectal manometry and were suspected to be IND type B, but were not confirmed by mucous membrane acetylcholinesterase determination. All underwent the entire gastrointestinal barium meal combined with multi-temporal abdominal films. The data was collected and then analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: After entire gastrointestinal barium meal combined with multi-temporal abdominal films, 30 out of 36 cases in this group were diagnosed with intestinal neuronal diseases, and then were treated with appropriate surgical treatment. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was IND type B. The other 6 patients in this group still could not be diagnosed explicitly after the test; thus, we treated them with conservative treatment. CONCLUSION: Entire gastrointestinal barium meal combined with multi-temporal abdominal films has the advantage of being able to test the gastrointestinal transfer capabilities and to find physiological and pathological changes simultaneously. It could provide important proof for the diagnosis of patients with intestinal neuronal dysplasia type B.

Qilin pills combined with levofloxacin for asthenospermia accompanied with accessory sex gland infection: a clinical observation / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the efficacy of the combination of Qilin Pills and levofloxacin in the treatment of asthenospermia accompanied with accessory sex gland infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We randomly assigned 80 asthenospermia patients with accessory sex gland infection to groups 1 and 2 of equal number, the former treated with Qilin Pills + levofloxacin, and the latter with levofloxacin only. Qilin Pills were administered at the dose of 6 g tid for 30 days, and levofloxacin at the dose of 0.5 g qd for 20 days. We obtained semen parameters, including the percentage of progressively motile sperm and peroxidase-positive white blood cell (WBC) count, before and after medication, and compared the clinical effects between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients accomplished the clinical trial. The therapeutic effectiveness rates in improving progressive sperm motility were 60% in group 1 and 17.5% in group 2, with statistically significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). As for the peroxidase-positive WBC count in semen, the effectiveness rates were 87.5% and 82.5%, respectively, with no significant differences between the two groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>For the treatment of asthenospermia accompanied with accessory sex gland infection, Qilin Pills combined with levofloxacin is evidently better than levofloxacin alone in improving sperm motility, and it has no obvious adverse effects.</p>

The theory of homogeny of liver and kidney in the treatment of kidney and liver fibrosis / 中国结合医学杂志

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic liver disease are both very harmful to human health almost all over the world, which lead to the fibrosis of the two organs ultimately. Currently, there are few satisfactory therapeutic methods in treating the two diseases. Some research works from Chinese medicine and Western medicine were done in the area recently, the results showed that kidney and liver fibrosis shared similar biological signals and events such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and transforming growth factor β 1, the same herbal mesenchymal medicine exhibited significantly improving effects on both liver fibrosis and kidney fibrosis by involving similar mechanism. This coincides with the theory of homogeny of Liver (Gan) and Kidney (Shen) of Chinese medicine. It would provides new clues in exploring the treatment of liver fibrosis and kidney fibrosis.

Effect of dietary fatty acids on serum parameters, fatty acid compositions, and liver histology in Shaoxing laying ducks.

The effects of different fatty acid (FA) contents in diet on serum parameters, FA compositions of eggs and meat, and liver morphological changes were studied in Shaoxing laying ducks. A total of 264 ducks at 17 weeks were fed a control diet or a diet containing 30 g/kg fish oil (FO), 25 g/kg sunflower oil (SO), or 30 g/kg palm oil with 20 g/kg beef tallow (PBO). Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the liver and the serum of ducks fed the PBO diet was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of ducks fed the other diets. Triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels were significantly lower (P<0.05) in ducks fed the FO diet. Serum TC also was lower in ducks fed the SO diet. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was also affected by diets. The contents of polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) in eggs and meat were significantly higher (P<0.001) in ducks fed the FO and SO diets than in ducks fed the control diet. The level of C22:6 (n-3) FA in ducks fed the FO diet was significantly higher than that in ducks fed the other diets. However, the conversion efficiency of the longer-chain C20:5 (n-3) FA was higher than that of C22:6 (n-3). Ducks fed the PBO diet exhibited lipid droplet accumulation in the liver. These results demonstrate that a diet enriched with different FAs has strong effects on serum lipid levels and the deposition of PUFAs into tissue lipids.

[Study on geo-herbalism of Curcuma wenyujin based on ecological factors].

OBJECTIVE: To reveal the effects of ecological factors on geo-herbalism,by researching the correlation between yields or qualities of Curcuma wenyujin and ecological factors. METHODS: All measured dates were divided into three components, meteorological factors, soil conditions, the yields and qualities of geo-herbals, and analyzed through canonical correlation using SPSS software. RESULTS: The results showed that there were two canonical correlation models to explain correlation between meteorological factors and yields or qualities of medicinal materials, as well as soil conditions and yields or qualities, and both of canonical correlations reached the significant or extremely significant level. The analysis indicated that main ecological factors affecting the yields or qualities of medicinal materials were average temperature from May to June,the days of high temperature (over 35 degrees C) and average rainfall from August to October, annual average rainfall, altitude, available potassium content in soil. CONCLUSIONS: This study has tentatively made clear which ecological factors to affect the yields and qualities of Curcuma wenyujin; and provided some basis for revealing geo-herbalism of Curcuma wenyujin.

[Analysis on adaptive area of Curcuma wenyujin based on GIS].

OBJECTIVE: This stdudy was to determine the suitable area for Curcuma wenyujin in Wenzhou, and expand its growing region, based the growth characteristic of Curcuma wenyujin. METHODS: The 13 main factors including climate, soil and other environmental conditions were selected. The best genuine production area was regarded as the goal area in similar calculation. The grid data was calculated from the station and sampling sites by Inverse Distance Interpolation on GIS. After normolizing to the grid data, the dimension effect was removed. on this basis, calculating the absolute distance of every cell to the the goal cell. Wenzhou region was divided into best suitable area, suitable area, second suitable area and unsuitable area by clustering analyzing. RESULT: Most of area in Wenzhou are suit for Curcuma wenyujin, best suitable area, suitable area, second suitable area and unsuitable area reach 98% area of Wenzhou. CONCLUSION: This result give important reference value of Curcuma wenyujin breeding in Wenzhou.

[Study on genetic diversity of Curcuma wenyujin from various habitats by SRAP].

OBJECTIVE: The DNA fingerprints of Curcuma wenyujin from various habitats were generated by using SRAP markers to find the feasibility in analyzing their relationship. METHODS: The DNA polymorphism of Curcuma wenyujin from various habitats were detected by SRAP molecular markers. RESULTS: We had screened five pairs of primer combinations, and built the DNA fingerprints of Curcuma wenyujin from various habitats. The phylogenetic clustering results revealed that the genetic difference in Curcuma wenyujin from various habitats were little. CONCLUSION: SRAP markers may offer some evidence for protecting and exploiting of Curcuma wenyuji.

Chemical constituents from aerial part of Curcuma wenyujin.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the chemical constituents from aerial part of Curcuma wenyujin. METHOD: Compounds were isolated by repeated column chromatography on silica gel. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis and comparison with literature data. RESULT: Six compounds were isolated and identified as codonolactone (1), voleneol (2), octacosanoic acid (3), beta-sitosterol (4), mangdesisterol (5), and daucosterol (6). CONCLUSION: Compounds 1, 2, and 5 were isolated from the plant for the first time.

[Study on effects of seed stock, cultivating density on the yields and volatile oil of Curcuma wenyujin].

OBJECTIVE: According to the study on effects of cultivating density and seed stock on the yield and volatile oil, to provide a scientific basis for standardized cultivating measures. METHODS: The yield and the content of volatile oil at harvest were counted and analyzed the variance by SPSS. RESULTS: The effect of cultivating density on the yields from 3 different medicinal parts of medical material was significant. The effect of seed stock on the yield of Rhizoma wenyujin concisa and Rhizoma wenyujin curcumae was significant, but to the yield of Radix wenyujin curcumae was very little. The mutual effect between cultivating density and seed stock was also very little. CONCLUSION: The cultivating density play an important role in the yields of Curcuma wenyujin.

[Study on growth characteristics of Curcuma wenyujin].

OBJECTIVE: To study on growth characteristics of Curcuma wenyujin, and provide theoretical basis for the development of high-quality and high-yield medical material. METHOD: The morphological change of the plant was observed periodically, the content of volatile oil and dry matter in leaves, rhizome, root tuber was determine. RESULT: The growth of C. wenyujin could be divided into 5 stages, i. e. seed germination, seedling, leaf growth, rhizome expansion, accumulation of dry matter, respectively. Before the stage of rhizome expansion, over 70% dry matter was accumulated in the aerial part of the plant, and during the stage of leaf growth, the maximum increase rate of dry matter in aerial part was 3.90 g/p/d. During the stage of rhizome expansion, the ratio of dry matter of rhizome increased quickly and reached above 33% , and the increase rate of dry matter of rhizome rise up to 3.83 g/p/d, in the end of the stage, the content of volatile oil in the rhizome also rose up to 1.20 mL x 100 g(-1). CONCLUSION: During the whole growth stage, there are two growth centers, when the two curves of dry matter increase of aerial part and rhizome intersect, it is regarded as a signal that the growth transformed form the aerial part to rhizome. When the rate of dry matter from rhizome rise, the content of volatile oil in rhizome rises quickly with the increase of dry matter in rhizome. The optimal harvest time is in mid-December.