Regulation of Immune Balance by Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treatment of Cough Variant Asthma： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Cough variant asthma （CVA） is a chronic respiratory disease with cough as its main symptom. The occurrence of CVA is closely related to non-specific airway inflammation， and its pathogenesis involves environmental， genetic， immune， and other factors. In recent years， the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in the treatment of CVA have attracted the attention of experts and scholars in China and abroad， especially its prominent role in regulating immune balance， relieving cough symptoms in CVA patients， and reducing recurrence. T Helper cells 1 （Th1）， T helper cells 2 （Th2）， T helper cells 17 （Th17）， and regulatory T cells （Treg） are derived from CD4+ T cells. Immune imbalance of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg is a new hotspot in the pathogenesis of CVA and a potential key target in the treatment of CVA by TCM. Th cell subsets are in dynamic balance under physiological conditions， maintaining respiratory immune homeostasis in which pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines are balanced. Immature helper T cells （Th0） can be differentiated into Th1， Th2， Th17， Treg， and other cell subsets due to cytokine types in the microenvironment in the stage of CVA maturation. The proliferation of Th2 cells leads to eosinophilic airway inflammation. Excessive differentiation of Th17 cells induces neutrophil airway inflammation. Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells are mutually restricted in number and function， and the immune imbalance of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg is easy to aggravate the generation of inflammatory response. Restoring immune balance is particularly important for the airway anti-inflammatory therapy of CVA. In this paper， the imbalance of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg and the pathogenesis of CVA were systematically expounded. Meanwhile， the latest research on the regulation of immune imbalance by TCM compound， single TCM， and its effective ingredients in the treatment of CVA was reviewed. It provides ideas and references for revealing the scientific connotation of TCM regulating immune balance therapy of CVA， as well as the development of clinical treatment and basic research of CVA.

Identification of ligustrazine-based analogs of piperlongumine as potential anti-ischemic stroke agents.

Piper longum has a specific aroma and spicy taste. In addition to edible value, current studies have shown that piper longum also has pharmacological activities such as anti-platelet aggregation, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, anti-diabetes and anti-depression. Piperlongumine is an alkaloid isolated from Piper longum. Based on our previous studies, four Piperlongumine analogs were synthesized, and their anti-platelet aggregation activities were evaluated. Among them, compound 8 has the strongest anti-platelet aggregation activity. Therefore, compound 8 was docked with stroke-related protein targets, and it was found that compound 8 had good binding affinity to MRTF-A complex and Bcl-2. Through animal experiments, it was found that compound 8 could significantly improve the pathological damage of brain tissue after ischemia and could increase the expression of MRTF-A and Bcl-2 in cerebral cortex in rats. These results suggest that compound 8 may have a good inhibitory effect on apoptosis and tissue structurel disorders induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, so as to reduce the injury caused by ischemic stroke.

Updated Interpretation of the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines (Version 3. 2023) for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

Lung cancer is the malignant tumor with the highest morbidity and mortality in China. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the main pathological subtype of lung cancer. On April 13, 2023, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) released the third edition of the 2023 NCCN Oncology Clinical Practice Guidelines: Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, which reflects the latest advances in international lung cancer research. This article will interpret the main updated contents of the new edition of the guidelines, and compare it with the third edition of the NCCN guidelines in 2022, so as to provide references about the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC for clinical medical personnel in China.
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Efficacy and Safety of Jianpi Jieyu Decoction for Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Depression of Xin (Heart)-Pi (Spleen) Deficiency Syndrome: A Multi-centre Randomized Controlled Study / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Jianpi Jieyu Decoction (JJD) for treating patients with mild-to-moderate depression of Xin (Heart)-Pi (Spleen) deficiency (XPD) syndrome.@*METHODS@#In this multi-center, randomized, controlled study, 140 patients with mild-to-moderate depression of XPD syndrome were included from Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Botou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2017 to December 2019. They were randomly divided into JJD group and paroxetine group by using a random number table, with 70 cases in each group. The patients in the JJD group were given JJD one dose per day (twice daily at morning and evening, 100 mL each time), and the patients in the paroxetine group were given paroxetine (10 mg/d in week 1; 20 mg/d in weeks 2-6), both orally administration for a total of 6 weeks. The primary outcome was the change of 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) score at week 6 from baseline. The secondary outcomes included the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) score, Traditional Chinese Medicine Symptom Scale (TCMSS), and Clinlcal Global Impression (CGI) scores at the 2nd, 4th, and 6th weekends of treatment, HAMD-17 response (defined as a reduction in score of >50%) and HAMD-17 remission (defined as a score of ⩽7) at the end of the 6th week of treatment. Adverse events (AEs) were also recorded.@*RESULTS@#From baseline to week 6, the HAMD-17 scores decreased 10.2 ± 4.0 and 9.1 ± 4.9 points in the JJD and paroxetine groups, respectively (P=0.689). The HAMD-17 response occurred in 60% of patients in the JJD group and in 50% of those in the paroxetine group (P=0.292); HAMD-17 remission occurred in 45.7% and 30% of patients, respectively (P=0.128). The differences of CGI scores at the 6th week were not statistically significant (P>0.05). There were significant differences in HAMD-17 scores between the two groups at 2nd and 4th week (P=0.001 and P=0.014). The HAMA scores declined 8.1 ± 3.0 and 6.9 ± 4.3 points from baseline to week 6 in the JJD and paroxetine groups, respectively (P=0.905 between groups). At 4th week of treatment, there was a significant difference in HAMA between the two groups (P=0.037). TCMSS decreased 11.4 ± 5.1, and 10.1 ± 6.8 points in the JJD and paroxetine groups, respectively (P=0.080 between groups). At the 6th week, the incidence of AEs in the JJD group was significantly lower than that in the paroxetine group (7.14% vs. 22.86%, P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Compared with paroxetine, JJD was associated with a significantly lower incidence of AEs in patients with mild-to-moderate depression of XPD syndrome, with no difference in efficacy at 6 weeks. (Trial registration No. ChiCTR2000040922).

Research on Syndrome and Treatment Rules of Famous Doctors in Treating Ulcerative Colitis Based on Data Mining / 中医杂志

ObjectiveTo systematically review the clinical experience of four sessions of Masters of Traditional Chinese Medicine and two sessions of National Famous Chinese Medicine Practitioners in treating ulcerative colitis （UC）. Data mining and analysis were conducted to clarify the diagnosis and treatment ideas and characteristics of prescription used by these famous doctors in treating UC. MethodsRelevant literature on the treatment of UC by renowned doctors was retrieved from the establishment of the database until March 31， 2023. The literature was collected from databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform， Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals Database， and China Biomedical Literature Database. The data mining techniques including frequency analysis， association rules， and cluster analysis were conducted using the Ancient and Modern Medical Case Cloud Platform V2.3.5. ResultsA total of 157 literatures were included in this study， including 115 clinical case data. The study found that UC can be categorized into 14 types of syndrome patterns for treatment， including large intestine dampness-heat syndrome （75，65.22%）， syndrome of dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency （23， 20.00%）， spleen-kidney yang deficiency syndrome （21， 18.26%）. The main affected organs were the spleen （85， 73.91%） and large intestine （75， 65.22%）， and they were closely related to liver （24， 20.87%） and the kidney （21， 18.26%）. The predominant pathogenic factors were dampness （83， 72.17%） ， heat （80， 69.57%） and qi deficiency （65， 56.52%）. The treatment involved 30 kinds of treatment methods， including heat-clearing and dampness-draining method （75， 65.22%）， pleen-tonifying and qi-boosting method （25，21.74%） and spleen-invigorating and dampness-transforming method （23， 20.00%）. The medication involved 187 ingredients， with the most commonly used being heat-clearing herbs （37， 19.79%） and tonifying herbs （27， 14.44%）. The tastes of the herbs were mostly sweet （85， 45.45%） ， bitter （80， 42.78%） ， and pungent （71， 37.97%）. The association rules revealed 16 high-frequency combinations mainly composed of Huanglian （黄连）， Baishao （白芍） and Gancao （甘草） along with Baizhu （白术）， Fuling （茯苓）， Muxiang （木香） and Danggui （当归）. ConclusionFamous doctors are skilled in diagnosing and treating UC based on the differentiation of the zang-fu organs and qi-blood. The key pathological mechanism is “spleen deficiency as the root， and large intestine damp-heat as the manifestation”. The core treatment approach is “heat-clearing， spleen-tonifying， and dampness-draining”， with the inclusion of “regulating qi and blood， and balancing cold and heat”.

Standardized Jin's three-needle therapy for stroke: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of standardized Jin's three-needle therapy on limb motor function and nerve function defect in stroke patients, and to evaluate the placebo control method.@*METHODS@#A total of 66 patients with stroke were randomly divided into a Jin's three-needle group (33 cases, 3 cases dropped off) and a placebo needle group (33 cases, 4 cases dropped off). All the patients were treated with conventional medication and rehabilitation treatment. In addition, the patients in the Jin's three-needle group were treated with standardized Jin's three-needle therapy at temporal three points, spirit four points, hand three points, foot three points, upper extremity spasm three points, lower extremity spasm three points, etc.; while the patients in the placebo needle group were treated with placebo needling at identical points. All the treatments were given once a day, 5 days a week, and 3-week treatment was given with an interval of 2 days between weeks. The scores of Fugl-Meyer assessment scale (FMA) and National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) were observed before treatment, 10 d and 21 d into treatment, and the blind evaluation was conducted after treatment.@*RESULTS@#On the 10 d and 21 d into treatment, the FMA scores in both groups were higher than those before treatment (P<0.01), and the NIHSS scores were lower than those before treatment (P<0.01). On the 10 d and 21 d into treatment, the FMA scores in the Jin's three-needle group were higher than those in the placebo needle group (P<0.05); on the 10 d into treatment, the NIHSS score in the Jin's three-needle group was were lower than that in the placebo needle group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups on judging the type of treatment (P>0.05), and the consistency with the real situation was poor (Cohen's kappa coefficient<0.20).@*CONCLUSION@#The standardized Jin's three-needle therapy could effectively improve the limb motor function and nerve function defect in stroke patients. The placebo control method used in this study shows good clinical operability and masking effect.

Inhalation of Cananga odorata essential oil relieves anxiety behaviors in autism-like rats via regulation of serotonin and dopamine metabolism / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE@#Anxiety is one of the most common symptoms associated with autistic spectrum disorder. The essential oil of Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. f. & Thomson, usually known as ylang-ylang oil (YYO), is often used in aromatherapy as a mood-regulating agent, sedative, or hypotensive agent. In the present study, the effects and mechanisms of YYO in alleviating anxiety, social and cognitive behaviors in autism-like rats were investigated.@*METHODS@#The prenatal valproic acid (VPA) model was used to induce autism-like behaviors in offspring rats. The effectiveness of prenatal sodium valproate treatment (600 mg/kg) on offspring was shown by postnatal growth observation, and negative geotaxis, olfactory discrimination and Morris water maze (MWM) tests. Then three treatment groups were formed with varying exposure to atomized YYO to explore the effects of YYO on the anxiety, social and cognitive behaviors of the autistic-like offspring through the elevated plus-maze test, three-chamber social test, and MWM test. Finally, the monoamine neurotransmitters, including serotonin, dopamine and their metabolites, in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the rats were measured using a high-performance liquid chromatography.@*RESULTS@#Offspring of VPA exposure rats showed autism-like behaviors. In the VPA offspring, medium-dose YYO exposure significantly elevated the time and entries into the open arms in the elevated plus-maze test, while low-dose YYO exposure significantly enhanced the social interaction time with the stranger rat in session 1 of the three-chamber social test. VPA offspring treated with YYO exposure used less time to reach the platform in the navigation test of the MWM test. YYO exposure significantly elevated the metabolism of serotonin and dopamine in the PFC of VPA offspring.@*CONCLUSION@#YYO exposure showed the effects in alleviating anxiety and improving cognitive and social abilities in the offspring of VPA exposure rats. The role of YYO was related to the regulation of the metabolism of serotonin and dopamine. Please cite this article as: Zhang N, Wang ST, Yao L. Inhalation of Cananga odorata essential oil relieves anxiety behaviors in autism-like rats via regulation of serotonin and dopamine metabolism. J Integr Med. 2023; 21(2): 205-214.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention in Membranous Nephropathy Based on Podocyte Injury： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Membranous nephropathy， an autoimmune kidney disease with glomerular podocyte injury as the core mechanism， is a common pathological type of adult nephrotic syndrome and has become the main cause of end-stage renal disease in China. Podocytes are terminally differentiated cells that play an important role in maintaining the structural and functional stability of glomeruli and are molecular barriers for protein filtration. Glomerular filtration membrane injury induced by podocyte injury is an important cause of massive proteinuria. Persistent or aggravated proteinuria may prolong the course of membranous nephropathy. It is believed that podocyte destruction in membranous nephropathy is mainly related to oxidative stress， autophagy dysregulation， abnormal expression of podocyte marker proteins， chronic inflammation， epithelial-mesenchymal cell transdifferentiation， and so on. At present， western medicine mostly uses immunosuppressants and hormones for treatment according to its pathological stage， but there are certain adverse reactions. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has made some achievements in the prevention and treatment of membranous nephropathy. In recent years， studies have found that many Chinese medicines can affect the occurrence and development of membranous nephropathy in different links by acting on multiple targets in the human body， with manifest advantages. This paper overviewed the podocyte injury mechanism in membranous nephropathy and summarized the treatment of membranous nephropathy with Chinese medicine monomers， compounds， and Chinese patent medicines in intervening related target pathways， aiming to provide a basis for the clinical treatment， basic research， and targeted drug development of TCM against membranous nephropathy.

Application of mixture analysis methods in association between metals mixture exposure and DNA oxidative damage / 中华预防医学杂志

Objectives: To study the association between metals mixture exposure and DNA oxidative damage using mixture analysis methods, and to explore the most significant exposure factors that cause DNA oxidative damage. Methods: Workers from steel enterprises were recruited in Shandong Province. Urinary metals were measured by using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method. The level of urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was determined by using the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), elastic net regression and quantile g-computation regression were used to analyze the association between urinary metals and urinary 8-OHdG. Results: A total of 768 subjects aged (36.15±7.40) years old were included in the study. BKMR, elastic net regression and quantile g-computation all revealed an overall positive association between the mixture concentration and increased urinary 8-OHdG. The quantile g-computation results showed that with a 25% increase in metal mixtures, the urinary 8-OHdG level increased by 77.60%. The elastic net regression showed that with a 25% increase in exposure risk score, the urinary 8-OHdG level increased by 26%. The BKMR summarized the contribution of individual exposures to the response, and selenium, zinc, and nickel were significant contributors to the urinary 8-OHdG elevation. Conclusion: Exposure to mixed metals causes elevated levels of DNA oxidative damage, and selenium, zinc, and nickel are significant exposure factors.

Professor ZHUANG Li-xing's experience of mind-regulation acupuncture for psychosomatic disorders / 中国针灸

Professor ZHUANG Li-xing's diagnosis and treatment method and manipulation key points of mind-regulation acupuncture for psychosomatic disorders are summarized. Professor ZHUANG proposes that psychosomatic disorders can be subdivided into "mind-body disorder" and "body-mind disorder". The former requires treatment aimed at regulating the mind. The main acupoints are Sishenzhen, Shenting (GV 24), Yintang (GV 24+), Shenmen (HT 7) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6). The additional acupoints are Suliao (GV 25), Shuigou (GV 26), Shenmai (BL 62), Zhaohai (KI 6), Hegu (LI 4) and Taichong (LR 3), etc. The latter requires treatment aimed at improving the original diseases, supplemented by regulating the mind (row acupuncture on the governor vessel). Acupoint selection is based on the theories of brain-mind, and the emphasis is placed on the governor vessel; in the meanwhile, regulating zangfu and qi-blood should be valued. After the arrival of qi, the Daoqi Tongjing method (the specific technique for directing qi and preserving essence) is applied, combined with auricular point sticking and fire needling at affected part to enhance the curative effect.

Difference in liver injury induced by dictamnine between males and females: based on untargeted metabolomics / 中国中药杂志

In recent years, reports of adverse reactions related to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) have been on the rise, especially some traditionally considered "non-toxic" TCM(such as Dictamni Cortex). This has aroused the concern of scholars. This study aims to explore the metabolomic mechanism underlying the difference in liver injury induced by dictamnine between males and females through the experiment on 4-week-old mice. The results showed that the serum biochemical indexes of liver function and organ coefficients were significantly increased by dictamnine(P<0.05), and hepatic alveolar steatosis was mainly observed in female mice. However, no histopathological changes were observed in the male mice. Furthermore, a total of 48 differential metabolites(such as tryptophan, corticosterone, and indole) related to the difference in liver injury between males and females were screened out by untargeted metabolomics and multivariate statistical analysis. According to the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve, 14 metabolites were highly correlated with the difference. Finally, pathway enrichment analysis indicated that disorders of metabolic pathways, such as tryptophan metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and ferroptosis(linoleic acid metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism), may be the potential mechanism of the difference. Liver injury induced by dictamnine is significantly different between males and females, which may be caused by the disorders of tryptophan metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and ferroptosis pathways.

Drug response biomarkers of Pien Tze Huang treatment for hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride.

OBJECTIVE: To explore biomarkers of Pien Tze Huang that ameliorated the symptoms of hepatic fibrosis. METHODS: Two groups of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis (HF) mice model were constructed in our study: one group received PZH treatment and another group received no treatment. We performed this study to investigate the role of PZH in the regulation process of hepatic fibrosis. RESULTS: We identified 31 down-regulated and 39 up-regulated miRNAs using small RNA-seq analysis. Combining RNA-Seq data analysis, our study revealed 7 significant target genes (Sp4, Slc2a6, Tln2, Hmga2, Ank3, Pax9, Fgf9). The results of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis suggested that the expression level of 6 genes (Sp4, Tln2, Hmga2, Ank3, Pax9, Fgf9) were down-regulated compared to control group. On the other hand, the expression level of Slc2a6 appeared to be up-regulated. The protein mass spectrometry showed that PZH group had lower protein expression of Tln2 compared to control group. CONCLUSION: We identified 7 genes that were significantly related to PZH response in HF mice using multiple conjoint analysis methods. These genes could participate in underlying regulation mechanism of hepatic fibrosis during PZH treatment.

Exploring Hypertension from "Collateral" and "Wind" of Jueyin / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Hypertension is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases， affecting the structures and functions of important organs of the body， such as the heart， brain， and kidney. At present， the prevalence of hypertension in China remains high. How to effectively curb the incidence of hypertension and reduce target organ damage in patients with hypertension is an urgent challenge that needs to be addressed. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， by virtue of its unique efficacies and advantages， is increasingly applied around the world. In TCM， "wind" is considered as a major constant factor in the development of hypertension. Some scholars believe that hypertension is located in collaterals， and the lesions of collaterals are also important reasons for the occurrence and development of hypertension. Collateral diseases and pathogenic wind are closely related to the development of hypertension as well as target organ damage in the heart， brain， and kidney. From the six-meridian syndrome differentiation for febrile diseases， "collateral" and "wind" are closely related to the Jueyin， with collateral diseases classified into Jueyin diseases and pathogenic wind beginning in the Jueyin. The occurrence， development， and persistence of hypertension are closely related to Jueyin diseases. The present study analyzed the pathogenesis and treatment of hypertension from "collateral" and "wind" of the Jueyin， and specifically discussed the relationship between hypertension and "collateral" and "wind" of the Jueyin. It is believed that the internal depression of wind and fire in the Jueyin results in the upward impulse of liver fire， and the deficiency of Jueyin can trigger the internal movement of liver wind and stirring wind due to collateral deficiency. External contraction in the Jueyin due to the induction of external wind is the important pathogenesis of the development of hypertension and the damage to target organs such as the heart， brain， and kidney. The therapeutic methods for both "collateral" and "wind" were also discussed based on the primary prescription for Jueyin， Wumei Pills. Six-meridian syndrome differentiation can guide the therapeutic principles for all diseases and inspire posterity. Exploring the pathogenesis and treatment of hypertension from “collateral" and "wind" of the Jueyin is of great significance in guiding the prevention and treatment of hypertension， reducing target organ damage in patients with hypertension， and improving the prognosis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Evaluation of interaction of chlorogenic acid and cefotaxime sodium based on sequential analysis / 药学学报

The joint application of traditional Chinese medicine injection containing chlorogenic acid (CA) and cefotaxime sodium (CS) is sometimes appeared in clinical practice, but the scientific basis of drug molecular compatibility is still weak. This study proposes a sequential analysis strategy based on isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), cold-spray ionization mass spectrometry (CSI-MS) and antibacterial activity test to evaluate the molecular interactions between CA and CS. The results of ITC experiments showed that the Gibbs free energy ΔG < 0 and it was driven by enthalpy change when CA titrated CS, suggesting CA could spontaneously chemically react with CS. Subsequently, the parent ions (m/z 808.143 5) of binding molecular of CA and CS was detected by CSI-MS, indicating CA could chemically bond with CS. Furtherly, the antibacterial experiments found the antibacterial ability of CS against Klebsiella pneumonia was significantly reduced (P < 0.01) by CA in mixed solution. Finally, molecular docking technology showed CA and CS have a common target of penicillin binding protein 3 (PBP3), suggesting that the phenomenon of CA reduced the antibacterial ability of CS may be related to the competitive binding of two components with PBP3. Our studies have shown that CA could spontaneously chemically bond to CS and reduced its antibacterial ability, providing scientific data for molecular interaction evaluation of CA and CS.

Effect of Tiaoshen Qianyang acupuncture on blood pressure and sleep quality in patients with stroke-related sleep disorders complicated with hypertension / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of Tiaoshen Qianyang acupuncture on morning blood pressure, sleep quality and post-stroke nerve function recovery in patients with stroke-related sleep disorders (SSD) complicated with hypertension.@*METHODS@#A total of 120 patients were randomized into an observation group (60 cases) and a control group (60 cases, 1 case dropped off). Both groups were treated with Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture (Neiguan [PC 6], Shuigou [GV 26], Sanyinjiao [SP 6], Jiquan [HT 1], Chize [LU 5] and Weizhong [BL 40]). In addition, Tiaoshen Qianyang acupuncture was applied in the observation group, deep needling at Baihui (GV 20) and Sishencong (EX-HN 1) for 5 h. Once a day, 5 times a week, 30 times in total. The morning blood pressure was measured during treatment in the two groups, the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) scores before and after treatment were observed in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the morning systolic blood pressure (SBP) after treatment were decreased in the two groups (P<0.05), and the morning diastolic blood pressure (DBP) after treatment was decreased in the observation group (P<0.05). The levels of SBP and DBP after treatment in the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05). Compared before treatment, the total score of PSQI and NIHSS score after treatment in the observation group were decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05), which were lower than the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05), the decreasing rate of NIHSS score in the observation group was higher than the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#On the basis of Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture, Tiaoshen Qianyang acupuncture could improve morning blood pressure and sleep quality for patients with SSD complicated with hypertension, promote the recovery of nerve function.

An auxiliary device for double-blind placebo acupuncture research / 中国针灸

This device is an auxiliary device with reasonable design for placebo acupuncture research, so as to make double-blind placebo acupuncture control possible. This new auxiliary acupuncture device includes an acupuncture device and a placebo acupuncture device with exactly the same appearance. Both of them are composed of a hemispherical base and a telescopic tube. Through the rotation of the telescopic tube in the notch of the base, the insertion angle of needles can be adjusted from 15 degrees to 165 degrees. The operation of twisting and lifting and inserting can be carried out through the horizontal rotation and vertical sliding of the telescopic tube. A silicone needle pad is arranged in the base, which can simulate the blocking feeling of skin and muscle during needle insertion. The bottom of the base is attached with hydrogel, which has good fixity. The auxiliary device is applicable to multiple parts of the human body and can effectively reduce the risk of unblinding.

Category of Chinese medicine registration:historical evolution,current status,and problems / 中国中药杂志

The development of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has always been highly valued and supported since 1949. However, Chinese medicine industry still faces great challenges in view of the current status of the industry and registration and approval of new products in recent years. Related policies also directly influence the development of the industry. The latest version of the Provisions for Drug Registration and Requirement on Registration Classification and Application Information of Traditional Chinese Medicines have been put into practice since 2020. Registration classification is the core content of the Chinese medicine registration management system, as it is closely related to the research, development, and registration of Chinese medicine and the innovative development of the industry. This article aims to systematically review the historical evolution of the category of Chinese medicine registration and analyze the current status and problems, which is expected to provide a reference for the formulation of supporting documents according to related laws and regulations.

Thoughts on path of R&D and registration of innovative traditional Chinese medicine with synchronous transformation of "series prescriptions" / 中国中药杂志

Since the implementation of drug registration in China, the classification of Chinese medicine has greatly met the needs of public health and effectively guided the transformation, inheritance, and innovation of research achievements on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). In the past 30 years, the development of new Chinese medicine has followed the registration transformation model of " one prescription for single drug". This model refers to the R&D and registration system of modern drugs, and approximates to the " law-abiding" medication method in TCM clinic, while it rarely reflects the sequential therapy of syndrome differentiation and comprehensive treatment with multiple measures. In 2017, Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Review and Approval System and Encouraging the Innovation of Drugs and Medical Devices released by the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council pointed out that it is necessary to " establish and improve the registration and technical evaluation system in line with the characteristics of Chinese medicine, and handle the relationship between the traditional advantages of Chinese medicine and the requirements of modern drug research". Therefore, based on the development law and characteristics of TCM, clinical thinking should be highlighted in the current technical requirements and registration system of research and development of Chinese medicine. Based on the current situation of registration supervision of Chinese medicine and the modern drug research in China, the present study analyzed limitations and deficiency of " one prescription for single drug" in the research and development of Chinese medicine. Additionally, a new type of " series prescriptions" was proposed, which was consistent with clinical thinking and clinical reality. This study is expected to contribute to the independent innovation and high-quality development of the TCM industry.

Simiao Wan attenuates monosodium urate crystal-induced arthritis in rats through contributing to macrophage M2 polarization.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Simiao Wan (SMW) is a classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription to empirically treat gouty arthritis (GA) in TCM clinical practice. However, the potential mechanisms of SMW on GA are not fully evaluated. AIM OF STUDY: The aim of this study is to investigate the role of macrophage polarization in the anti-GA activity of SMW. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rats were intragastricly treated with SMW for consecutive 7 days. On day 6, monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced arthritis (MIA) in the ankle joint was prepared. Paw volume, gait score and histological score were measured. Levels of interleukin (IL)-1ß and IL-10 in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), arginase (Arg)-1, phosphorylated (p)-p65, inhibitor of nuclear factor (NF)-κB (IκB)α, p-signal transducer and transcription activator (STAT)3 and p-Janus kinase (JAK)2 in synovial tissues were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: The elevated paw volume, gait score and histological score in MIA rats were significantly decreased by SMW treatment. Meanwhile, SMW significantly decreased the IL-1ß level and increased the IL-10 level in serum of MIA rats. Furthermore, SMW reduced the expressions of iNOS, p-p65 and enhanced the expressions of Arg-1, IκBα, p-STAT3 and p-JAK2 in synovial tissues of MIA rats. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that SMW attenuates the inflammation in MIA rats through promoting macrophage M2 polarization.

Effect of Danhong Injection on platelet metabolites based on metabonomics technology / 中国中药杂志

The effect of Danhong Injection on the endogenous metabolites of rabbit platelets was analyzed by the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry( LC-MS) based metabonomic approach. Anti-platelet aggregation was detected after Danhong Injection treatment and the changes of platelet metabolites were analyzed by metabonomics. Principal component analysis( PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis( PLS-DA) were performed to investigate the effect of Danhong Injection on endogenous metabolites of platelets,characterize the biomarkers,and explore the relevant pathways and the underlying mechanism. As demonstrated by the pharmacodynamic results,Danhong Injection of different doses and concentrations antagonized platelet aggregation in a dose-and concentration-dependent manner. In contrast to the control group,25 differential metabolites such as nicotinic acid,nicotinic acid riboside,and hypoxanthine were screened out after platelets were treated by Danhong Injection. These metabolites,serving as important biomarkers,were mainly enriched in the nicotinic acid-niacinamide metabolic pathway and purine metabolic pathway. This study explored the therapeutic mechanism of Danhong Injection from a microscopic perspective by metabonomics,which is expected to provide a new idea for the investigation of platelet-related mechanisms.