Brief analysis on the promotion of traditional Chinese medicine translation from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine English translators / 国际中医中药杂志

English translation competence for TCM, a specialized industry, was analyzed from the perspective of representative translators. The background information of some representative translators who had made great contribution to TCM translation were reviewed and concluded, based on which their common excellent translation quality and professional quality was summarized and then some enlightenment and suggestions on the promotion of TCM translation were given for future TCM translation practitioners.

Influence of gestational vitamin A deficiency on liver lipid synthesis in offspring of rats / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the influence of gestational vitamin A(VA) deficiency on lipid synthesis in offspring liver tissue by using the rat model of gestational vitamin A deficiency.Methods The rat model of gestational VA deficiency was established and divided into the normal AV,VA deficiency and VA deficiency and supplement (VAD) groups.The offspring blood lipid levels were detected.The mRNA expression changes of lipid synthesis molecule ACC1,FAS and SREBP1 in liver were detected;the lipid droplet deposition situation after HE staining in offspring liver tissue section was observed.Results The HDL-C level of the VAD group was significantly lower than that of the VA normal group(VAN group and VAS group,P＜0.05),and the difference between the VAN group and VAS group had no statistical difference(P＞0.05).The TG level had statistically significant difference among the three groups(P＜0.05).The ACC1,FAS and SREBP1 mRNA expression levels in the VAD group were significantly increased.The liver in the VAD group appeared more lipid droplet deposit with partial lipid droplet vacuoles in cytoplasm;while the liver cells in the VAS and VAN groups showed the regular arrangement without obvious lipid droplet deposit.Conclusion Gestational VA deficiency may induce the abnormal activation of liver lipid synthesis pathway in rat offspring and causes lipid metabolic disturbance.

Prowess in vitamin A deficiency / 国际儿科学杂志

Vitamin A deficiency is one of the world's three major micronutrient deficiency diseases,and xerophthalmia, night blindness are the only awareness of it in many clinicians'views.However,the advancements of the current study of its effect are far more than the traditional epithelial and ophthalmic parts.In fact,the progress in vitamin A closely associated to the clinic,especially the diarrhea,recurrent respiratory tract infections,anemia etc is more outstanding.Because there are many different factors in suffering from diverse diseases among people all over the world,it needs to consider more considerately and roundly when prevent,diagnose and treat those diseases correlated to vitamin A.Now the progress of this part is reviewed.

Recombinant adenovirus expressing siRNA is generated to inhibit the expression of RARbeta in rat mesenchymal stem cells treated by all-trans retinoic acid / 生物工程学报

To construct the recombinant adenovirus vector expressing specific siRNA for rat retinoic acid receptor-beta (RARbeta) gene, and to detect its effect on RARbeta expression and neuronal differentiation of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) treated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). First, we designed four pairs of siRNA sequence for rat RARbeta gene and annealed complementary oligonucleotides in vitro, then cloned double-stranded DNA in pSES-HUS vector containing U6/H1 double-promoter and recombinated with the backbone vector to construct pAd-siRARbeta plasmid. We infected MSCs by using adenovirus Ad-siRARbeta which was packaged in HEK293 cell line, then performed Real-time, Western blotting and immunoflourencence to detect the expression of RARbeta. We used combination of ATRA and MNM to induce MSCs into neural-like cells, then performed Real-time PCR and immunoflourencence to detect neuronal specific markers of induced neural cells. By using PCR, endonuclease cutting and gene sequencing, we confirmed that the target genes were correctly cloned in adenovirus vector. We could observe more than 60% RFP-positive MSCs at 24 h after adenovirus infection. The expression of RARbeta was significantly increased to 16.5 +/- 2.34 fold in ATRA treated MSCs (P < 0.05) and located in nucleus. Three of four pairs siRNA could effectively inhibit the expression of RARbeta with inhibition efficacy of (66.26 +/- 9.12)%, (48.70 +/- 5.78)%, (64.09 +/- 0.53)% (P < 0.05), especially siRNA-pool group with inhibition efficacy of (78.09 +/- 4.24)% (P < 0.01). Combination of ATRA and MNM induced MSCs into neural-like cells which expressed neuronal specific markers, Nestin, NSE, MAP-2, and Tau. Immunoflourencence result showed that about 50-88 present of cells were positive for Nestin, NSE, Tjul, however, adenovirus medicated expression of siRARbeta could effectively inhibit the expression level of neural specific proteins and the ratio of positive stained cells (P < 0.05). Therefore, we successfully constructed the recombinant adenovirus vector containing siRNA for rat RARP gene, adenovirus could effectively infect MSCs and inhibit the expression of induced RARbeta in ATRA treated MSCs, then inhibit neuronal differentiation of MSCs.

Polydatin up-regulates Clara cell secretory protein to suppress phospholipase A2 of lung induced by LPS in vivo and in vitro.

BACKGROUND: Lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children. The damage to membrane phospholipids leads to the collapse of the bronchial alveolar epithelial barrier during acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Phospholipase A2 (PLA2), a key enzyme in the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids, plays an important traumatic role in pulmonary inflammation, and Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP) is an endogenous inhibitor of PLA2. Our previous study showed that polydatin (PD), a monocrystalline extracted from a traditional Chinese medicinal herb (Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb, et Zucc), reduced PLA2 activity and sPLA2-IIA mRNA expression and mitigated LPS-induced lung injury. However, the potential mechanism for these effects has not been well defined. We have continued to investigate the effect of PD on LPS-induced expression of CCSP mRNA and protein in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS: Our results suggested that the CCSP mRNA level was consistent with its protein expression. CCSP expression was decreased in lung after LPS challenge. In contrast, PD markedly increased CCSP expression in a concentration-dependent manner. In particular, CCSP expression in PD-pretreated rat lung was higher than in rats receiving only PD treatment. CONCLUSION: These results indicated that up-regulation of CCSP expression causing inhibition of PLA2 activation may be one of the crucial protective mechanisms of PD in LPS-induced lung injury.

Interventional effects of biscuits fortified with different doses of vitamin A on the vitamin A status in children of 3-6 years old / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Vitamin A deficiency disorders (VADD) is a healthy problem of children in the world, especially in the west of China and remote areas, and the nutritional intervention is needed.OBJECTIVE: To compare the improved effects of biscuits fortified with three different doses of vitamin A on the vitamin A status in children aged 3-6 years and explore ap ideal dose of vitamin A supplement for preventing VADD.DESIGN: Randomized controlled observation.SETTING: Health Surveillance Institute, Chongqing Municipal Health Bureau; Staff Room of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Chongqing University of Medical Sciences; Center for Children Nutrition, Children's Hospital, Chongqing University of Medical Sciences.PARTICIPANTS: The investigation was done between March and December 2002. 753 children aged 3-6 years from 8 kindergartens in Banan district of Chongqing city were enrolled with the agreement of their guardians. They were divided randomly into 4 groups: 30% recommended intake group, 100% recommended intake group, 20 000 international unit (IU) and 200 000 IU groups.METHODS: ① The biscuits fortified with 30% recommended intake of vitamin A (500 IU) were once given to people of the 30% recommended intake group (177 cases) every day. ②The biscuits fortified with 100% recommended intake of vitamin A (1666 IU) were once given to people of the 100% recommended intake group (173 cases) every day. ③The biscuits fortified with 20 000 IU of vitamin A were once given to people of the 20 000 IU group (209 cases) every week. ④The soft gelatin capsule with 200 000 IU of vitamin A were once given to people of the 200 000 IU group (194 cases).Height, body mass, serum retinal, prealbumin, haematoglobin and retinal binding protein of all children were measured before intervention and after intervention for 3 months. Above indexes were rechecked after supplement for 9 months in 87 children of 30% recommended intake groupMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Prevalence rate of VADD before in-tervention and after intervention for 3 months in children of every group.② Serum retinal, serum prealbumin, serum retinal binding protein,haematoglobin, height and body mass of children before intervention and after interventional for 3 months in every group.RESULTS: Because of lose of samples and detective technology, only 580 children' examination results were got by rechecking. ①Comparison of the prevalence rate of VADD of children in every group: Three months supplementation later, the prevalence of VADD in every group all decreased sig nificantly [1.48%,1.42%,1.21%, 2.16% ;6.78%,6.54%,8.61%,8.25%(χ2=3.86-8.57, P ＜ 0.05-0.01 )]. ②Comparison of serum retinal, serum prealbumin, serum retinal binding protein, haematoglobin, height and body mass of children of every group: After supplement for 3 months, except prealbumin and haematoglobin in the 30% recommended intake group ,other indexes in each group all increased significantly (t=2.52-37.44, P＜ 0.05-0.01 ). The increase of serum vitamin A in the 20 000 IU group was larger than that in the other groups (F=4.62,P＜ 0.01 ). The increases of haematoglobin, prealbumin and height in the 30% recommended intake group were less than those in the other groups (F=5.04-7.78 ,P ＜ 0.01 ).After supplement for 9 months, the increases of haematoglobin and prealbumin in the 30% recommended intake group were larger than those in the other groups (F= 11.62,10.21 ,P ＜ 0.01). The increase of serum retinal was still lower than that in the 20 000 IU group (F=4.21 ,P ＜ 0.01 ).CONCLUSION: Supplement with biscuits fortified with 3 different doses of vitamin A and capsule with 200 000 IU of vitamin A can improve obviously the nourished status of vitamin A and the level of ferrohemoglobin, in which 30% recommended intake and 100% recommended intake have small risk, and everyday supplement can maintain stably the level of vitamin A. That may be suitable for the long-term supplement for children, and the effect of 30% recommended intake was better than that of 100% recommended intake.

Analysis of nutrition and health and mental situation on puerperal women in Chongqing / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To investigate nutrition and health behavior situation and mental situation on puerperal women of Chongqing,in order to provide scientific basis on their pertinent health education. Methods 424 puerperal women were chosen to take health care questionnaire and anxiety self-test table,and investigated by interviewers who had been through professional training,and then doing statistical analysis. Results Women in puerperal in Chongqing had some unreasonable nutrition and health knowledge and mental situation,diet behavior inhibition and so on. Among them,only 49.51% needed calcium supplementation,only 79.37% held that they could have fruit during confinement in childbirth,as high as 66.02% went out after confinement,only 33.49% washed during puerperal,20.39% had over light anxiety. Conclusion It is necessary to reinforce health education and puerperal health guide to puerperal women in Chongqing to improve nutrition and health level and mental situation of puerperal women.

Effects of vitamin A deficiency and its supplementation on tibial growth in rats / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To study the effects of vitamin A deficiency(VAD)and its supplementation on the skeletal growth in rats.Methods Eighteen female Wistar rats were randomly divided into VAD(Vit A 400 IU/kg diet,n=3),supplement(n=9)and control groups(normal diet Vit A 6 500 IU/kg,n=6).The supplement groups were randomly divided into 3 sub-groups,and their diet was changed to Vit A 6 500 IU/kg diet from 14 d after pregnancy,0 d and 4 weeks after birth respectively until they were 7 weeks age old.When they were 0 day,4 and 7 weeks old,their body weight,the length of the tibia,serum Vit A level were measured,and the histology of growth plate was also observed.Results At every measuring times,the serum Vit A level was significantly lower,and the tibial length was shorter in VAD group than in the control(P

EFFECTS OF MARGINAL VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY ON HIPPOCAMPAL CA1 LONG-TERM POTENTIATION IN YOUNG RATS / 营养学报

Objective:To study the effects of marginal vitamin A deficiency (MVAD) on the hippocampal CA1 long-term potentiation (LTP) in young rats. Methods:Six female rats were divided into two groups at random, three in MVAD group, three in control group. The rats were fed VA deficient diet (400IU VA/kg) and VA sufficient diet (6 500IU VA/kg) respectively since 3 w before coitus. Serum VA was assessed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The young rats were killed at D49. The hippocampal CA1 LTP was detected by electrophysiological technique and the ultrastructure of synapses was observed by electron microscope. Results:The changes of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSP) slope (25.4%?2.01%) in MVAD young rats aged 7 weeks were much lower than that in control group (57.5%?8.63%). The changes of slope of fEPSP induced by MVAD in young rats could be replenished after adding retinoic acid (P0.05). The curvature in synaptic interface of MVAD group was less than that of the MVAD supplemented RA group and the control. Conclusion:MVAD during embryonic and early postnatal period can directly impair the hippocampal CA1 LTP of young rats.