[The mechanism of action of polyunsaturated fatty acids on the immune system]. / O mekhanizmakh deistviia polinenasyshchennykh zhirnykh kislot na immunnuiu sistemy.

This article presents the literature materials about polyunsaturated fatty acids as nutritional immunomodulators.

[Nutrition in the pathogenesis, therapy and prevention of digestive system diseases]. / Pitanie v patogeneze, terapii i profilaktike zabolevanii sistemy pishchevareniia.

The role of nutrition in the pathogenesis, therapy, and prevention of gastrointestinal diseases is discussed. Although nutrition is not a leading cause of most gastrointestinal diseases, the role of nutrition in their pathogenesis is very great. Nutritional monitoring of the Russian Federation's population has revealed a shortage of many essential nutrients to be consumed, which may result in worsening of various gastrointestinal diseases. The most promising way of solving this problem is to supplement their diets with biologically active additives (Nutricevtics) which may be a main source of essential nutrients, such as vitamins B, beta-carotene and omega 3-polyunsaturated fatty acids.

[Immune and metabolic effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids omega 3 in anti-atherosclerotic diet in the treatment of patients with ischemic heart disease, familial hyperlipoproteinemia and hypertension]. / Izuchenie immunometabolicheskikh éffectov polinenasyshchennykh zhirnykh kislot semeistva w-3 v sostave protivoateroskleroticheskoi diety u bolnykh ishemicheskoi bolezníu serdtsa, semeinoi giperlipoproteidemiei i gipertonicheskoi bolezníu.

Effect of antiatherosclerotic diet of 112 patients with cardioishemic disease IIa, IIb, and IV types was observed. Positive dynamics of clinical picture of disease, values of lipid metabolism and T-cell cents immunity were shown, particularly for patients with hyperlipidemy, which developed as result of effect of medium cents and genetic cents factors. Including to antiatherosclerosis diet polyunsaturated fatty acids of family (w-3) intensified hypolipidemic effect.

[The modulation of the function of the immunocompetent system and of nonspecific body resistance in rats with different ratios of essential fatty acids in the diet]. / Moduliatsiia sostoianiia immunokompetentnoi sistemy i nespetsificheskoi rezistentnosti organizma krys razlichnymi sootnosheniiami éssentsial'nykh zhirnykh kislot ratsiona.

The influence of dietary essential fatty acids on the immune functions and nonspecific resistance of male Wistar rats weighing 135.0 +/- 3.2 g was investigated after 3 months feeding. Rats were fed isocaloric purified diets containing 24% of fat (combinations of lard, sunflower oil and fish oil, eiconol, this providing the ratios of omega 6/omega 3 fatty acids equal to 1.1; 2.1; 6.1; and 49.0. An increase of immune responsiveness and nonspecific resistance in the groups fed diets with the minimal ratios of omega 6/omega 3 fatty acids as compared to that in rats fed a diet with ratio 49.0 was noted. Fatty acid analysis of peripheral lymphoid organs tissue lipids showed an increase in percentage of eicosenic omega 3 fatty acids in rats fed diets with increased content of polyunsaturated fatty acids omega 3.

[The effect of the omega 6/omega 3 PUFA ratios in the rations of rats on the eicosanoid content in the blood plasma and liver]. / Vliianie sootonoshenii PNZhK omega 6/omega 3 v ratsionakh krys na soderzhanie éikozanoidov v plazme krovi i pecheni.

Purified diets for rats contained 24% fat, with presented with the mixture of sunflower and fish oils whose combination yielded ratios of omega 6 to omega 3 fatty acids equal to 99 0, 49 0, 5 2, 1.9 and 0.12. The alterations in fatty acid composition of blood plasma and the liver were noticed, which manifested in increased omega 3 fatty acid levels in proportion to their dietary content. The elevation of PUFA proportion in the diet increased TBA-reactive substances in the liver. Using radioimmunoassay the levels of PGF2 alpha, TxA2 and PGI2 were determined. The decrease of arachidonic acid as part of tissue lipids caused an inhibition of PGF2 alpha formation in the liver, TxA2 and PGI2 in blood plasma, that showed a possibility of influence the ratio omega 6/omega 3 PUFA in a diet on eicosanoid synthesis by substrate regulation. These results suggest that for characteristics of dietary fat the ratio omega 6/omega 3 PUFA as a criterion reflecting the biological action of two families of essential fatty acids should not be used.

[Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the ration on the structure of peripheral lymphoid organs, immunological parameters and nonspecific resistance of rats]. / Vliianie polinenasyshchennykh zhirnykh kislot ratsiona na strukturu perifericheskikh limfoidnykh organov, immunologicheskie pokazateli i nespetsificheskuiu rezistentnost' organizma krys.

It has been established that the fatty component of the ration, with the rest ingredients being unchanged, alters the immunologic status of the body. When fatty portion of the ration was substituted for sunflower oil (omega 6) active macrophage-plasmocytic reaction in the lymphoid organs, elevation of the humoral immunity parameters and suppression of the T-cell system were recorded. The reaction to immunization was less pronounced when equal ratios of sunflower and ichtyenic oils were used. When the fatty component of the ration was completely substituted for ichtyenic oil, a decrease in T-lymphocyte number and focal necrotic changes in the lymphoid organs were observed. The fatty component of the rations used produced no significant effect on the bactericidal activity of the blood serum.