The Chronic and Acute Toxicity of Traditional Medicines Containing Terminalia chebula.

Objectives: Terminalia chebula, the main ingredient of Altan Arur 5, has been used for many years in traditional medicine. This medicine is more effective than other drugs and is used to treat chronic gastritis and gastrointestinal disorders such as peptic ulcers and esophageal reflux. Other ingredients of Altan Arur 5 are Punica granatum (pomegranate), tulip seeds, black balm, and excreta of Trogopterus xanthipes. The main ingredients of T. chebula are antibacterial and analgesic in traditional medicine. Despite having been used for many years and although many studies have been conducted on the beneficial effects of this medicine and its ingredients, the toxicity of Altan Arur 5 has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to study the toxicity of Altan Arur 5 to ensure that it is safe to use. Methods: Acute and chronic toxicity of Altan Arur 5 were assessed in 10 Kunming mice and 8 Sprague-Dawley rats, respectively, in different doses. In the acute toxicity study, Altan Arur 5 was orally administered to Kunming mice in doses of 12 g/kg, 24 g/kg, and 48 g/kg for 14 days. In the chronic toxicity study, it was orally administered to Sprague-Dawley rats in doses of 1.25 g/kg, 2.5 g/kg, and 5 g/kg for 12 weeks. Results: No significant differences were observed in the relative organ weights for mice treated with Altan Arur 5 compared with those in the control group. Furthermore, no macro- or microstructural changes were noted in the organs of any group. Conclusion: Our toxicity testing revealed that the traditional medicine Altan Arur 5 has no toxic effects in vivo.

The Effect of Empowering Education Combined With Mindfulness Meditation Training on Negative Emotion and Quality of Life in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Objective: To investigate the effect of empowerment education combined with mindfulness meditation training on negative emotions and quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: A total of 40 patients with IBD were selected and divided into experimental group and control group according to the random number table method, 20 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with conventional nursing methods. The patients in the experimental group used empowerment education combined with mindfulness meditation training. Changes in mood and quality of life were compared between the two groups at admission and 3 months after discharge. Results: There was no significant difference in SAS score and quality of life score between the two groups. After authorization education combined with mindfulness meditation training, the SAS score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.01). The score of quality of life in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Empowerment education combined with mindfulness meditation can effectively improve the negative emotions and quality of life of patients with inflammatory bowel disease, and benefit the patients in many aspects.

Effect of hyperbaric oxygen combined with alprostadil in the treatment of elderly diabetic nephropathy and effects on serum miR-126 and miR-342 levels.

This study aims to investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen combined with alprostadil in the treatment of elderly diabetic nephropathy (DN) and its effect on serum miR-126 and miR-342 levels. The total effective rate of the study group was 91.53% after treatment, which was higher than that (74.58%) of the control group (p<0.05); the levels of UAER, Scr, BUN and HbA1c, FPG, 2h PG were lowered in the two groups after treatment, and the levels of these indexes were lower in the study group than those in the control group (p<0.05); the levels of vWF, ET-1, CD8+, miR-342 were lowered after treatment for the two groups, and the levels of these indexes were lower in the study group than those in the control group; the levels of NO, CD3+, CD4+ and miR-126 were increased after treatment and the levels were higher in the study group than those in the control group (p<0.05). The application of hyperbaric oxygen combined with alprostadil in the treatment of elderly DN patients can improve renal function, lower blood glucose, improve vascular endothelial function and immune function, adjust serum miR-126 and miR-342 levels, thereby increasing curative effect.

Quantitative Study of Yang-tonifying Herbs Distributing to Kidney Meridian by Using Maximum Similarity Algorithm / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To set a criterion for determining whether herbs distribute to kidney meridian from the perspective of tissue expression of protein receptors, so as to provide new ideas and a new method for the quantitative study of meridian tropism. Method: The 9 Yang-tonifying herbs were selected as the training set, and 2 Yang-tonifying herbs were used as the verification set. The TCMSP2.3,PubChem,Uniprot and other database were used to collect the active compounds and targets of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). The core target proteins of Yang-tonifying herbs were obtained by using the Maximum Similarity Algorithm for TCM in the training set. The THPA database was used to collect expressions of tissues and target proteins. The empirical regression equation was constructed to explore the tissue distribution of the receptors in the training set, and the criterion for determining whether herbs distribute to kidney meridian was established. The criteria model was tested through validation set data. Result: The herb-active ingredient-protein receptor-tissue expression data library was constructed. A total of 39 core target proteins of Yang-tonifying herbs were acquired. The equations in the training set were highly consistent, with no statistical difference (P=0.999 7). The data of the combined training set was finally fitted to a judgment equation. The model was successfully tested with herbs in the validation set. The accuracy of the model was 100%. Conclusion: This study explored a new method for judging whether TCM distributes to kidney meridian, established an effective criterion model and verified the reliability of the new method. It provides a theoretical basis for the modernization of meridian tropism of traditional Chinese medicine, and is of great significance for the rapid development of traditional Chinese medicine.

Immunoscore System for Predicting Clinical Outcome of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors.

We conducted this study to determine whether immunoscore system (IS) predicts survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). A total of 218 mRCC patients treated with sunitinib or sorafenib in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University were recruited during 2007-2017, retrospectively. CD8, CD4, Treg, PD-1 and PD-L1 expression were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining of paraffin embedded slide. Kaplan-Meier method and COX regression model were used in survival analyses. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that expressions of CD8, Treg, PD-1 and stromal PD-L1 (sPD-L1) expressions were independent predictive factors for OS, thus IS was established containing these four immunological factors. Subsequent analysis revealed that performance of IS provided good differentiation of OS and PFS. Besides, multivariate analysis identified IS as an independent prognostic factor for OS (p<0.001) and PFS (p=0.002). IS, compared with International mRCC Database Consortium (IMDC) risk model, and provided better prediction ability for OS. Results suggested that IS was a powerful prognostic factor for OS and PFS in patients with mRCC treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. And IS can be used as essential supplement to IMDC for outcome prediction in mRCC patients.

Effect of Astragalus injection on cardiomyocyte apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress and expression of connexin in cardiomyopathy rats induced by adriamycin / 中国应用生理学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the effect of Astragalus injection on cardiomyocyte apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress and connexin protein in cardiomyopathy rats induced by adriamycin.@*METHODS@#Thirty-six male Wister rats were randomly divided into control group (=12), adriamycin(ADR) group (=12) and Astragalus group (=12). The normal saline (10 ml/kg body weight) was injected intraperitoneally in control group rats, ADR (2 mg/kg body weight) was injected intraperitoneally in ADR group rats, ADR (10 ml/kg body weight) and Astragalus injection (10 ml/kg body weight) were injected intraperitoneally in rats of astragalus group, one time a week, totle 3 times. By the end of the 7 week, the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured by echocardiography. Then the rats in the three groups were sacrificed and the left ventricle section was stained by HE, Masson, uranyl acetate/lead citrate respectively, the cardiomyopathy and ultrastructural changes were observed under light microscope and transmission electron microscope. The apoptosis of rat cardiomyocyte were analyzed by TUNEL. The expression of connexin Cx43 and p-Cx43 was detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (Grp78),activating transcription factor 4 (ATF-4) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) were detected by real time PCR.@*RESULTS@#Compared with control group, LVEDD, LVESD increased and LVEF decreased, myocardial fibers were disordered and edematous, infiltrated by lymphocytes, the mitochondria were destroyed and vacuolized, and the number of cardiomyocyte apoptosis was increased(<0.01) in ADR group. The expression of Grp78, ATF-4, CHOP and p-Cx43 were increased, and the expression of Cx43 was decreased in ADR group. However, compared with ADR group, LVEDD, LVESD decreased and LVEF increased, the cardiomyopathy and ultrastructural changes were significantly improved, the number of cardiomyocyte apoptosis was significantly decreased (<0. 01); the expression of Grp78, ATF-4, CHOP and p-Cx43 decreased (<0.01); the expression of Cx43 increased in Astragalus group (<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Astragalus injection may effectively improve the myocardial damage induced by adriamycin, its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and the decrease of phosphorylation of CX43 in cardiomyopathy rats induced by adriamycin.

Effects of total flavonids of astragalus on arrhythmia,endoplasmic reticulum stress in mice with viral myocarditis / 中国应用生理学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of total flavonids of astragalus(TFA) on arrhythmia, endoplasmic reticulum stress and connexcin in mice with viral myocarditis and to clarify the mechanisms of TFA against viral myocarditis complicated with arrhythmia.@*METHODS@#Thirty-six male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into control group, viral myocarditis group and total flavonoids group (=12). The mice of viral myocarditis were intraperitonealy injected with 0.1 ml/day 10-950 TCID CVB3 for 3 days. The mice of TFA group were intraperitoneal injected with 0.1 ml/day 10-950 TCID CVB3 for 3 days and treated with 0.1ml, 20 mg/L TFA by tail vein injection. At the end of the experiment, arrhythmia was detected by electrocardiogram, the heart of mice were stained by HE, the expressions of glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78), endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathway factor activating transcription factor 4(ATF4) and connexcin 43(Cx43) were detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#The expressions of GRP78 and ATF4 were increased and the expression of Cx43 was decreased in viral myocarditis, while TFA inhibited these effect of viral myocarditis in heart of mice.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The antiarrhythmic effect of TFA may be related to the alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the increase of Cx43 expression.

Prognostic role of N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 10 in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: A previous study demonstrated that GALNT10 affects the sensitivity of cancer cells to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. The aim of this study was to assess whether GALNT10 holds a prognostic role in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients treated with TKI agents. RESULTS: GALNT10 had no statistical correlation with any other clinicopathological parameters except for route of gaining samples (P = 0.001) and Heng's risk stratification (P = 0.011). Patients with high level of GALNT10 had significantly shorter overall survival (OS) (P < 0.001) and progression-free survival (PFS) (P = 0.002). Importantly, this relationship existed in OS and PFS analyses in sunitinib-treated patients and in OS analyses in sorafenib-treated patients (P = 0.024). In contrast to sorafenib group, percentage of partial response (PR) and stable disease (SD) were higher in sunitinib group, while percentage of progression disease (PD) was much lower. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified that GALNT10 was an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR = 1.938, P = 0.014), not for PFS (HR = 1.532, P = 0.065), in mRCC. Incorporating it into Heng's risk model could sharpen its efficacy in distinguishing patients with potential higher risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 138 mRCC patients treated with sunitinib or sorafenib at Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China. A total of 111 valid cases were finally applied for analyses. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that GALNT10 could be applied as a prognostic marker for OS in mRCC patients.

Prognostic Value of SETD2 Expression in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors.

PURPOSE: Mutations of SETD2 occur in 3% to 16% of clear cell renal cell carcinoma cases. Previous studies identified an association between SETD2 mutation and prognosis of patients with nonmetastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. In this study we explored the prognostic and predictive value of SETD2 expression in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with targeted therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 138 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with sunitinib or sorafenib at a single institution from 2007 to 2014. SETD2 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays. RESULTS: After excluding those patients with loss of followup or unavailable tissue samples, 111 were included in the study. Low SETD2 expression was associated with reduced overall survival (p <0.001) and progression-free survival (p=0.001). After adjustment for histological type, Heng risk group and drugs used for targeted therapy, SETD2 was defined as an independent prognostic marker for overall survival (HR 2.535 [95% CI 1.429-4.497], p=0.001) and progression-free survival (HR 1.755 [95% CI 1.031-2.988], p=0.038). Its prognostic value for overall survival was more predominant in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (p <0.001) or patients in the intermediate risk group of Heng risk criteria (p <0.001), while its predictive value for progression-free survival was more predominant in patients treated with sorafenib (p <0.001). SETD2 could also be combined with the Heng risk model for better overall survival prediction. CONCLUSIONS: SETD2 is a potential prognostic biomarker for overall survival and progression-free survival prediction in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma receiving targeted therapy. However, it remains to be seen whether this is generalizable to other ethnicities and prospective external validation is required.

[Clinical observation of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization plus sorafenib in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus sorafenib in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis. METHODS: A total of forty four patients of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis were retrospectively analyzed. There were twenty one patients in the treatment group, and the patients took oral 0.4 g sorafenib twice a day 7 days before or 14 days after TACE. Twenty three patients of control group were treated by TACE without sorafenib. Disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), time to tumor progression (TTP) and side effects were followed up. RESULTS: The times of TACE in the treatment group was more than that in the control group (2.5 ± 1.1 vs 1.8 ± 1.1, P = 0.019). DCR of the treatment group and the control group were 81.0% vs 26.1%, 47.6% vs 0, 19.0 vs 0, and 4.8% vs 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after TACE respectively, and the DCR of the treatment group were significantly higher than that of control group (P < 0.05). The median OS of the treatment group and the control group were (252 ± 32) d and (123 ± 18) d (P = 0.001) respectively. The median TTP of the treatment group and the control group were (187 ± 16) d and (71 ± 8) d (P = 0.000) respectively. Hand foot skin reaction and diarrhea of the treatment group and the control group were 90.5% vs 0 (P = 0.000) and 66.7% vs 8.7% (P = 0.000) respectively. CONCLUSION: Sorafenib is efficacious, and may prolong OS and TTP in hepatocellular carcinoma with PVTT treated by TACE.

Clinical multi-factors analysis on rebleeding of hypertensive hemorrhage after minimally invasive craniopuncture / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the clinical factors and therapeutic tactic for rebleeding of hypertensive hemorrhage after minimally invasive craniopuncture.Methods Clinical data of 213 cases were reviewed retrospectively.8 possible factors were gathered to select the high-risk ones by multiple-factor Logistic regression analysis.Results 27 cases bled after minimally invasive craniopuncture therapy.By Logistic regression analysis,we found 4 high-risk factors of recurrence hemorrhage,including hematoma shape (β =2.236,P =0.002),systolic blood pressure on admission (β =1.877,P =0.001),operation time (β =-1.589,P =0.004) and hematoma clearance (β =1.280,P =0.010).Conclusion Paying more attention to the 4 factors and treating each patient by individual therapeutic tactic according to the 4 factors will help to decrease the incidence of bleeding after minimally invasive craniopuncture.

[Protective effect of shenfu injection pretreatment on brain of patients receiving aortic valve replacement undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the protective effect of Shenfu Injection (SFI) pretreatment on brain of patients receiving aortic valve replacement (AVR) undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). METHODS: Thirty AVR patients undergoing CPB were randomly assigned to 2 groups, the control group and the experimental group, 15 cases in each group. SFI at 1.5 mL/kg (dissolved in 250 mL 5% glucose solution) was intravenously dripped to those in the experimental group 5 days before operation, once daily for 5 successive days. SFI at 1.5 mL/kg (dissolved in 250 mL 5% glucose solution) was intravenously dripped to those 30 min before anesthesia induction. Equal dose of normal saline was intravenously dripped to those in the control group, and the other procedures were the same as those for patients in the experimental group. The venous blood sample (2 mL) was drawn from the right internal carotid vein immediately after induction of anesthesia (T1),10 min after CPB (T2), 30 min after GPB (T3), 2 h after CPB (T4), 24 h after CPB (T5), and 48 h after CPB (T6), thus detecting the plasma levels of S100beta and neuron specific enolase (NSE). And patients' cognitive function was assessed with mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scale on the day before operation, the 2nd and the 7th day after operation. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference in the levels of S1001 and NSE between the two groups at T1 (P > 0.05). There was statistical difference in the levels of S100beta and NSE between the two groups at T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, when compared with those at T1 (P <0.05). Besides, the levels of S100beta and NSE at T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 were lower in the experimental group than in the control group, showing statistical difference (P <0.05). The MMSE scores decreased on the 2nd day after operation in the two groups, showing statistical difference when compared with those on the day before operation (P <0.05). It was lowered more obviously in the control group. There was no statistical difference in the MMSE score between the 7th day post-operation and the day before operation (P >0.05). CONCLUSION: SFI pretreatment had protective effect on brain in AVR patients undergoing CPB.

[Herbal acupoint sticking combined with electroacupuncture therapy in the treatment of Bell's palsy: a randomized controlled trial].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture (EA) combined with herbal acupoint sticking in the treatment of Bell's palsy and provide optimizations for the clinic. METHODS: One hundred and two cases of Bell's palsy were randomized into an EA combined with herbal acupoint sticking group (group A, 50 cases) and an EA group (group B, 52 cases), EA at Cuanzhu (BL 2), Yangbai (GB 14), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Quanliao (SI 18),Xiaguan (ST 7), Yingxiang (LI 20), etc. were applied in both groups and "facial paralys No.I " was applied at Yifeng (TE 17) in group A, once daily and 10 times totally were needed. The score of facial nerve function, clinical efficacy were compared before and after treatment. At 1 and 3 month follow up visit, the quality of life scale( WHOQOL-BREF) and the occurrence of complication were observed. RESULTS: The scores of facial nerve function in group A and group B were all significantly improved compared with those before treatment (48. 2+/- 2. 9 vs 25. 7 +/- 4. 9, 45. 9 +/- 6. 2 vs 25. 8 +/- 5. 5, both P0. 05). The occurrence of complication in group A (1 case) was significantly less than that in group B (8 cases, P 0. 05). CONCLUSION: Compared with EA, the combination of EA and acupoint sticking therapy for Bell's palsy cannot only improve the clinical efficacy and reduce the occurrence of complication but also reliable without any side effect.

Protective effect of shenfu injection pretreatment on brain of patients receiving aortic valve replacement undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the protective effect of Shenfu Injection (SFI) pretreatment on brain of patients receiving aortic valve replacement (AVR) undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty AVR patients undergoing CPB were randomly assigned to 2 groups, the control group and the experimental group, 15 cases in each group. SFI at 1.5 mL/kg (dissolved in 250 mL 5% glucose solution) was intravenously dripped to those in the experimental group 5 days before operation, once daily for 5 successive days. SFI at 1.5 mL/kg (dissolved in 250 mL 5% glucose solution) was intravenously dripped to those 30 min before anesthesia induction. Equal dose of normal saline was intravenously dripped to those in the control group, and the other procedures were the same as those for patients in the experimental group. The venous blood sample (2 mL) was drawn from the right internal carotid vein immediately after induction of anesthesia (T1),10 min after CPB (T2), 30 min after GPB (T3), 2 h after CPB (T4), 24 h after CPB (T5), and 48 h after CPB (T6), thus detecting the plasma levels of S100beta and neuron specific enolase (NSE). And patients' cognitive function was assessed with mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scale on the day before operation, the 2nd and the 7th day after operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no statistical difference in the levels of S1001 and NSE between the two groups at T1 (P > 0.05). There was statistical difference in the levels of S100beta and NSE between the two groups at T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, when compared with those at T1 (P <0.05). Besides, the levels of S100beta and NSE at T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 were lower in the experimental group than in the control group, showing statistical difference (P <0.05). The MMSE scores decreased on the 2nd day after operation in the two groups, showing statistical difference when compared with those on the day before operation (P <0.05). It was lowered more obviously in the control group. There was no statistical difference in the MMSE score between the 7th day post-operation and the day before operation (P >0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SFI pretreatment had protective effect on brain in AVR patients undergoing CPB.</p>

[Study on the distribution and correlation of trace elements in whole blood of children in Beijing].

OBJECTIVE: To study the distribution and correlation of trace elements in peripheral blood of children in Beijing so as to offer scientific evidence for the supplementation of trace elements and to prevent lead intoxication. METHODS: Contents of trace elements in whole blood of 13 929 children in Beijing region were detected by Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. According to developmental condition, children were divided into young infancy group, infancy group, toddler's age group, preschool age group, school age group and adolescence group. Every group was divided into males and females. Distribution and correlation of trace elements in different age groups and in different sex sets were then analyzed and compared. RESULTS: The level of copper, calcium and magnesium were stable in different age groups and in different sex sets. There were no obvious significant differences in age groups and sex sets and there were no deficiency of copper, calcium and magnesium discovered. The level of zinc increased gradually following the growth of age and the level of zinc was (81.71 +/- 15.91) micromol/L. There were significant differences in different age groups noticed as well in sex sets of infancy group, toddler's age group and preschool age group. The rate of deficiency of zinc decreased gradually following the growth of age. The rate of zinc deficiency was 13.7% and there were obvious differences noticed in sex sets of toddler, preschool and school age groups. The level of iron increased gradually following the growth of age with the level of iron as (8.28 +/- 0.78) mmol/L. There were significant differences noticed in different age groups, after infancy stage. There was significant difference noticed also in sex sets after school age group. The rate of iron deficiency decreased obviously following the growth of age. The iron deficiency rate was 12.9%, and significantly different in sex sets of young infancy, school age and adolescence groups. The level of lead increased gradually following the growth of age, with the overall level as (59.97 +/- 26.52) microg/L; There was an obvious significant differences noticed in different age groups with significant differences noticed in sex sets after toddler's age group. The rate of lead intoxication increased gradually following the growth of age. The rate of lead intoxication was 8.2%. There were significant differences noticed in sex sets after toddler's age group. However, there were negative correlations noticed among the levels of lead and copper, zinc, calcium, magnesium and iron. There were no correlations between the level of calcium and iron found but showed positive correlation among other trace elements. CONCLUSION: The deficiency of calcium was basically corrected but the deficiency of zinc and iron were still obvious. There was a high level of lead noticed in these children. It is important to advocate on healthy feeding program, on culture good hygienic habit and on away from the lead pollution sites.

Study on the distribution and correlation of trace elements in whole blood of children in Beijing / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To study the distribution and correlation of trace elements in peripheral blood of children in Beijing so as to offer scientific evidence for the supplementation of trace elements and to prevent lead intoxication. Methods Contents of trace elements in whole blood of 13 929 children in Beijing region were detected by Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. According to developmental condition, children were divided into young infancy group, infancy group, toddler's age group, preschool age group, school age group and adolescence group. Every group was divided into males and females. Distribution and correlation of trace elements in different age groups and in different sex sets were then analyzed and compared. Results The level of copper, calcium and magnesium were stable in different age groups and in different sex sets.There were no obvious significant differences in age groups and sex sets and there were no deficiency of copper, calcium and magnesium discovered. The level of zinc increased gradually following the growth of age and the level of zinc was (81.71±15.91)μmol/L. There were significant differences in different age groups noticed as well in sex sets of infancy group, toddler's age group and preschool age group. The rate of deficiency of zinc decreased gradually following the growth of age. The rate of zinc deficiency was 13.7% and there were obvious differences noticed in sex sets of toddler, preschool and school age groups. The level of iron increased gradually following the growth of age with the level of iron as (8.28±0.78)mmol/L.There were significant differences noticed in different age groups, after infancy stage. There was significant difference noticed also in sex sets after school age group. The rate of iron deficiency decreased obviously following the growth of age. The iron deficiency rate was 12.9%, and significantly different in sex sets of young infancy, school age and adolescence groups. The level of lead increased gradually following the growth of age, with the overall level as (59.97±26.52)μg/L; There was an obvious significant differences noticed in different age groups with significant differences noticed in sex sets after toddler's age group. The rate of lead intoxication increased gradually following the growth of age. The rate of lead intoxication was 8.2%. There were significant differences noticed in sex sets after toddler's age group.However, there were negative correlations noticed among the levels of lead and copper, zinc, calcium,magnesium and iron. There were no correlations between the level of calcium and iron found but showed positive correlation among other trace elements. Conclusion The deficiency of calcium was basically corrected but the deficiency of zinc and iron were still obvious. There was a high level of lead noticed in these children. It is important to advocate on healthy feeding program, on culture good hygienic habit and on away from the lead pollution sites.

[Prognostic analysis of stage III-IV non-small cell lung cancer patients treated by traditional chinese medicine].

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Chemotherapy is a treatment for stage III-IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the efficacy is not ideal. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has certain effect on NSCLC. This study was to investigate various factors that affect the prognosis of advanced NSCLC, and evaluate the role of TCM in enlonging survival time of patients with stage III-IV NSCLC. METHODS: The NSCLC patients who meet the inclusive criteria were randomized into TCM group, combination (TCM plus NP regimen) group, and chemotherapy group, and received relevant treatments. The median survival time (MST) was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method. The prognosis of the patients was analyzed by COX regression method. RESULTS: A total of 294 stage III-IV NSCLC patients were enrolled, of which 99 were in TCM group, 103 in combination group, 92 in chemotherapy group. The MST were 292 days in TCM group, 355 days in combination group, and 236 days in chemotherapy group; the cumulative survival rates were 45.38%, 48.86%, and 42.17%, respectively (P>0.05). Cox regression analysis indicated that therapy, gender, disease course, erythrocyte sedimentation, KPS score, tumor size, and patient's weight were independent prognostic factors of stage III-IV NSCLC. CONCLUSION: Compare with chemotherapy alone, TCM combined with chemotherapy may prolong the survival time of stage III-IV NSCLC patients.

[Study on treatment of climacteric depression with bushen tiaogan qingxin recipe].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of bushen tiaogan qingxin recipe (BTQR) on Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAMD), monoamine meurotransmitter and endocrinal function in patients with climacteric depression, and to explore its mechanism. METHODS: Patients were randomly divided into two groups, the 25 patients in the treated group treated with BTQR and 15 patients in the control group treated with hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The HAMD scoring, levels of 5-HT, NE in plasma, serum estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) were determined before and after treatment, and the thickness of endometrium was measured by B-Doppler ultrasonographic technique. RESULTS: The total effective rate, evaluated by the HAMD score reducing rate, in the treated group was 87.2%, and in the control group was 67.3%, showing significant difference (P<0.05). After treatment, 5-HT decreased (P<0.01), NE increased (P<0.05) and 5-HT/NE ratio lowered (P<0.01) in the treated group; E2 increased in both groups; FSH, LH and FSH/LH ratio decreased in the treated group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), FSH/LH ratio decreased in the control group (P<0.05). The thickness of endometrium increased in the control group after treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The mechanism of BTQR in treating climacteric depression might be related with its actions in: (1) To regulate the synthesis and release of monoamine neurotransmitter; (2) To adjust reproductive endocrine function; (3) To coordinate the neuroendocrinal function.

Study on treatment of climacteric depression with bushen tiaogan qingxin recipe / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of bushen tiaogan qingxin recipe (BTQR) on Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAMD), monoamine meurotransmitter and endocrinal function in patients with climacteric depression, and to explore its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Patients were randomly divided into two groups, the 25 patients in the treated group treated with BTQR and 15 patients in the control group treated with hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The HAMD scoring, levels of 5-HT, NE in plasma, serum estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) were determined before and after treatment, and the thickness of endometrium was measured by B-Doppler ultrasonographic technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate, evaluated by the HAMD score reducing rate, in the treated group was 87.2%, and in the control group was 67.3%, showing significant difference (P<0.05). After treatment, 5-HT decreased (P<0.01), NE increased (P<0.05) and 5-HT/NE ratio lowered (P<0.01) in the treated group; E2 increased in both groups; FSH, LH and FSH/LH ratio decreased in the treated group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), FSH/LH ratio decreased in the control group (P<0.05). The thickness of endometrium increased in the control group after treatment (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The mechanism of BTQR in treating climacteric depression might be related with its actions in: (1) To regulate the synthesis and release of monoamine neurotransmitter; (2) To adjust reproductive endocrine function; (3) To coordinate the neuroendocrinal function.</p>