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OBJECTIVE@#To identify the main active components in Ⅲ and their targets and explore the mechanism by which Ⅲ alleviates proteinuria in chronic kidney disease (CKD) based on network pharmacology.@*METHODS@#The active components of Ⅲ and their potential targets, along with the oral bioavailability and drug-like properties of each component were searched in the TCMSP database. The proteinuria-related targets were searched in the GeneCards database. The active component-target network was constructed using Cytoscape software, and the acquired information of the targets from ClueGO was used for enrichment analysis of the gene pathways.@*RESULTS@#A total of 102 active components were identified from Ⅲ. These active components acted on 126 targets, among which 69 were related to proteinuria. Enrichment analysis revealed fluid shear stress- and atherosclerosisrelated pathways as the highly significant pathways in proteinuria associated with CKD.@*CONCLUSIONS@#We preliminarily validated the prescription of Ⅲ and obtained scientific evidence that supported its use for treatment of proteinuria in CKD. The findings in this study provide a theoretical basis for further study of the mechanism of Ⅲ in the treatment of proteinuria in CKD.
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Humans , Biological Availability , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Pharmacokinetics , Therapeutic Uses , Proteinuria , Drug Therapy , Metabolism , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To seek for the differentially-expressed proteins in patients with kidney-yin deficiency syndrome and to screen out the specific proteins,so as to provide evidence for the establishment of objective standard of kidney deficiency syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).Methods Five patients with typical kidney-yin deficiency syndrome and 6 normal healthy volunteers were enrolled into the study.Plasma proteins in both groups were detected by antibody chip,and then the plasma proteins profile was compared and analyzed.Results A total of 25 differentially-expressed proteins between kidney-yin deficiency group and normal control group were found,of which 2 were up-regulated and 23 were down-regulated.Conclusion The differentially-expressed proteins in patients with kidney-yin deficiency syndrome are mainly related to immune disorder,protein biosynthesis,metabolism,oxidative stress,cell apoptosis,signal transduction,and so on.
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To clarify the effect of the sympathetic nerves on the body's physiopathological changes and acupuncture effect by the alphal-AR mediation in the past 30 years.The paper has referred to the database of CNKI and Pubmed,and systematically reviewed the publications in the past 30 years about the research of the alphal-AR mediation of the sympathetic nerves to the body's physiological andpathological changes and acupuncture effect.Alphal-AR not only mediated the sympathetic nerves on the inotropic change of the heart,and the contraction of the vascular smooth muscles,bladder sphincter,and uterine smooth muscles and other physiological effect,but also mediated cardiac arrhythmia,myocardial hypertrophy and other pathological process.In addition,Alphal-AR also mediated the acupuncture signal transmission,and acupuncture was able to adjust the sympathetic nervous tension.The body's physiopathological changes are closely related to alpha1-AR and subtype alteration.The in-depth study of alphal-AR helps to explain physiopathological mechanism of the body,as well as provide theoretical basis and the corresponding pharmacological models for better selective drugs.Studying Alpha1-AR on meridians contributes to the discovery of meridian essence and the substantial basis of acupuncture effects.
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Objective To observe over-time changes in rat blood flow in the skins of related meridian points during physiological status, the pathological state of ischemic myocardial injury and low or high frequency electroacupuncture intervention and explore the post effect of different frequency electroacupuncture on related meridian points after treating ischemic myocardial injury. Method Fifty male Wister rats were randomized into five groups: blank control, sham operation, model, low frequency electroacupuncture (meridian point A) and high frequency electroacupuncture (meridian point B), 10 rats each. Blood flow in the skins of bilateral points Neiguan (PC6), Ximen (PC4) and Tianquan (PC2), and non-meridian and non-acupoint control points was measured by laser speckle contrast imaging in every group immediately and at 30 and 60 min after the end of three treatments. Statistical analysis was made. Result Blood flow in the skins of bilateral points Neiguan, Ximen and Tianquan was significantly lower in the blank control group than in the model group (P<0.01,P<0.05). Blood flow in the skin of every acupoint increased in varing degrees after low or high frequency electroacupuncture treatment. Blood flow in bilateral points Neiguan, Ximen and Tianquan regions in meridian point group A was closer to that in the blank control group immediately after treatment. Blood flow in three left-side and three right-side acupoint regions in meridian point group B was closer to that in the blank control group at 30 and 60 min, respectively, after treatment. Conclusion The immediate effect of low frequency electroacupuncture on blood flow in acupoint regions is better than high frequency electroacupuncture during intervention in ischemic myocardial injury. The post effect of high frequency electroacupuncture on blood flow in acupoint regions is better than low frequency electroacupuncture during intervention in ischemic myocardial injury.
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Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Yougui Pills and its separate formula for the treatment of kidney-yang deficiency syndrome. Methods A total of 60 patients of kidney-yang deficiency syndrome were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, 30 cases in each group. Treatment group was treated with Yougui Pills, and the control group was given the separate formula from Yougui Pills which had the actions of warming kidney yang. Four weeks constituted one treatment course and the treatment covered 2 courses. The changes of major clinical symptom scores, total effectives rate and associated indexes such as peripheral white blood cells, serum antibodies, and complements were compared between the two groups following the treatment for 8 weeks. Results The total effective rate, and improvement of major clinical symptoms and the peripheral white blood cells in the treatment group were superior to those in the control group ( P0.05) .Conclusion Yougui Pills show better effect than its kidney-yang-warming separate formula for the treatment of kidney-yang deficiency syndrome, indicating that the method of generating yang by activating yin is superior to the method of simply nourishing kidney yang.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a HPLC method for determination of 4 components in different varieties of vinegar backed Rhizoma Curcuma.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The method was established by using an Elite Hypersil ODS2 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm). The mobile phase comprising acetonitrile (A) and water (B) was used to elute the targets in gradient elution mode. Flow rate and detection wavelength were set at 1 mL x min(-1) and 214 nm, respectively. The column temperature was 25 degrees C and the injection volume was 10 microL.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>All calibration curves showed good linearity with r > 0.999 5. Recoveries measured at three concentrations were in the range of 97.27% - 99.27% with RSD < 3%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The validated method is simple, reliable, and successfully applied to determine the contents of the selected compounds in vinegar backed Rhizoma Curcuma. The results of the determination showed that contents of the four components in vinegar backed Curcuma wenyujin were relatively high.</p>