Study Progress in Anti-tumor Mechanism of Mongolian Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Presently， tumor has become an important factor threatening human health， and how to cure tumor effectively is still one of the most important problems in the modern medical field. Mongolian medicine has a long history， and is an important component of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， with distinctive national characteristics. It has been gradually formed and developed by absorbing Tibetan medicine，Indian medical theory and TCM. It has the advantages of a low toxicity，diverse structures and effect in modulating immune responses，with a important value and application perspectives. This paper focused on literatures from China National Knowledge Infrastructure，WanFang and Pubmed databases in recent years，with Mongolian medicine，anti-tumor and mechanism of action as the key words. The relevant literatures were collected， and the anti-tumor mechanisms of Mongolian medicinal in inhibiting cell proliferation， affecting cell cycle，inducing apoptosis，suppressing tumor invasion and metastasis，controlling angiogenesis and regulating immune status were summarized， in the hope to provide a reference for prevention and treatment of tumors with Mongolian medicine. The survey results showed that the study methods for Mongolian medicine at this stage were mostly simple， with a low overall level and based on in vitro cell level. However，the antitumor mechanism of Mongolian medicine compounds was not deeply studied. The material basis and mechanism of Mongolian medicine shall be further studied by modern medicine and bioscience techniques. Long-term goals and plans shall be established to form their own characteristics and advantages.

Clinical Study of Chaihu Shugansan Combined with Abdominal Acupuncture on Depression Caused by Chronic Pain / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of Chaihu Shugansan combined with abdominal acupuncture on depression caused by chronic pain，and to explore its mechanism. Method:A total of 97 patients with depression caused by chronic pain were randomly divided into control group （49 cases） and observation group （48 cases）. Patients in both groups received routine western medicine treatment，including necessary psychological intervention and taking paroxetine. Control groupobservation groupcontrol group Patients in control group were treated with Xiaoyaowan，and patients in observation group were treated with Chaihu Shugansan combined with abdominal acupuncture. Both groups were treated for 6 weeks. The levels of serum neurotransmitters，cytokines and Hamilton depression rating scale（HAMD） before and after treatment were compared between two groups<bold>.</bold> Result:There was no significant difference in HAMD scores of the two groups before treatment and the HAMD scores of two groups after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment （<italic>P</italic><0.05），and the HAMD scores in observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. There was no significant difference in the levels of serum 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT），norepinephrine （NE），and brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） between two groups before treatment. After treatment，the levels of serum 5-HT，NE，and BDNF in two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment （<italic>P</italic><0.05），and the levels in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. There was no significant difference in the levels of serum interleukin-6 （IL-6），interleukin-1<italic>β</italic> （IL-1<italic>β</italic>） and tumor necrosis factor-<italic>α</italic> （TNF-<italic>α</italic>） before treatment. After treatment，the levels of serum IL-6，IL-1<italic>β</italic> and TNF-<italic>α</italic> were significantly lower than those before treatment （<italic>P</italic><0.05），and the levels in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:On the basis of psychological intervention and paroxetine administration，the combination of Chaihu Shugansan and abdominal acupuncture exerts their respective advantages. It treats both symptoms and root causes of depression，relieves the degree of depression，reduces the classification of depression，and regulates the levels of neurotransmitter and cellular inflammatory factors，and inhibits inflammatory response. The clinical effect is significant.

Study on the feature of cortical auditory evoked potential under different auditory tasks in cochlear implant children / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the variation regularity and influencing factors of cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) evoked by pure tone, syllable and tone stimuli in cochlear implant (CI) children. Methods: Cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) responses were collected from 46 CI children in the sound field. Pure tones with frequencies of 1 kHz and 2 kHz were used as the standard and the deviant respectively in the pure tone stimulation condition. The Chinese Mandarin tokens/ba/-/pa/and/ba1/-/ba4/pairs were used as the stimuli respectively in the syllable and tone stimulation condition. The latency, amplitude and presence rate of P1 and mismatch negative(MMN) were obtained and the correlation between the difficulty of auditory task, the age of hearing month, the duration of severe-profound hearing loss, the wearing history of hearing aid before CI, the hearing threshold of the better ear before CI and the latency and amplitude of P1 and MMN were analyzed. All statistical analyses and figures were conducted using SPSS 25.0. Results: The P1 presence rate of pure tone, syllable and tone group was 100% (17/17), 100% (13/13) and 75.0% (12/16), respectively, with significant difference (χ²=8.214, P=0.016). There was significant difference between pure tone group and tone group (χ²=4.836, P=0.028), but no significant difference between pure tone group and syllable group, syllable group and tone group. The MMN presence rate of pure tone, syllable and tone group was 94.1% (16/17), 84.6% (11/13) and 62.5% (10/16), respectively, but no significant difference among the three groups with different auditory tasks(χ²=0.066, P=0.066). No significant difference was observed among the three groups of different auditory tasks in the latency and amplitude of P1 and MMN. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the latency of P1 was positively correlated with the difficulty of auditory task and the hearing threshold of the better ear before CI, and negatively correlated with hearing age and the history of hearing aid before CI. The latency of MMN was positively correlated with the difficulty of auditory task, and negatively correlated with hearing age. Conclusions: The P1 presence rate of pure tone auditory task is significantly higher than that of tone auditory task. The difficulty of auditory task, hearing age, the history of hearing aid before CI, and the hearing threshold of the better ear before CI has significant effects on the P1 latency. The difficulty of auditory task and hearing age has significant effects on the MMN latency.

Pharmacokinetic characteristics of fourteen main components of Gegen Qinlian Decoction in rats / 中国中药杂志

A specific and selective UPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of isoflavonoids(3'-hydroxy puerarin, puerarin, daidzin, daidzein, genistin, genistein), flavonoids (baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside, wogonin, liquiritin)and alkaloids(berberine, jatrorrhizine, palmatine)(14 bioactive compounds) of Gegen Qinlian Decoction(GQD) in plasma. The pharmacokinetics characteristics of 14 bioactive compounds were study after oral administration of GQD at a single dose to rats. Prednisolone was used as the internal standard of liquiritin, and naringin was used as the internal standard of the other thirteen analytes. After the plasma samples were processed by precipitation protein method, the constituents and internal standards were gradient eluted by using a Zorbax SB-18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile(A) and 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution(B) using a gradient elution of 0-2.5 min, 15%-30% A; 2.5-3.5 min, 30%-35% A; 3.5-5.0 min, 35%-40% A; 5.0-9.0 min, 40%-60% A; 9.0-11.0 min, 60%-15% A, and the flow rate was 0.4 mL·min⁻¹. The auto sampler was conditioned at 25 °C and the sample injection volume was 5 μL. A mass spectrometry was applied with electrospray ionization (ESI) ion source in the positive and negative ion multiple reaction monitoring(MRM) mode. All pharmacokinetic parameters were processed by non-compartmental analysis with DAS 3.2.2 software. The results showed that the linear correlation coefficient of the 14 components were all greater than 0.99, indicating that the method had good linearity in their respective concentration ranges. Post-preparative stability (25 °C, 24 h), short-term stability(25 °C, 12 h), long-term stability (-20 °C, 7 d), and freeze and thaw stability (3-cycles) of the fourteen constituents were examined to evaluate the stability of methodology. The results of the inner and inter-day relative standard deviations were both less than 10%, indicating legitimate precise and accuracy to the requirement of biological sample analysis. The assay method is proved to be sensitive, accurate and convenient. It can be applied to the pharmacokinetic study of the fourteen analytes. The kinetic parameters of the related drugs were calculated according to the blood concentration of the 14 components. The results showed that the MRT0-t of the isoflavones and flavonoids was 7.5-11.8 h, T1/2z were mainly in 11.0-29.7 h, and the AUC0-t flavonoids were larger than the isoflavones. The MRT0-t of alkaloids were between 4.3-7.2 h, T1/2z were 1.0-5.0 h, AUC0-t were less than flavonoids and isoflavones. The results suggest that flavonoids and isoflavones have a high concentration of blood and long time of action, which are beneficial to the anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects. The concentration of alkaloids in the body is low and the time of action is short, and it may play its bacteriostasis in the intestinal tract.

A further discussion on acupuncture treatment plan of facial neuritis in Evidence-based Guidelines of Clinical Practice in Acupuncture and Moxibustion / 中国针灸

The treatment plan of facial neuritis in Evidence-based Guidelines of Clinical Practice in Acupuncture and Moxibustion (2011 edition) is discussed, and case information of facial neuritis during the recent five years in department of acupuncture and moxibustion, PLA General Hospital, is retrospectively analyzed. In accordance with anatomy of the facial nerve to form the acupuncture prescription, the detailed diagnosis and treatment method for facial neuritis are introduced. The advantages of the diagnosis and treatment method for facial neuritis are summarized, hoping to establish a more comprehensive, standardized and unified treatment plan.

Retrospective controlled study on early postoperative inflammatory small bowel obstruction treated with electroacupuncture and acupuncture / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To reveal the efficacy on early postoperative inflammatory small bowel obstruction (EPISBO) treated with electroacupuncture and acupuncture separately and make the comparison of the efficacy difference.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Through retrospective analysis, 459 cases of EPISBO were divided into an electroacupuncture group (355 cases) and an acupuncture group (104 cases). Based on routine treatment, Zusanli (ST 36), Shangjuxu (ST 37), Taichong (LR 3), Gongsun (SP 4) and Xuanzhong (GB 39) were selected in either group, but stimulated with electroacupuncture and acupuncture separately, once per day, for 30 min each time.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All of 459 cases were cured. The average days of curative achievement in electroacupuncture group were less apparently than those in acupuncture group (13.5 +/- 7.5 vs. 20.8 +/- 6.5, P < 0.05). The days of curative achievement in either group were less significantly than those treated with parenteral nutrition and medication recorded in literatures (32.0 +/- 7.0, both P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Either electroacupuncture or acupuncture achieves a significant efficacy on EPISBO, but the efficacy of electroacupuncture is better than that of acupuncture.</p>

Electroacupuncture for treatment of acute pancreatitis and its effect on the intestinal permeability of the patient / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To probe into effect of electroacupuncture on intestinal permeability in the patient with acute pancreatitis and the mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-eight cases of acute pancreatitis were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group. The control group and the treatment group were treated with anti-infection, inhibiting secretion of pancreas, improving microcirculation and protective agent of gastric mucosa, with electroacupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36), Shangjuxu (ST 37), Gongsun (SP 4), Taichong (LR 3) and Xuanzhong (GB 39) added, twice daily for 3 days, in the treatment group. Their clinical therapeutic effects and changes of endothelin (ET), nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and lactulose/mannose ratio (L/M) before and after treatment were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate of 86.7% in the treatment group was better than 76.3% in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, ET, NO, TNF-alpha contents and L/M all were higher than those before treatment, with those in the treatment group being significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Electroacupuncture can significantly decrease permeability of intestinal mucosa in the patient with acute pancreatitis, reduce accumulation of endogenous inflammatory mediators (ET, TNF-alpha) and vascular active substance (NO) in intestinal mucosa, so as to alleviate necrosis of intestinal epithelial cells and protect the barrier of gastro-intestinal mucosa.</p>

Effects of the improved acupoints and rehabilitation exercise on locomotor ability of the upper limbs and ability of daily life in the patient of cerebral infarction / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To search for an effective method for improving locomotor ability of upper limbs and ability of daily life in the patient of cerebral infarction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five hundred and seventy-eight cases of stroke were randomly divided into 4 groups: an improved acupoints and rehabilitation exercise group (group A, n = 148), a rehabilitation exercise group (group B, n = 142), a routine acupoints and rehabilitation exercise group (group C, n = 144), and a medication group (group D, n = 144). The locomotor ability of the upper limbs and ability of daily life were evaluated respectively by Fugl-Meyer (FMA) and Barthel (BMI).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were significant differences in FMA and BMI scores in all the groups after treatment as compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05); after treatment, the effect in the group A was significantly superior to those in group B and C (P < 0.05), with no significant difference between the group C and the group B.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The improved acupoints combined with rehabilitation exercise can improve locomotor ability of the upper limbs and ability of daily life in the patient of cerebral infarction.</p>