ABSTRACT
A method of hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry was proposed in the present paper for the determination of trace arsenic and selenium in jellyfish. The samples were treated by the combination of microwave digestion and lyophilization. The optimal conditions for treating and analyzing samples were established. The problem of the effect of the superfluous acid in the digesting solution on the results was solved, and the influence of coexisting foreign ions on the determination of arsenic and selenium was investigated. The accuracy of the method was confirmed by the method of standard additions. This method proved to be simple, rapid and repeatable, and is suitable for the analysis of biologic samples containing water.
Subject(s)
Arsenic/analysis , Microwaves , Scyphozoa/chemistry , Selenium/analysis , Spectrometry, Fluorescence/methods , Spectrophotometry, Atomic/methods , Animals , Nitric Acid/chemistry , Perchlorates/chemistry , Reproducibility of Results , Spectrometry, Fluorescence/instrumentation , Spectrophotometry, Atomic/instrumentationABSTRACT
Fucoidan, the sulphated polysaccharide extracted from brown seaweed, has various biological activities. The effect of fucoidan on the formation of proteinuria and renal functions in active Heymann nephritis was investigated in this study. Active Heymann nephritis was induced by administering brush border protein of rat proximal uriniferous tubules (FX1A). Fucoidan was administered by oral intubation to Heymann nephritis rats at three doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) once daily for 4 weeks. The elevated urinary protein excretion and plasma creatinine due to the induction of Heymann nephritis were significantly reduced by fucoidan at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg. The results indicated that fucoidan has a renoprotective effect on active Heymann nephritis and is a promising therapeutic agent for nephritis.
Subject(s)
Glomerulonephritis/drug therapy , Kidney Tubules/drug effects , Laminaria , Phytotherapy , Polysaccharides/pharmacology , Administration, Oral , Animals , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Glomerulonephritis/complications , Glomerulonephritis/immunology , Heymann Nephritis Antigenic Complex/immunology , Kidney Tubules/immunology , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Polysaccharides/administration & dosage , Polysaccharides/therapeutic use , Proteinuria/etiology , Proteinuria/immunology , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
The effects of fucoidan on chronic renal failure (CRF) were investigated in vivo in a subtotal nephrectomy CRF model and a cryoinjury induced CRF model in rats. Fucoidan showed renoprotective effects in both models. Fucoidan (100 or 200 mg/kg, orally) significantly decreased elevated serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels. Histopathological changes of renal tubules and interstitium were markedly alleviated by fucoidan and the mesangial areas were also greatly reduced. The activities of fucoidan were dose-dependent.
Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Kidney/drug effects , Laminaria , Phytotherapy , Polysaccharides/pharmacology , Renal Artery/physiology , Administration, Oral , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Blood Flow Velocity , Blood Urea Nitrogen , Disease Models, Animal , Dogs , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Kidney/blood supply , Kidney/injuries , Kidney Failure, Chronic/prevention & control , Male , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Polysaccharides/administration & dosage , Polysaccharides/therapeutic use , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Sulfated polysaccharide fraction F2 from Porphyra haitanesis (Rhodephyta) showed inhibitory effect on the in vitro lipid peroxidation. In the present study, the age-related changes in the antioxidant enzyme activity, lipid peroxidation, and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) in different organs in mice were investigated and the in vivo antioxidant effect of F2 in aging mice was checked. Increased endogenous lipid peroxidation and decreased TAOC were observed in aging mice. Intraperitoneal administration of F2 significantly decreased the lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. F2 treatment increased TAOC and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in all the organs tested in aging mice. It is concluded that the sulfated polysaccharide fraction F2 can be used in compensating the decline in TAOC and the activities of antioxidant enzymes and thereby reduces the risks of lipid peroxidation.