ABSTRACT
Introducción: La lumbalgia se presenta en aproximadamente 9,4 % de la población mundial. La acupuntura es empleada por la medicina tradicional china para estimular determinados puntos del cuerpo con diferentes tipos de agujas. Entre sus efectos beneficiosos se describe la remisión del dolor. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad del tratamiento acupuntural en pacientes con dolor lumbar asistidos en el cuerpo de guardia. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental de intervención terapéutica (sin grupo control) en 35 pacientes con dolor lumbar, los cuales fueron atendidos en el Cuerpo de Guardia de Medicina Natural y Tradicional del Hospital General Docente Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba, desde julio hasta diciembre del 2021. Resultados: En la investigación primaron el grupo etario de 40-49 años (31,4 %), el sexo femenino (57,1 %), las amas de casa, el dolor entre grave y moderado al inicio del tratamiento, así como los pacientes sin dolor una hora después de la terapia. En cuanto a la evolución final, el total de la muestra clasificó en las categorías de aliviados y mejorados. Conclusiones: Se demostró la efectividad de la acupuntura en pacientes con dolor lumbar agudo.
Introduction: Low back pain is presented in approximately 9.4% of the world population. Acupuncture is used by Chinese traditional medicine to stimulate certain points of the body with different types of needles. Among its beneficial effects the pain remission is described. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the acupuntural treatment in patients with lumbar pain assisted in the emergency room. Methods: A quasi-experiment of therapeutic intervention study (without control group) was carried out in 35 patients with lumbar pain, who were assisted in the Natural and Traditional Medicine Emergency Room of Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from July to December, 2021. Results: In the investigation there was a prevalence the 40-49 age group (31.4%), female sex (57.1%), housewives, serious and moderate pain at the beginning of the treatment, as well as patients without pain one hour after the therapy. As for the final clinical course, the total of the sample classified in the relieved and improved categories. Conclusions: The effectiveness of acupuncture was demonstrated in patients with acute lumbar pain.
ABSTRACT
RESUMO: A insuficiente articulação entre a Atenção Primária à Saúde e a Atenção Ambulatorial Especializada é vista como um dos principais obstáculos para a organização de sistemas integrados de saúde. Este estudo objetivou analisar a implantação dos macroprocessos da Atenção Primária à Saúde e da Atenção Ambulatorial Especializada nos municípios de Caxias (Maranhão) e Ji-Paraná (Rondônia) e na Região Leste do Distrito Federal, e apenas da Atenção Primária à Saúde no município de Cristalina (Goiás). As dimensões consideradas foram: Planejamento e Gestão; Promoção e Cuidado à Saúde; Apoio Diagnóstico e Terapêutico; e Articulação entre Níveis Assistenciais. O índice de implantação da Atenção Primária à Saúde de Caxias foi 'satisfatório', o de Cristalina, 'intermediário'; e o de Ji-Paraná e da Região Leste, 'incipiente'. Na Atenção Primária à Saúde, os melhores resultados foram de Planejamento e Gestão e Promoção e Cuidado à Saúde; e o mais frágil, de Articulação entre Níveis Assistenciais. Em relação à Atenção Ambulatorial Especializada, os melhores resultados foram de Planejamento e Gestão, e as maiores fragilidades foram encontradas em Apoio Diagnóstico e Terapêutico. Este estudo pode contribuir para mudanças nos casos estudados, bem como apresentar as lições aprendidas para outros cenários cuja planificação esteja em fase de implantação atual ou futura.
ABSTRACT: The insufficient articulation between Primary Health Care and Specialized Ambulatory Care has been seen as one of the main obstacles to the organization of integrated health systems. This study aimed to evaluate of the implementation of Primary Health Care macro-processes was carried out in the municipalities of Caxias (Northern Brazil), Cristalina and Ji-Paraná (both Central-Western Brazil) and in the East Region of the Brazilian Federal District; and the Specialized Ambulatory Care in two municipalities - Caxias and Ji-Paraná - and in the East Federal District Region. Were considered the dimensions: Planning and management; Health promotion and care; Diagnostic and Therapeutic Support; and Articulation between care levels. The index of implementation of the Primary Health Care of Caxias was 'satisfactory' (8.54), Cristalina 'intermediate' (7.83) and Ji-Paraná and East Region 'incipient' (7.18 and 7.24, respectively). In Primary Health Care, the best results came from 'Planning and management' and 'Health promotion and care'; and the most fragile, the 'Articulation between levels of care'. Regarding Specialized Ambulatory Care, the best results were from 'Planning and management' and greater weaknesses were found in 'Diagnostic and therapeutic support'. This study can contribute to changes in the cases presented, as well as offer lessons learned for other scenarios whose planning is in the implementation phase or will be implemented.
RESUMEN: La insuficiente articulación entre la Atención Primaria de Salud y la Atención Ambulatoria Especializada ha sido vista como uno de los principales obstáculos para la organización de sistemas integrados de salud. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la implementación de los macroprocesos de Atención Primaria de Salud en los municipios de Caxias (Norte de Brasil), Cristalina y Ji-Paraná (ambos en Centro-Oeste de Brasil) y en la Región Este del Districto Federal Brasileño; y la Atención Ambulatoria Especializada en dos municipios - Caxias y Ji-Paraná - y en la Región Este del Districto Federal. Se consideraron las dimensiones Planificación y gestión; Promoción y atención de la salud; Apoyo Diagnóstico y Terapéutico; y Articulación entre niveles de atención. El índice de implementación del Atención Primaria de Salud de Caxias fue 'satisfactorio' (8,54), Cristalina 'intermedio' (7,83) y Ji-Paraná y Región Este 'incipiente' (7,18 y 7,24, respectivamente). En APS, los mejores resultados provinieron de 'Planificación y gestión' y 'Promoción y atención de la salud'; y la más frágil, la 'Articulación entre niveles de asistencia'. En cuanto a la AAE, los mejores resultados fueron de 'Planificación y gestión' y las mayores debilidades se encontraron en 'Apoyo diagnóstico y terapéutico'. Este estudio puede contribuir a cambios en los casos presentados, así como ofrecer lecciones aprendidas para otros escenarios cuya planificación se encuentra en fase de implementación o será implementada.
Subject(s)
Health EvaluationABSTRACT
Introducción: Edward Bach descubrió la terapia floral como una forma de curación que incluye 39 esencias florales, siendo el Rescue Remedy uno de los más utilizados, el cual se relaciona con situaciones de emergencia, estrés y angustia. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad del Rescue Remedy en pacientes con crisis de asma leve persistente. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de intervención terapéutica en pacientes con crisis de asma leve persistente, atendidos en el Cuerpo de Guardia del Hospital General Docente Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba, durante el tercer trimestre del 2018. La muestra estuvo constituida por 60 pacientes, distribuidos en 2 grupos con 30 integrantes cada uno. El grupo A (de estudio) fue tratado con terapia floral (Rescue Remedy) y el grupo B (de control) con medicamentos. Resultados: Antes de los 20 minutos de recibir la terapia, 90,0 % de los pacientes del grupo A mejoraron los síntomas, mientras que del grupo B solo 53,3 %. Ningún afectado del grupo de estudio mostró reacciones adversas; en tanto, 96,7 % del grupo de control sí las presentó. Conclusiones: El Remedio 39 o Rescue Remedy resultó efectivo como terapia de emergencia en los pacientes estudiados.
Introduction: Edward Bach discovered floral therapy as a form of treatment that includes 39 floral essences, being Rescue Remedy one of the most used, which is related to emergency, stress and distress situations. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of Rescue Remedy in patients with persistent mild asthma crisis. Methods: A study of therapeutic intervention was carried out in patients with persistent mild asthma crisis, assisted in the Emergency Department of Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, during the third quarter of 2018. The sample was constituted by 60 patients, distributed in 2 groups with 30 members each one. The group A (study) was treated with floral therapy (Rescue Remedy) and group B (control) with medications. Results: Before the 20 minutes of receiving the therapy, 90.0 % of the patients from group A improved the symptoms, unlike just 53.3 % of the patients from group B. None of the affected patients from the study group showed adverse reactions; while 96.7 % of the control group presented side effects. Conclusions: The Remedy 39 or Rescue Remedy was effective as emergency therapy in the studied patients.
Subject(s)
Asthma , Flower Essences/therapeutic use , Secondary Care , Flower EssencesABSTRACT
Resumo Objetivou-se avaliar a atenção secundária em endodontia em um Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas (CEO) de Belo Horizonte (MG). A coleta de dados utilizou dois formulários: (1) sobre o tratamento endodôntico, preenchido pelos endodontistas; (2) sobre o tratamento restaurador, com dados dos prontuários. O programa SPSS 19.0 foi utilizado para analisar os resultados por meio de frequência e percentis. Foram finalizados 452 tratamentos endodônticos em pacientes adultos. Os pacientes apresentaram mediana de 39 anos de idade, a maioria era do sexo feminino (69,7%) e apresentou guia de referência da atenção básica (96,2%). A maior parte dos tratamentos endodônticos foi realizada em pré-molares superiores (23,7%), seguida de molares inferiores (22,3%), utilizando técnica mista (74,1%) e em única sessão (64,2%). O encaminhamento para o tratamento restaurador foi para o CEO em 81,2% dos casos e finalizado em 24,1% casos (n = 109). A contrarreferência após o tratamento restaurador ocorreu em 58,7% dos casos finalizados. É necessário um planejamento conjunto do tratamento odontológico entre a atenção básica e secundária e, dentro desta última, entre as especialidades, além de um adequado processo de referência e contrarreferência, visando garantir a integralidade do cuidado e a eficiência e eficácia do serviço.
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate secondary endodontic care at a Dental Specialties Center (DSC) in Belo Horizonte, MG. Data collection used two forms: (1) on endodontic treatment, completed by the endodontists (2) on the restorative treatment, with data from the medical records. The SPSS 22.0 program was used to analyze the results using frequency and percentiles. In total, 452 endodontic procedures were completed in adult patients. The patients had a median of 39 years of age, most were female (69.7%) and had a primary care referral order (96.2%). Most endodontic treatments were performed in upper premolars (23.7%) followed by lower molars (22.3%), using a mixed technique (74.1%) and in a single session (64.2%). The referral for restorative treatment was for the DSC in 81.2% of cases and finished in 24.1% (n = 109). The counter-referral following restorative treatment occurred in 58.7% of the completed cases. It is necessary to jointly plan the dental treatment between primary and secondary care and, within the latter, among the specialties, in addition to an adequate referral and counter-referral process aimed at ensuring comprehensive care and efficient and effective service.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Secondary Care/statistics & numerical data , Regenerative Endodontics/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Oral Health , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dental Clinics/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente de 57 años de edad, mestizo, con antecedentes de artritis reumatoidea y gota, quien acude a la consulta especializada de Dermatología del Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Docente Celia Sánchez Manduley de Manzanillo, provincia de Granma, por presentar lesiones nodulares dolorosas diseminadas. Se realizaron estudios complementarios y biopsia de piel, cuyos resultados permitieron diagnosticar una gota tofácea crónica. El paciente llevaba tratamiento medicamentoso con prednisona, colchicina y metrotexate, pero luego de discutir el caso con los especialistas en medicina interna y reumatología se decidió sustituir la colchicina por el alopurinol(AU)
The case report of a 57 year-old mestizo patient, is presented with a history of rheumatoid arthritis and gout who visited the specialized Dermatology department of Celia Sánchez Manduley Teaching Clinical-Surgical Hospital in Manzanillo, Granma province, for presenting disseminated painful nodular lesions. Complementary studies and skin biopsy were carried out which results allowed to diagnose a chronic . The patient was under drugs treatment with prednisona, colchicina and metrotexate, but after discussing the case with the specialists in internal medicine and rheumatology it was decided to sustitute colchicina by alopurinol(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Arthritis, Gouty/diagnosis , Hyperuricemia , Gout , Uric Acid/metabolism , Secondary CareABSTRACT
Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente de 57 años de edad, mestizo, con antecedentes de artritis reumatoidea y gota, quien acude a la consulta especializada de Dermatología del Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Docente Celia Sánchez Manduley de Manzanillo, provincia de Granma, por presentar lesiones nodulares dolorosas diseminadas. Se realizaron estudios complementarios y biopsia de piel, cuyos resultados permitieron diagnosticar una gota tofácea crónica. El paciente llevaba tratamiento medicamentoso con prednisona, colchicina y metrotexate, pero luego de discutir el caso con los especialistas en medicina interna y reumatología se decidió sustituir la colchicina por el alopurinol.
The case report of a 57 year-old mestizo patient, is presented with a history of rheumatoid arthritis and gout who visited the specialized Dermatology department of Celia Sánchez Manduley Teaching Clinical-Surgical Hospital in Manzanillo, Granma province, for presenting disseminated painful nodular lesions. Complementary studies and skin biopsy were carried out which results allowed to diagnose a chronic . The patient was under drugs treatment with prednisona, colchicina and metrotexate, but after discussing the case with the specialists in internal medicine and rheumatology it was decided to sustitute colchicina by alopurinol.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arthritis, Gouty/diagnosis , Hyperuricemia , Gout , Uric Acid/metabolism , Secondary CareABSTRACT
Apesar das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares serem uma Política Pública - Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PNPIC), de 3 de maio de 2006, sua implantação e continuidade mereceram ser pesquisadas a fim de facilitar essa incorporação em novos equipamentos de saúde devido aos benefícios trazidos a população na promoção, prevenção e restabelecimento da saúde. A presente pesquisa busca analisar o processo de implantação, implementação e continuidade das PICs (Práticas Integrativas e Complementares) em uma Unidade de Medicinas Tradicionais no município de São Paulo, ou seja, no nível de atenção secundária. Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com funcionários conforme sua participação na implantação das PICs no local. A produção dos dados foi feita por meio de análise documental e entrevistas gravadas em áudio com posterior transcrição e análise. A discussão dos resultados foi orientada a partir dos dados de campo e referenciais teóricos que contribuíram na compreensão do objetivo proposto.
Despite the fact that Integrative and Complementary Practices are a Public Policy - National Policy on Integrative and Complementary Practices (PNPIC), dated May 3, 2006, their implementation and continuity deserve to be researched in order to facilitate this incorporation into new health facilities due to the benefits brought to the population in the promotion, prevention and restoration of health. This research aims to analyze the process of implantation, implementation and continuity of ICPs (Integrative and Complementary Practices) in a Traditional Medicines Unit in the municipality of São Paulo, i.e. at the secondary care level. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with employees according to their participation in the implementation of ICPs at the site. Data was collected through document analysis and audio-recorded interviews, which were then transcribed and analyzed. The discussion of the results was based on the field data and theoretical references that contributed to understanding the proposed objective.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , FemaleABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental de 21 estudiantes que cursaban la carrera de medicina, los cuales se encontraban en estado de hipnosis, atendidos en el Hospital General Docente Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba, desde septiembre del 2014 hasta junio del 2015, con vistas a identificar las medidas espectrales de banda ancha sensibles en la determinación de la dominancia cerebral durante dicho estado. Entre las variables analizadas figuraron: nivel de profundidad hipnótica, medidas espectrales de banda ancha y derivación. Se utilizó el estadígrafo false discovery rate como prueba de hipótesis para validar la información estadística y el análisis de varianza multivariado Manova. Los resultados revelaron que el poder relativo theta resultó ser la medida espectral con modificaciones más significativas y mostró un predominio discreto de la energía en el hemisferio izquierdo. Se concluyó que este hallazgo tuvo lugar como consecuencia de las tareas indicadas durante la hipnosis
A quasi-experiment of 21 students that were studying the medicine career, who were in hypnosis state, assisted in Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, was carried out from September, 2014 to June, 2015, aimed at identifying the wide band spectral measures sensitive in the determination of cerebral dominance during this state. Among the analyzed variables we can mention: level of hypnotic depth and spectral measures of wide band and derivation. The false discovery rate stadigraph was used as hypothesis test to validate the statistical information and the Manova multivaried analysis of variance. The results revealed that theta relative power was the spectral measure with more significant modifications and showed a discreet prevalence of energy in the left hemisphere. It was concluded that this finding took place as a consequence of the given tasks during hypnosis
Subject(s)
Dominance, Cerebral/physiology , Electroencephalography/psychology , Hypnosis , Hypnosis/methods , Secondary Care , Models, StatisticalABSTRACT
O objeto deste estudo é a gestão do cuidado em saúde a ser aplicada na unidade de terapia biológica ao paciente com doença crônica não transmissível (DCNT) no campo da atenção secundária. Tem como objetivo geral propor um modelo de gestão do cuidado na atenção secundária em saúde para o paciente com DCNT. Os objetivos específicos são: (i)caracterizar o perfil dos pacientes com DCNT atendidos na unidade de terapia biológica; (ii)explorar o cuidado em saúde prestado ao paciente crônico sob a ótica dos profissionais que atuam na atenção secundária; (iii)avaliar o fluxograma do atendimento da unidade de terapia biológica; (iv)adaptar o fluxograma do atendimento considerando as múltiplas dimensões da gestão do cuidado em saúde; e (v)analisar as possíveis contribuições específicas para o trabalho de Enfermagem. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, exploratória, realizado na unidade de terapia biológica da Policlínica Piquet Carneiro da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, referência no campo da atenção secundária, com 80 pacientes, 14 profissionais de saúde e um funcionário administrativo. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com número CAAE: 70596017.0.0000.5282. A produção dos dados abrangeu grupo focal com os profissionais, e com os pacientes foi utilizado um instrumento de coleta de dados com 32 perguntas fechadas e 2 abertas. Para análise utilizou-se o Epi-Info versão 7.1 e análise descritiva com distribuições de frequências simples e absoluta, onde a maioria era do sexo feminino (68,75%), mais da metade (62,50%) apresentava idade superior a 40 anos e 40% tinham o ensino médio completo. Quase metade (48,75%) declarou ser casada ou conviver com parceiro, ser do ambulatório da gastroenterologia (54%), fazer uso da medicação Infleximabe (55%) e tratar-se há mais de 24 meses (60%). Já para os dados provenientes dos profissionais, recorreu-se à análise de conteúdo, emergindo quatro categorias temáticas, são elas: (i) o impacto da educação em saúde e educação permanente na gestão do cuidado na UTB; (ii) as relações interpessoais entre os pacientes, equipe da UTB e da especialidade; (iii) a sobrecarga dos serviços de saúde no campo da atenção secundária; (iv) a interdisciplinaridade e a influência dos Indicadores de processos de trabalho na gestão do cuidado. Conclui-se que é possível estruturar um modelo de gestão do cuidado em saúde, com base nas análises do processo de trabalho na atenção secundária, pautado no referencial das múltiplas dimensões do cuidado em saúde. Porém, o modelo criado propõe uma sétima dimensão, de caráter epistemológico, que se caracteriza pela interdisciplinaridade. Recomenda-se a elaboração de protocolos clínicos e organizacionais pelos profissionais e gestores do serviço, utilizados como estratégia de enfrentamento de diversos problemas na gestão do cuidado, como foco a padronização de condutas na atenção secundária.
This study was aimed to address the health care management to be applied in the biological therapy unit to the patient with chronic non-communicable disease (CNCD) in the field of secondary care. Its general goal is to propose a model of care management in the secondary care of the patient with CNCD. The specific goals are: (i) to characterize the profile of patients with CNCD served in the biological therapy unit; (ii) to explore the health care provided to the chronic patient from the viewpoint of professionals working in secondary care; (iii) to assess the flow diagram of care in the biological therapy unit; (iv) to adapt the flow diagram of care considering the multiple dimensions of health care management; and (v) to analyze the possible specific contributions to the Nursing work. This study has a qualitative and exploratory approach and was performed in the biological therapy unit of the Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, belonging to the State University of Rio de Janeiro, reference in the field of secondary care, with 80 patients, 14 health professionals and one administrative worker. The study was approved by the Ethics Research Committee with CAAE number: 70596017.0.0000.5282. Data production covered a focus group with professionals, and a data collection instrument was used with 32 closed and 2 open questions with patients. In order to analyze data, we used Epi-Info version 7.1 and descriptive analysis with distributions of simple and absolute frequencies, where most were female (68.75%), more than half (62.50%) were older than 40 years and 40% had completed high school. Almost half (48.75%) reported being married or living with a partner, being assisted in the gastroenterology outpatient clinic (54%), making use of the Infliximabe® medicine (55%) and being treated for more than 24 months (60%). Regarding the data coming from professionals, we used the content analysis technique, giving rise to four thematic categories, namely: (i) the impact of health education and continuing education on care management in BTU; (ii) the interpersonal relationships among the patients, the BTU team and the specialty team; (iii) the overload of health services in the field of secondary care; and (iv) the interdisciplinarity and the influence of the Indicators of work processes in the care management. We can conclude that it is possible to organize a model of health care management, based on the analysis of the work process in secondary care, taking into account the framework of the multiple dimensions of health care. Nevertheless, the model established proposes a seventh dimension, with an epistemological nature, characterized by interdisciplinarity. We recommend the preparation of clinical and organizational protocols by the professionals and managers of the service, which may be used as a strategy to cope with several problems in the care management, focusing on the standardization of behaviors in secondary care.
El objeto de este estudio es la gestión del cuidado en salud que se debe aplicar en la unidad de terapia biológica al paciente con enfermedad crónica no transmisible (DCNT) en el campo de la atención secundaria. Tiene como objetivo general proponer un modelo de gestión del cuidado en la atención secundaria en salud para el paciente con DCNT. Los objetivos específicos son: (i) caracterizar el perfil de los pacientes con DCNT atendidos en la unidad de terapia biológica; (ii) explorar el cuidado en salud ofrecido al paciente crónico bajo la óptica de los profesionales que actúan en la atención secundaria; (iii) evaluar el diagrama de flujo de la atención de la unidad de terapia biológica; (iv) adaptar el diagrama de flujo de la atención considerando las múltiples dimensiones de la gestión del cuidado en salud; y (v) analizar las posibles contribuciones específicas para el trabajo de Enfermería. Se trata de un estudio de enfoque cualitativo, exploratorio, efectuado en la unidad de terapia biológica de la Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, perteneciente a la Universidad del Estado de Río de Janeiro, referencia en el campo de la atención secundaria, con 80 pacientes, 14 profesionales de salud y un funcionario administrativo. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación con el número de CAAE: 70596017.0.0000.5282. La producción de los datos cubrió un grupo focal con los profesionales, y con los pacientes se utilizó un instrumento de recolección de datos con 32 preguntas cerradas y 2 abiertas. Para el análisis, se utilizó el Epi-Info versión 7.1 y análisis descriptivo con distribuciones de frecuencias simple y absoluta, donde la mayoría era del sexo femenino (68,75%), más de la mitad (62,50%) presentaba edad superior a los 40 años y el 40% tenían la enseñanza media completa. Casi la mitad (48,75%) declararon estar casados o conviviendo con un compañero, ser del ambulatorio de gastroenterología (54%), hacer uso de la medicación Infliximabe® (55%) y tratarse por más de 24 meses (60%). En cuanto a los datos procedentes de los profesionales, se utilizó el análisis de contenido, emergiendo cuatro categorías temáticas, que son: (i) el impacto de la educación en salud y de la educación continua en la gestión del cuidado en la UTB; (ii) las relaciones interpersonales entre los pacientes, equipo de la UTB y de la especialidad; (iii) la sobrecarga de los servicios de salud en el campo de la atención secundaria; y (iv) la interdisciplinaridad y la influencia de los Indicadores de procesos de trabajo en la gestión del cuidado. Se concluye que es posible estructurar un modelo de gestión del cuidado en salud, basándose en los análisis del proceso de trabajo en la atención secundaria y en conformidad con la fundamentación de las múltiples dimensiones del cuidado en salud. Sin embargo, el modelo creado propone una séptima dimensión, de carácter epistemológico, que se caracteriza por la interdisciplinaridad. Se recomienda la preparación de protocolos clínicos y organizacionales por los profesionales y gestores del servicio, que serán utilizados como estrategia de lucha contra los diversos problemas en la gestión del cuidado, con miras a la estandarización de conductas en la atención secundaria.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Biological Therapy/nursing , Secondary Care , Health Management , Noncommunicable Diseases/nursing , Nursing Care , Brazil , Nursing Methodology Research , Nurse's Role , Qualitative ResearchABSTRACT
Resumo A atenção secundária em odontologia no Brasil apresenta recursos escassos e em grande parte subutilizados. O desafio consiste em realizar a interface entre a atenção primária à saúde (APS) e a atenção secundária de forma a consolidar o acesso da população à atenção odontológica especializada no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). O objetivo deste artigo é analisar publicações nacionais em língua portuguesa e inglesa sobre a interface entre a atenção secundária e a APS em odontologia na perspectiva da integralidade do cuidado no âmbito do SUS. Revisão integrativa considerando as publicações dos seguintes bancos de dados: SciELO (Scientific Eletronic Library Online), Lilacs (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe), Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed (Literatura Internacional em Ciências da Saúde) e Google Acadêmico. Foram encontrados 966 artigos, dos quais 12 foram utilizados na integra. A cobertura das equipes de saúde bucal (ESB) nas estratégias de saúde da família (ESF), a implantação da APS de forma estruturada, o acesso a atenção secundária, o contrarreferenciamento para APS, os indicadores de desenvolvimento e as condições socioeconômicas e desigualdades na distribuição dos CEO's são fatores que influenciam a integralidade do cuidado em saúde bucal no SUS.
Abstract Secondary care in dentistry in Brazil has scarce and broadly underutilized resources. The challenge is to organize the interface between primary health care (PHC) and secondary care in order to consolidate the population's access to specialist dental care in the Unified Health System (SUS). This article seeks to analyze national publications in Portuguese and English on the interface between secondary health care and primary health care in dentistry from the perspective of comprehensive care in the SUS. It is an integrative review, considering the publications of the following databases: SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature) WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS, PubMed (International Literature on Health Sciences) and GOOGLE SCHOLAR. The search located 966 articles, of which 12 were used in full. Coverage of the oral health teams (ESB) in the family health strategy (ESF), primary health care implementation in a structured way, access to secondary health care, counter-referral to PHC, development of indicators and socioeconomic conditions and inequalities in the distribution of dental specialist centers (CEO) are factors that influence the integrity of oral health care in the SUS.
Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Secondary Care/organization & administration , Dental Health Services/organization & administration , Patient Care Team/organization & administration , Primary Health Care/economics , Socioeconomic Factors , Secondary Care/economics , Brazil , Dental Care/economics , Dental Care/organization & administration , Dental Health Services/economics , Health Services Accessibility , National Health Programs/economics , National Health Programs/organization & administrationABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental de 56 pacientes con diagnóstico de hidrosalpinx, que acudieron a la consulta de Medicina Natural y Tradicional del Hospital General Docente Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba - remitidas de las consultas de Ginecología e Infertilidad -, desde septiembre de 2014 hasta diciembre de 2015, para evaluar la respuesta a la terapia Su Jok. Entre las variables analizadas figuraron: edad, factores de riesgo, manifestaciones clínicas, síndromes tradicionales, evolución clínica y respuesta al tratamiento. En la casuística predominaron las féminas de 30-39 años, la enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica y las infecciones de trasmisión sexual como antecedentes patológicos (71,4 por ciento), el dolor y la secreción vaginal como síntomas principales, así como el estancamiento de Qi de hígado, Qi de riñón no firme y frío-humedad en bazo como síndromes más frecuentes. Finalmente, se logró una evolución favorable y una respuesta adecuada al tratamiento
A quasi-experiment of 56 patients with hydrosalpinx diagnosis that went to the Natural and Traditional Medicine Service of Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba - referred from the Gynecology and Infertility Services -, was carried out from September, 2014 to December, 2015, to evaluate the response to Su Jok therapy. Among the analyzed variables there were: age, risk factors, clinical features, traditional syndromes, clinical course and response to the treatment. In the case material there was a prevalence of women aged 30-39, pelvic inflammatory disease and sexually transmitted infections as pathological history (71.4 percent), pain and vaginal secretion as main symptoms, as well as Qi liver stagnation, not firm Qi kidney and coldness-humidity in spleen as most frequent syndromes. Finally, there was a favorable clinical course and an appropriate response to the treatment
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Complementary Therapies , Pelvic Inflammatory Disease/complications , Fallopian Tube Diseases/therapy , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Salpingitis/therapy , Secondary Care , Pelvic Pain/therapyABSTRACT
Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 25 pacientes con cáncer infectados por el virus del herpes simple bucal, quienes tenían el sistema inmunológico deteriorado debido al tratamiento oncoespecífico, atendidos en la consulta estomatológica del Policlínico de Especialidades del Hospital Provincial Docente Clinicoquirúrgico Saturnino Lora Torres de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero de 2014 hasta igual mes de 2016, a fin de evaluar los resultados del diagnóstico clínico y citopatológico de esta afección. En la casuística prevalecieron el sexo masculino, el dolor como sintomatología clínica, el bermellón del labio inferior como el sitio de mayor incidencia y la quimioterapia como la modalidad terapéutica de mayor reactivación de este agente viral. La citología exfoliativa confirmó la presencia de células epiteliales gigantes multinucleadas con cuerpos de inclusiones intranucleares y necrosis de células infectadas, respectivamente, siendo estos los hallazgos microscópicos más significativos
A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 25 patients with cancer infected by the oral herpes simplex virus was carried out. They had the immunologic system damaged due to oncospecific treatment, assisted in the stomatological service of the Specialties Polyclinic of Saturnino Lora Torres Teaching Clinical Surgical Provincial Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from January, 2014 to the same month in 2016, in order to evaluate the results of the clinical and cytopathologic diagnosis of this disorder. In the case material the male sex and pain as clinical symptomatology, the vermilion of the lower lip as the place of more incidence and chemotherapy as the therapeutic modality of this viral agent higher reactivation prevailed. The exfoliative cytology confirmed the presence of multinucleous giant epithelial cells with bodies of intranuclear inclusions and infected cells necrosis, respectively, being these the most significant microscopic findings
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Radiotherapy , Stomatitis, Herpetic/pathology , Herpes Labialis/therapy , Neoplasms/therapy , Secondary Care , Clinical Diagnosis , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , NecrosisABSTRACT
Se realizó una intervención terapéutica en 118 pacientes con artrosis cervical, atendidos en el Servicio de Rehabilitación Integral del Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Docente Dr Joaquín Castillo Duany de Santiago de Cuba, desde julio de 2013 hasta diciembre de 2014, para evaluar la efectividad de la reflexología podal como modalidad de tratamiento. La muestra fue dividida en 2 grupos (de estudio y control), de 54 integrantes cada uno, pareados por edad y sexo. En ambos grupos, el mayor número de afectados superó los 50 años de edad; asimismo, poco más de dos tercios de los individuos seleccionados mejoraron a los 7 días de evolución y en tan solo 3 sesiones de tratamiento, hasta la resolución definitiva a los 21 días (9 sesiones). Se registró una reacción adversa y se concluyó que esta terapia garantiza una mejoría significativa de los síntomas, de ahí su elevada efectividad, sin consumo excesivo de tiempo
A therapeutic intervention in 118 patients with cervical osteoarthritis was carried out. They were assisted in the Comprehensive Rehabilitation Service of Dr Joaquín Castillo Duany Teaching Clinical Surgical Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from July, 2013 to December, 2014, to evaluate the effectiveness of podal reflexology as a treatment modality. The sample was divided in 2 groups (study group and control group), of 54 members each, paired by age and sex. In both groups, the highest number of affected patients were over 50 years; also, a little more than two thirds of the selected individuals improved at 7 days of the clinical course and with only 3 treatment sessions, until the definitive resolution at 21 days (9 sessions). An adverse effect was registered and it was concluded that this therapy guarantees a significant improvement of symptoms, so its high effectiveness, without excessive consumption of time
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Osteoarthritis/therapy , Complementary Therapies , Joint Diseases/therapy , Massage , Secondary Care , Evaluation of Results of Therapeutic Interventions , Evaluation of the Efficacy-Effectiveness of InterventionsABSTRACT
Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre los aspectos que comprende la confección de una historia clínica, tanto convencional como homeopática. Aunque ambos documentos tienen como fin recoger los datos objetivos proporcionados por el paciente, así como los subjetivos, obtenidos de los exámenes físico y complementario, difieren en cuanto a los síntomas utilizados para el diagnóstico, por lo cual se considera oportuno complementar los criterios al evaluar al paciente desde el punto de vista holístico
A literature review on the aspects involved in making either a conventional or homeopathic medical record was carried out. Although both aim at collecting the objective data provided by the patient, as well as the subjective ones, obtained from the physical and complementary exams, they differ as for the symptoms used for the diagnosis, reason why it is convenient to supplement the approaches when evaluating the patient from the holistic point of view
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Homeopathic Anamnesis , Medical Records , Records , Secondary CareABSTRACT
Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo y transversal, con vistas a identificar las reacciones adversas a medicamentos en el Hospital Provincial Docente Clinicoquirúrgico "Saturnino Lora Torres" de Santiago de Cuba, durante el 2014. Se notificaron 107 reacciones adversas, 73 (68,2 %) por los licenciados en enfermería y 29 (27,1 %) por los médicos; entre ellas sobresalieron: escalofríos, ansiedad y tos. El sexo femenino y las enfermedades concomitantes condicionaron la aparición de dichas reacciones. Primaron los antibacterianos y antihipertensivos como los grupos farmacológicos principales, el factor de crecimiento y el captopril como los medicamentos con mayor incidencia y árnica como remedio homeopático.
A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out, aimed at identifying the adverse reactions to drugs in "Saturnino Lora Torres" Teaching Clinical Surgical Provincial Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, during 2014. One hundred and seven adverse effects were notified, 73 (68.2%) by the Licentiates in Nursing and 29 (27.1%) by the doctors; among them chills, anxiety and cough highlighted. The female sex and the concomitant diseases conditioned the emergence of these reactions. The antibacterial and antihypertensive prevailed as the main pharmacological groups, the growth factor and captopril as the drugs with higher incidence and arnica as homeopathic remedy.
Subject(s)
Pharmaceutical Preparations , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Pharmacovigilance , Secondary CareABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio de intervención terapéutica en 40 pacientes, quienes acudieron al departamento de la Clínica del Dolor de Santiago de Cuba por presentar bursitis del hombro, desde enero hasta diciembre del 2014, con vistas a evaluar la efectividad de la farmacopuntura en dichos pacientes. Entre las variables de interés figuraron: edad, sexo y síntomas más frecuentes. Se halló predominio del sexo masculino (65,0 %) y del dolor (100,0 %). Luego de las 3 primeras sesiones se observó una mejoría, pues 80,0 % de los síntomas desaparecieron. Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron la efectividad de esta terapéutica en 95,0 % de los afectados.
A therapeutic intervention study in 40 patients who went to the Pain Clinic department in Santiago de Cuba due to shoulder bursal synovitis, was carried out from January to December, 2014, aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of pharmacopuncture in these patients. Among the variables of interest there were: age, sex and most frequent symptoms. There was a prevalence of the male sex (65.0%) and pain (100.0%). After the first 3 sessions an improvement was observed, because 80.0% of the symptoms disappeared. The obtained results evidenced the effectiveness of this therapy in 95.0% of those affected.
Subject(s)
Bursitis , Acupuncture , Pain , Secondary CareABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio comparativo, longitudinal y prospectivo de 60 adultos con quemaduras profundas, atendidos en el Hospital General docente "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" de Santiago de Cuba, desde febrero de 2013 hasta igual mes de 2014, para evaluar la efectividad de la terapia regenerativa con plasma rico en plaquetas para la cicatrización de estas lesiones. La muestra fue dividida en 2 grupos de 30 integrantes cada uno: a los del primero se les aplicó plasma rico en plaquetas y a los del segundo sulfadiazina de plata. Se utilizaron las frecuencias absolutas y el porcentaje como medidas de resumen para variables cualitativos, así como la media aritmética y la desviación estándar para las cuantitativas. Con el proceder aplicado la cicatrización se completó en un tiempo menor, de manera que se demostró la efectividad de esta alternativa terapéutica en relación con el tratamiento convencional.
A comparative, longitudinal and prospective study of 60 adults with deep burns, assisted in "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" Teaching General Hospital was carried out in Santiago de Cuba, from February, 2013 to the same month of 2014, to evaluate the effectiveness of the regenerative therapy with platelets rich plasma for the scaring of these lesions. The sample was divided into 2 groups of 30 members each: in those of the first group platelets rich plasma was applied and in those of the second group silver sulfadiazine was used. The absolute frequencies and the percentage were used as summary measures for qualitative variables, as well as the arithmetic mean and the standard deviation for the quantitative ones. With procedure applied, the scaring was completed at the least time, so that the effectiveness of this therapeutic alternative was demonstrated in relation to the conventional treatment.
Subject(s)
Burns , Prolotherapy , Secondary Care , Blood PlateletsABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio de intervención terapéutica en 13 niños con hábito de succión digital, atendidos en la consulta de Ortodoncia del Hospital General Docente "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero hasta diciembre del 2013, a fin de valorar las ventajas de la hipnoterapia en la eliminación de este hábito. La información se procesó mediante el paquete estadístico SPSS/PC y se empleó el porcentaje como medida de resumen para variables cualitativas. En la casuística predominó el sexo femenino, la maloclusión clase II y el hábito de succión intermitente. La mayoría de los afectados necesitaron entre 4 y 6 sesiones de hipnoterapia. A los 6 meses de tratamiento se observó que el mayor porcentaje de los afectados había erradicado esta práctica.
A study of therapeutic intervention in 13 children with habit of digital suction, assisted in the Orthodontics department belonging to "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from January to December, 2013, in order to evaluate the advantages of hypnotherapy in the elimination of this habit. The information was processed by means of the statistical package SPSS/PC and the percentage was used as summary measure for qualitative variables. The female sex, the malocclusion class II and the habit of intermittent suction prevailed in the case material. Most of the affected patients needed between 4 and 6 hypnotherapy sessions. After 6 months of treatment, it was observed that the highest percentage of those affected had eradicated this practice.
Subject(s)
Fingersucking , Hypnosis , Secondary Care , ChildABSTRACT
Se efectuó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo de 27 pacientes de ambos sexos, a quienes se les realizó exéresis de tatuaje y recibieron concentrado de plaquetas en el Servicio de Cirugía Plástica del Hospital General Docente "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" de Santiago de Cuba, durante el periodo 2012-2014, con vistas a caracterizarles. Para el procesamiento de la información se emplearon el paquete estadístico SPSS 11.5, las frecuencias absolutas, el porcentaje, la media aritmética y la desviación estándar. Predominaron los afectados menores de 30 años, varones, con tatuajes que tenían poca densidad, profundidad y menos de 10 000 mm² de superficie, ubicados en la cara anterior del antebrazo. La aplicación del plasma rico en plaquetas disminuyó considerablemente el tiempo de cicatrización y no fue necesario el injerto de piel. La mayoría tuvo una evolución favorable y se sintieron satisfechos con el tratamiento.
An observational, descriptive, longitudinal and prospective study of 27 patients of both sexes to whom tattoo exeresis were carried out and received platelets concentrates in the Plastic surgery Service of "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out during the period 2012-2014, with the aim of characterizing them. For the processing of the information the statistical package SPSS 11.5, the absolute frequencies, the percentage, the arithmetic mean and the standard deviation were used. The affected patients under 30 years, male sex, with tattoos which had little density, depth and less than 10 000 mm² surface, located in the posterior side of the forearm prevailed. The use of the platelet-rich in plasma considerably decreased the time of scaring and the skin graft was not necessary. Most of the patients had a favorable clinical course and felt satisfied with the treatment.
Subject(s)
Tattooing , Prolotherapy , Secondary Care , Blood PlateletsABSTRACT
No Brasil, a Política de Saúde Bucal ao longo da história passou por mudanças significativas em sua forma de prestar assistência, chegando aos dias atuais regida pelo Decreto 7.508/2011, que traz em sua essência a regionalização como forma de aprimorar os serviços de saúde pública. Para se obter assistência resolutiva é necessário prestar serviços nos diferentes níveis hierárquicos do sistema. No que se refere à saúde bucal, o Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas (CEO) se mostra como uma importante ferramenta em atenção secundária para propiciar a integralidade da assistência. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a distribuição geográfica dos CEOs do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, assim como sua série histórica de produção, a fim de aferir a possibilidade de se ter resolutividade com o processo de regionalização da assistência, relacionando os achados com o mais novo componente da Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal, o GraduaCEO. Houve evolução no número de CEOs e de procedimentos em atenção secundária no estado. Apesar de todas as regiões do RN terem a presença de CEOs, o percentual médio de cobertura municipal é de 12,6%, variando de 8% a 80% por região, indicando a necessidade de se rever o planejamento das ações e serviços da rede de saúde bucal, levando em conta a possibilidade de implantação do GraduaCEO (AU).
The Brazilian oral health assistance model has undergone significant changes throughout history. Nowadays, the model is governed by Decree 7,508/2011, which brings in its essence regionalization as a way to improve public health services. To obtain resolutive care is necessary to provide services in different hierarchical levels of the system. With regard to oral health, the Center for Dental Specialties (Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas - CEO) is an important tool in the secondary health care level to provide comprehensive care. This study evaluate the geographical distribution of CEOs in the Rio Grande do Norte (RN) state, as well as its historical productivity data in order to assess the possibility of having resoluteness in the regionalization process of assistance and to relate the findings with the newest component of the National Oral Health Policy, the GraduaCEO. There was an increase in the number of CEOs and dental procedures in secondary care in the RN state. The data collected show CEOs in all RN regions, with an average of municipal coverage of 12.6%, ranging from 8% to 80% by region. These data indicate the need to review the planning of actions and oral health services network, taking into account the possibility of implementation of GraduaCEO (AU).