ABSTRACT
As a constituent of animal cells, myo-inositol (MI) has been hypothesized to be crucial in several metabolic and regulatory pathways. Recently, it was shown that dietary phytase contributes to release of MI from phytate in the poultry digestive tract, increasing its systemic concentrations. This study investigated the activities of phosphatases in the jejunum and systemic plasma MI concentration in broilers not supplemented or supplemented with phytase through analyses based on modifications from commercial enzyme activity kits. Three hundred sixty male Ross 308 broilers were randomly allocated to 24 pens (15 birds per pen) in 4 dietary groups. The positive control group was fed with an adequate basal diet. The negative control group (NC) was fed with a reduced level of P and Ca. Groups Phy1500 and Phy3000 were fed with the NC diet plus 1,500 or 3,000 FTU of phytase per kilogram of feed, respectively. One bird per pen was selected for the measurement of jejunal phosphatase activity; MI concentration in plasma, the liver, and the kidney; and key MI enzyme concentrations (liver inositol monophosphatase 1 [IMPase 1] and kidney myo-inositol oxygenase [MIOX]). Endogenous phytase and alkaline phosphatase activity as well as IMPase 1 and MIOX expression were not statistically different among the dietary groups. The supplementation of 1500 FTU of phytase per kilogram of feed resulted in increase of plasma (P < 0.001) and kidney (P < 0.05) but not liver MI concentrations. The results indicated that systemic MI might reflect MI released from dietary sources; however, it did not appear to change expression of enzymes related to endogenous MI synthesis in the liver and catabolism in the kidney. New and larger studies are necessary to reach stronger evidence on the effects of dietary phytase on intestinal and systemic MI concentrations in broilers.
Subject(s)
6-Phytase , Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Dietary Supplements , Inositol , Jejunum , 6-Phytase/pharmacology , Animal Feed/analysis , Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/drug effects , Animals , Chickens , Diet/veterinary , Inositol/blood , Inositol/metabolism , Jejunum/drug effects , Jejunum/enzymology , Male , Random AllocationABSTRACT
Con la finalidad de evaluar la variabilidad en la concentración de algunos metabolitos secundarios en el grano de diferentes híbridos de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench), y aportar información para su uso más racional en alimentos para animales, se colectaron muestras representativas de 12 híbridos (Criollo 1, Criollo 27, Chaguaramas III, Chaguaramas VII, Cristiani Burkard H-8046-2, Guanipa 95, Himeca 101, Himeca 400, Pioneer 81-G67, Pioneer 83-G88, Pioneer 86-P42 y Tecsem 120) sembrados durante el ciclo 2008 en el área de influencia del municipio Turén, edo. Portuguesa-Venezuela. Aplicando métodos analíticos normalizados, los materiales mostraron contenidos de compuestos fenólicos (0,92 ±0,37 por ciento Eat), taninos totales (0,61 ±0,29 por ciento Eat) y condensados (0,95± 0,65 por ciento ELeu), fósforo fítico (0,17 ± 0,03 por ciento) y actividad de fitasas intrínseca (12,3 ± 6,74 U/kg) ubicados dentro de los valores promedio citados en la literatura, resaltando una importante variación que debe ser considerada al determinar los niveles de inclusión de este cereal en la formulación de raciones balanceadas para especies de interés zootécnico, así como tomarse en cuenta en los programas de mejoramiento genético de este cultivo.
In order to evaluate the variability in concentration of secondary metabolites among grains from different sorghum hybrids (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) and provide some information for rational use in animal feeds, grain samples were collected from 12 hybrids (Criollo 1, Criollo 27, Chaguaramas III, Chaguaramas VII, Cristiani Burkard H-8046-2, Guanipa 95, Himeca 101, Himeca 400, Pioneer 81-G67, Pioneer 83-G88, Pioneer 86-P42 y Tecsem 120) sowed on 2008 in the Turén municipality, Portuguesa State-Venezuela. Using standardized analytical methods, hybrids showed polyphenolics compounds contents (0.92 ± 0.37 percent TaE), total (0.61 ± 0.29 percent TaE) and condensed tannins (0.95 ± 0.65 percent LeuE), phytic phosphorus (0.17 ± 0.03 percent) and intrinsic phytase activity (12.3 ± 6.74 U/kg) in the ranges described in the literature, with an important variation among hybrids that must be considered for their inclusion levels in the formulation of balanced feeds, as well as plant breeding programs.