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1.
Aquichan (En linea) ; 24(2): e2423, 26 abr. 2024.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1566169

ABSTRACT

Introducción: a través de la respiración profunda guiada y consciente, el biofeedback cardiovascular, una herramienta tecnológica innovadora, permite mejorar la coherencia cardiaca y la activación del sistema nervioso parasimpático, fundamentales para recuperar y mantener la homeostasis y la salud psicoemocional. Objetivo: analizar el efecto del biofeedback cardiovascular sobre los parámetros de variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca en profesionales de enfermería. Materiales y método: ensayo clínico aleatorizado con dos grupos ­biofeedback y placebo­ realizado con 115 profesionales de enfermería que trabajaban en unidades de hospitalización clínica y quirúrgica de un hospital universitario, que presentaban un nivel de estrés global superior a 1, según la Escala de Síntomas de Estrés. Los grupos participaron en nueve reuniones a lo largo de tres semanas. El desenlace se evaluó mediante parámetros de rMSSD y coherencia cardiaca al final de cada reunión, medidos con el EmWave Pro Plus®, que utiliza la fotopletismografía para cuantificar los datos fisiológicos relacionados con los latidos del corazón. El análisis se realizó mediante ecuaciones de estimación generalizada, considerando α = 5%. Resultados: se evidenció una interacción significativa tiempo-grupo en los parámetros de coherencia cardiaca; el grupo de intervención presentó un aumento de los parámetros medios de coherencia cardiaca en todos los momentos de medición en comparación con el grupo de control (p < 0,001; r > 0,98). No hubo una interacción significativa entre el tiempo y el grupo en los parámetros rMSSD en ninguno de los tiempos de medición (p = 0,432). Como terapia mente-cuerpo, el biofeedback cardiovascular demostró ser útil y prometedor, ya que al promover la activación parasimpática y la relajación es posible prevenir los efectos deletéreos asociados a los estresores ocupacionales. Conclusión: la intervención con biofeedback cardiovascular tuvo un efecto mayor que el placebo en la mejora de la coherencia cardiaca, lo que se tradujo en la recuperación de la homeostasis del organismo.


Introdução: a partir de uma respiração profunda guiada e consciente, o biofeedback cardiovascular, ferramenta tecnológica inovadora, possibilita melhorar a coerência cardíaca e a ativação do sistema nervoso parassimpático, fundamentais para a recuperação e manutenção da homeostase e da saúde psicoemocional. Objetivo: verificar o efeito do biofeedback cardiovascular sobre os parâmetros da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca dos profissionais da enfermagem. Materiais e método: ensaio clínico randomizado, com dois grupos ­ biofeedback e placebo ­, realizado com 115 profissionais de enfermagem atuantes em unidades de internação clínica e cirúrgica de um hospital universitário, que apresentaram nível geral de estresse maior que 1, conforme a Escala de Sintomas de Estresse. Os grupos participaram de nove encontros por três semanas. O desfecho foi avaliado pelos parâmetros rMSSD e pela coerência cardíaca, ao final de cada encontro, aferidos através do EmWave Pro Plus®, que utiliza fotopletismografia para a quantificação de dados fisiológicos relacionados ao batimento cardíaco. A análise foi feita por equações de estimação generalizadas, considerando α = 5 %. Resultados: evidenciou-se interação tempo-grupo significativa nos parâmetros da coerência cardíaca; o grupo intervenção teve aumento nas médias dos parâmetros da coerência cardíaca em todos os momentos de aferição quando comparado ao grupo controle (p < 0,001; r > 0,98). Não houve interação tempo-grupo significativa nos parâmetros da rMSSD em nenhum dos momentos de aferição (p = 0,432). Como terapia mente-corpo, o biofeedback cardiovascular mostrou-se útil e promissor, ao promover ativação parassimpática e relaxamento possibilita a prevenção de efeitos deletérios associados aos estressores ocupacionais. Conclusão: intervenção com biofeedback cardiovascular demonstrou efeito superior a placebo na melhora da coerência cardíaca, refletindo em recuperação da homeostase do organismo.


Introduction: Through guided and conscious deep breathing, cardiovascular biofeedback, an innovative technological tool that enables improved cardiac coherence and activation of the parasympathetic nervous system, which are vital for recovering and maintaining homeostasis and psycho-emotional health. Objective: To verify the effect of cardiovascular biofeedback on heart rate variability parameters in nursing professionals. Materials and Methods: This is a randomized clinical trial conducted in two groups ­ biofeedback and placebo ­ with 115 nursing professionals working in clinical and surgical inpatient units at a university hospital, who presented an overall stress level higher than 1, according to the Stress Symptom Scale. The groups participated in nine appointments over three weeks. The outcome was assessed by rMSSD parameters and cardiac coherence at the end of each appointment, which were measured using EmWave Pro Plus®, which uses photoplethysmography to quantify physiological data related to the heartbeat. The analysis was performed using generalized estimation equations, considering α = 5 %. Results: There was a significant time-group interaction in cardiac coherence parameters; the intervention group presented an increase in the mean cardiac coherence parameters at all measurement times, when compared to the control group (p < 0.001; r > 0.98). There was no significant time-group interaction in the rMSSD parameters at any of the measurement times (p = 0.432). As a mind-body therapy, cardiovascular biofeedback proved to be useful and promising. By promoting parasympathetic activation and relaxation, it is possible to prevent the deleterious effects associated with occupational stressors. Conclusion: The intervention with cardiovascular biofeedback proved to be superior to placebo in improving cardiac coherence, resulting in the recovery of the body's homeostasis.


Subject(s)
Biofeedback, Psychology , Occupational Health , Clinical Trial , Emotional Adjustment , Nursing, Team
2.
J Fam Psychol ; 38(1): 59-70, 2024 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38032655

ABSTRACT

Adolescence is a unique developmental period marked with significant changes and challenges. As such, maintaining optimal psychological adjustment is crucial for young people, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic when their adjustment became more challenging. Self-control is a vital ability assisting individuals to navigate difficulties and stay well-adjusted during turbulent times. While the associations between adolescent self-control and adjustment have been well-documented, parental self-control has been considered to play a more fundamental role in adolescent adjustment. However, this consideration has received scant research. Drawing on the intergenerational transmission model of self-regulation, we examined an understudied yet plausible idea that parental self-control facilitates adolescent adjustment through parents' lower levels of perceived stress/better mindful parenting and adolescents' improved self-control. A two-wave survey study, spanning 1 year apart, was conducted among 426 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 11.6 years, 53.5% boys) and their parents. Parents rated their self-control, perceived stress, and mindful parenting at T1, while adolescents rated their self-control and adjustment (i.e., psychological difficulties and life satisfaction) at T1 and T2. The results of chain mediation model showed that after controlling for demographic covariates and baseline levels of adolescent self-control and adjustment, T1 paternal self-control facilitated T2 adolescent adjustment through fathers' lower levels of perceived stress and adolescents' improved self-control. By contrast, T1 maternal self-control facilitated T2 adolescent adjustment through mothers' better mindful parenting and adolescents' improved self-control. These findings advance our understanding of how self-control is transmitted from parents to offspring and clarify the processes of how parental self-control facilitates adolescent adjustment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).


Subject(s)
Adolescent Behavior , Self-Control , Male , Female , Humans , Adolescent , Child , Parenting/psychology , Emotional Adjustment , Pandemics , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Parents/psychology , Parent-Child Relations , Mothers/psychology , Stress, Psychological/etiology
3.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 44: e257416, 2024. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1558740

ABSTRACT

O câncer é uma doença crônico-degenerativa, que tem como uma de suas principais características a capacidade de invadir tecidos e órgãos do corpo, favorecendo o crescimento desordenado de células. É uma doença que impacta fortemente a pessoa enferma e todos à sua volta, incluindo sua família e seus amigos. A partir desse cenário, este trabalho visou compreender a visão da criança e o impacto emocional sofrido diante do diagnóstico de câncer da mãe. Buscou-se avaliar, a partir de ferramentas lúdicas e do desenho-estória, o entendimento da criança em relação ao processo de adoecimento materno, tomando como base o referencial psicanalítico para reconhecer como ela lidou com a situação. Participaram desta pesquisa uma mulher de 39 anos com diagnóstico de câncer em remissão e seu filho de 9 anos. Os resultados demonstraram que o adoecimento materno causou impactos emocionais significativos e assustadores para o infante, gerando fantasias irreais relacionadas ao câncer e a si próprio. Dessa forma, considera-se de fundamental importância o cuidado estendido aos familiares do indivíduo doente, a fim de que se tenha um olhar a todos que sofrem diante desse contexto.(AU)


Cancer is a chronic-degenerative disease that has as one of its main characteristics the ability to invade tissues and organs of the body, favoring the disordered cell growth. It is a disease that strongly impacts the sick person and everyone around them, including their family and friends. Based on this scenario, this work aimed to understand the child's view and the emotional impact suffered in the face of the mother's cancer diagnosis. It sought to evaluate, with ludic tools and drawing history, the child's understanding about the mother's illness process, based on the psychoanalytic framework to recognize how they deal with the situation. A 39-year-old woman diagnosed with cancer, in remission, and her 9-year-old son participated in this research. The results showed that the maternal illness caused significant and frightening emotional impacts for the infant, creating unrealistic fantasies related to cancer and to himself. Thus, the care extended to the sick individual's family and to the relatives is considered of fundamental importance, to give a complete care for all those who suffer in this context.(AU)


El cáncer es una enfermedad crónico-degenerativa, que tiene como una de sus principales características la capacidad de invadir tejidos y órganos, favoreciendo un crecimiento desordenado de las células. Enfermedades como esta impactan fuertemente a la persona que está enferma y a todos los que la rodean, incluidos familiares y amigos. Considerando esta situación, este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender la percepción de un niño y el impacto emocional que sufrió ante el diagnóstico del cáncer vivido por su madre. Se pretendió evaluar, utilizando herramientas lúdicas y de dibujo-cuento, la comprensión del niño al proceso de enfermedad materna, buscando reconocer cómo el niño manejó este proceso a partir del referencial teórico psicoanalítico. En esta investigación participaron una mujer de 39 años diagnosticada de cáncer en remisión y su hijo de 9 años. Los resultados mostraron que los impactos emocionales de la enfermedad materna fueron significativos y aterradores para el infante, generando fantasías irreales relacionadas con el cáncer y él mismo. De esta forma, el cuidado extendido a la familia del individuo que está enfrentando esta enfermedad es importante para promover una atención integral a quienes la padecen en este contexto.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adult , Play and Playthings , Drawing , Graphic Novels as Topic , Psychological Distress , Mothers , Neoplasms , Anxiety , Anxiety, Separation , Pain , Paranoid Disorders , Parents , Paternal Behavior , Pathology , Perceptual Defense , Personality , Play Therapy , Psychoanalysis , Psychoanalytic Therapy , Psychology , Psychotherapy , Quality of Life , Rehabilitation , Self Concept , Somatoform Disorders , Sublimation, Psychological , Symbiosis , Therapeutics , Transactional Analysis , Unconscious, Psychology , Breast Neoplasms , Bereavement , Adaptation, Psychological , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Homeopathic Cure , Child Care , Child Rearing , Psychic Symptoms , Chronic Disease , Risk Factors , Parenting , Panic Disorder , Interview , Communication , Conflict, Psychological , Creativity , Affect , Crying , Death , Defense Mechanisms , Depression , Diagnosis , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Ego , Emotions , Disease Prevention , User Embracement , Existentialism , Family Relations , Early Detection of Cancer , Fear , Hope , Emotional Adjustment , Phobia, Social , Treatment Adherence and Compliance , Free Association , Family Separation , Frustration , Patient Care , Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment , Physical Distancing , Genetics , Healthy Life Expectancy , Family Support , Psychological Growth , Coping Skills , Guilt , Happiness , Hospitalization , Imagination , Immune System , Individuation , Life Change Events , Loneliness , Maternal Deprivation , Medical Oncology , Medicine , Mother-Child Relations , Negativism , Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous
4.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 44: e259618, 2024. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1558747

ABSTRACT

A sobrevivência ao câncer de mama é um problema de saúde pública que demanda serviços especializados com foco na reabilitação psicossocial. Entre as necessidades identificadas nesse contexto está o incentivo à adoção de estratégias de promoção de autocuidados pelas mulheres. Uma das estratégias adotadas consiste no grupo de apoio psicológico, que auxilia as pacientes a enfrentar a longa jornada do tratamento. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é compreender os significados produzidos por mulheres com câncer de mama sobre sua participação em um grupo de apoio. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório realizado com dez mulheres com câncer de mama usuárias de um serviço de reabilitação para mastectomizadas. Como referencial metodológico foi utilizada a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista aberta em profundidade e os conteúdos foram transcritos e codificados. A análise indutiva e o método de comparação constante foram aplicados nos processos de codificação aberta, axial e seletiva, que permitiram identificar três categorias nucleares: percepção das atividades realizadas no grupo, identificação de benefícios e barreiras do convívio no grupo e transformações decorrentes da participação. As participantes significaram sua presença no grupo como fonte de acolhimento, apoio, desenvolvimento de recursos pessoais e amizades, contribuindo para promover sua qualidade de sobrevida. Além dos potenciais benefícios, também foram identificadas barreiras que podem dificultar a adesão e continuidade da participação no grupo, o que sugere a necessidade de incorporar no cuidado um olhar para as dimensões subjetivas da saúde da mulher.(AU)


Surviving breast cancer is a public health problem and depends on services focused on psychosocial rehabilitation. Healthcare providers must encourage women to adopt strategies to promote their self-care. The psychological support group is a resource that helps women to face the long journey of treatment. This study aimed to understand the meanings women with breast cancer produced about their participation in a support group. This exploratory cross-sectional study was carried out with 10 women with breast cancer who use a rehabilitation service for mastectomized patients. Grounded Theory was used as a methodological reference. An open in-depth interview was applied for data collection. The contents were transcribed and coded. Inductive analysis and the constant comparison method were applied in the open, axial, and selective coding processes, which enabled the identification of three core categories: perception of the activities carried out in the group, identification of benefits and barriers of living in the group, and transformations resulting from participation. Participants denote their involvement with the group as a source of shelter, support, development of personal resources and friendships that helps promoting quality of life. Besides these potential benefits, participants also evinced barriers that can hinder adherence and continuity of participation in the group, suggesting the importance of incorporating a look at the subjective dimensions of women's health into care.(AU)


Sobrevivir al cáncer de mama es un problema de salud pública que depende de los servicios centrados en la rehabilitación psicosocial. Entre las necesidades identificadas en esta materia se encuentra el uso de estrategias para promover el autocuidado. Uno de los recursos que ayuda a afrontar el largo camino del tratamiento es el grupo de apoyo psicológico. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer los significados que producen las mujeres con cáncer de mama sobre su participación en un grupo de apoyo. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio, realizado con diez mujeres con cáncer de mama usuarias de un servicio de rehabilitación para mastectomizadas. Como referencia metodológica se utilizó la teoría fundamentada en los datos. Se aplicó una entrevista abierta en profundidad para la recogida de datos, cuyos contenidos fueron transcritos y codificados. El análisis inductivo y el método de comparación constante se aplicaron en los procesos de codificación abierta, axial y selectiva, lo que permitió identificar tres categorías centrales: percepción de las actividades realizadas en el grupo, identificación de los beneficios y las barreras de vivir en el grupo y transformaciones resultantes de la participación. Las mujeres denotan su participación en el grupo como una fuente de acogida, apoyo, desarrollo de recursos personales y amistades, que ayuda a promover la calidad de vida. Además de los beneficios potenciales, también se identificaron barreras que pueden dificultar la adherencia y continuidad de la participación en el grupo, lo que sugiere la necesidad de incorporar en la atención una mirada centrada en las dimensiones subjetivas de la salud de las mujeres.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Psychotherapy, Group , Self-Help Groups , Breast Neoplasms , Mental Health , Grounded Theory , Oncology Nursing , Anxiety , Anxiety Disorders , Pathologic Processes , Patient Care Team , Personal Satisfaction , Physical Examination , Psychology , Psychomotor Performance , Radiotherapy , Relaxation , Religion , Self Care , Self-Care Units , Self Concept , Sleep Wake Disorders , Social Responsibility , Social Support , Socialization , Socioeconomic Factors , Stress, Physiological , Awareness , Yoga , Complementary Therapies , Breast Diseases , Activities of Daily Living , Cancer Care Facilities , Bereavement , Women's Health Services , Grief , Mammography , Biomarkers , Exercise , Mastectomy, Segmental , Family , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Survival Rate , Risk Factors , Morbidity , Mortality , Range of Motion, Articular , Self-Examination , Treatment Outcome , Panic Disorder , Mammaplasty , Breast Self-Examination , Comprehensive Health Care , Meditation , Chemoprevention , Life , Breast Implantation , Wit and Humor , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Hormone Replacement Therapy , Patient Freedom of Choice Laws , Crisis Intervention , Cysts , Personal Autonomy , Death , Information Dissemination , Interdisciplinary Communication , Heredity , Depression , Depressive Disorder , Diagnosis , Drug Therapy , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Emotions , Family Therapy , Early Detection of Cancer , Fatigue , Resilience, Psychological , Fertility , Molecular Targeted Therapy , Catastrophization , Chemoradiotherapy , Courage , Emotional Adjustment , Self-Control , Cancer Pain , Healthy Lifestyle , Surgical Oncology , Psychosocial Support Systems , Survivorship , Psycho-Oncology , Mentalization , Posttraumatic Growth, Psychological , Sadness , Emotional Regulation , Psychological Distress , Preoperative Exercise , Mentalization-Based Therapy , Family Support , Psychological Well-Being , Coping Skills , Emotional Exhaustion , Health Promotion , Holistic Health , Ancillary Services, Hospital , Immunotherapy , Leisure Activities , Life Change Events , Life Style , Mastectomy , Medical Oncology , Mental Disorders , Neoplasm Staging
5.
J Am Coll Health ; 71(5): 1584-1595, 2023 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34437827

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study examined rumination as a mediator of the relationship between dispositional mindfulness (DM) and depression, loneliness, and anxiety, while considering gender as a moderator of these mediation models. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred and nineteen undergraduate students (49.5% female; M = 18.90 years) participated with data collected from January 2018 to April 2019. METHODS: Self-report measures of DM, rumination, symptoms of anxiety and depression, loneliness, and social support were completed. RESULTS: Males scored significantly higher than females on DM, while females scored significantly higher than males on rumination and psychological distress. Rumination mediated the relationship between DM and all adjustment variables. The mediation model predicting depression was moderated by gender, showing stronger effects for females than males. CONCLUSION: Results support rumination as a mechanism underlying the association between DM and psychological adjustment and suggest that targeting both DM and rumination could maximize the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions for college students' well-being.


Subject(s)
Emotional Adjustment , Mindfulness , Personality , Students , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Rumination, Cognitive , Self Report , Sex Factors , Students/psychology , Students/statistics & numerical data , Universities , United States
6.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e254081, 2023. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1440799

ABSTRACT

Este artigo pretende conhecer como a rede de cuidados em saúde tem se operacionalizado a partir da percepção de familiares de crianças com demanda de cuidado em saúde mental (SM). Foram realizados dois grupos focais, um com familiares da Atenção Básica (AB) e outro com familiares do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infantojuvenil (CAPSij), totalizando 15 participantes. Seguiu-se com a análise lexical do tipo classificação hierárquica descendente, com o auxílio do software R Interface, a fim de análises multidimensionais de textos e questionários (IRaMuTeQ), resultando em cinco classes: A Pílula Mágica; Forças e Fraquezas dos serviços; Procurando por ajuda; Aceitando o diagnóstico da criança e Onde procurei ajuda. Os resultados apontam para dificuldades presentes na AB em identificar e manejar situações de Saúde Mental Infantojuvenil (SMIJ), por meio de uma lógica ainda medicalizante. Ressalta-se que a escola é apresentada como lugar de destaque na produção da demanda por cuidado e a família ainda é pouco convocada à construção das ações. Conclui-se, então, que avanços ainda são necessários para operacionalização de um cuidado pautado nas diretrizes da política de SMIJ.(AU)


This article aims to know how the healthcare network has been operationalized from the perception of family members of children with demand for mental health care (MH). Two focus groups were held, one with family members from Primary Care (PC) and the other with family members from the Child Psychosocial Care Center (CAPSij), totaling 15 participants. A lexical analysis of the descending hierarchical classification type was performed with the help of the software R Interface for multidimensional analyzes of texts and questionnaires (IRAMUTEQ), resulting in five classes: The Magic Pill; Strengths and Weaknesses of services; Looking for help; Accepting the child's diagnosis; and Where did I look for help. The results point to difficulties present in PC in identifying and managing situations of mental health in children and adolescents (MHCA), with a medicalization logic. Note that the school is presented as a prominent place in producing the demand for care, and the family is still not very much involved in the actions. It is, thus, concluded that advances are still needed for operationalization of care guided by MHCA policy guidelines.(AU)


Este artículo tuvo por objetivo conocer cómo opera una red asistencial a partir de la percepción de familiares de niños con demanda de atención en salud mental (SM). Se realizaron dos grupos focales, uno con familiares de Atención Primaria (AP) y otro con familiares del Centro de Atención Psicosocial Infantojuvenil (CAPSij), totalizando 15 participantes. Se realizó análisis léxico del tipo clasificación jerárquica descendente con la ayuda del software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (IRAMUTEQ), lo que resultó en cinco clases: "La píldora mágica"; "Fortalezas y debilidades de los servicios"; "En busca de ayuda"; "Aceptar el diagnóstico del niño" y "¿Dónde busqué ayuda?". Los resultados apuntan las dificultades presentes en AP para identificar y manejar situaciones de salud mental infantojuvenil (SMIJ) mediante una lógica aún medicalizante. La escuela tiene un lugar destacado en la producción de la demanda de cuidados y la familia aún no está muy involucrada en la construcción de acciones. Se concluye que se necesitan avances para ofertar una atención guiada por lineamientos de la política del SMIJ.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Child , Adolescent , Intersectoral Collaboration , Mental Health Assistance , Health Policy , Anxiety Disorders , Parents , Patient Escort Service , Pediatrics , Play and Playthings , Play Therapy , Prejudice , Professional-Family Relations , Professional-Patient Relations , Proprioception , Psychoanalysis , Psychology , Psychomotor Disorders , Psychotherapy , Psychotic Disorders , Referral and Consultation , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity , Self Care , Autistic Disorder , Social Alienation , Social Environment , Social Isolation , Social Support , Socialization , Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms , Therapeutics , Violence , Mainstreaming, Education , Shyness , Neurosciences , Adaptation, Psychological , Patient Acceptance of Health Care , Health Centers , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Comorbidity , Child Advocacy , Child Behavior Disorders , Child Care , Child Development , Developmental Disabilities , Child Language , Occupational Therapy , Cognition , Communication Disorders , Neurobehavioral Manifestations , Stereotypic Movement Disorder , Behavioral Disciplines and Activities , Disabled Children , Affect , Crying , Aggression , Dermatitis, Contact , Diagnosis , Dissociative Disorders , Dyslexia , Echolalia , Education , Education of Intellectually Disabled , Education, Special , Emotions , Family Conflict , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences , Medication Adherence , Apathy , Acceptance and Commitment Therapy , Emotional Adjustment , Literacy , Neurodevelopmental Disorders , Autism Spectrum Disorder , Orientation, Spatial , Applied Behavior Analysis , Cognitive Remediation , Emotion-Focused Therapy , Pediatricians , Data Analysis , Sadness , Psychological Distress , Social Interaction , Health Services Accessibility , Human Rights , Hyperkinesis , Intelligence , Interpersonal Relations , Anger , Language Disorders , Learning , Learning Disabilities , Loneliness , Malpractice , Mental Disorders , Intellectual Disability , Nervous System Diseases , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
7.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e255712, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1529208

ABSTRACT

Com o advento da covid-19, foi declarado estado de emergência de saúde pública e decretadas medidas de isolamento e distanciamento social para conter a propagação da doença. O Conselho Federal de Psicologia, considerando a importância do acolhimento seguro durante a pandemia, publicou a Resolução CFP nº 4/2020, permitindo que serviços psicológicos aconteçam de maneira remota. O presente estudo visa, através do Método da Cartografia, apresentar a construção de um setting on-line para intervenções grupais e os desafios na oferta de acolhimento e atendimento remoto. Foram ofertados grupos terapêuticos, por meio da plataforma Google Meet, para estudantes da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Um diário de bordo foi produzido para acompanhar as forças que atravessavam e constituíam o território e a experiência grupal remota. Compreendemos que o território-espaço-grupal-on-line era composto pelo espaço virtual em que nos reuníamos, pelos espaços individuais de cada integrante e pelas forças que os atravessavam. Observamos que nem sempre os participantes dispunham de um lugar privado, mas estiveram presentes no encontro com câmeras e áudios abertos e/ou fechados e/ou através do chat da videochamada. A participação no grupo funcionou como alternativa no momento de distanciamento social, sendo uma possibilidade para o atendimento psicológico em situações de dificuldade de encontros presenciais; entretanto, se mostrou dificultada em diversos momentos, pela falta de equipamentos adequados e instabilidade na internet, fatores que interferiram nas reuniões e impactaram na possibilidade de falar e escutar o que era desejado.(AU)


With the advent of COVID-19, a state of public health was declared, and measures of isolation and social distance to contain the spread of the disease was decreed. The Federal Council of Psychology, considering the importance of safe reception during the pandemic, published CFP Resolution No. 4/2020, allowing psychological services to happen remotely. This study narrates, via the Cartography Method, the experience of inventing an Online Setting for group reception. Therapeutic groups were offered, via Google Meet Platform, to students at the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro. A logbook was produced to accompany the forces that crossed and constituted the territory and the remote group experience. We understand that the territoryspace-group-online was composed by the virtual-space that we gathered, by the individualspaces of each member and by the forces that crossed them. We observed that the participants did not always have a private place, but they were present at the meeting with open and/or closed cameras and audio and/or through the video call chat. Participation in the group worked as an alternative at the time of social distancing, being a possibility for psychological care in situations of difficulty in face-to-face meetings, however, it proved to be difficult at various times, due to the lack of adequate equipment and instability on the internet, factors that interfered in meetings and impacted the possibility of speaking and listening to what was desired.(AU)


La llegada de la COVID-19 produjo un estado de emergencia de salud pública, en el que se decretaron medidas de confinamiento y distanciamiento físico para contener la propagación de la enfermedad. El Consejo Federal de Psicología, considerando la importancia de la acogida segura durante la pandemia, publicó la Resolución CFP nº 4/2020, por la que se permite la atención psicológica remota. Este estudio tiene por objetivo presentar, mediante el método de la Cartografía, la elaboración de un escenario en línea para la intervención grupal y los desafíos en la oferta de acogida y atención remota. Grupos terapéuticos se ofrecieron, en la plataforma Google Meet, a estudiantes de la Universidad Federal Rural de Río de Janeiro. Se elaboró un diario para acompañar a las fuerzas que atravesaron y constituyeron el territorio y la experiencia remota del grupo. Entendemos que el territorio-espacio-grupo-en línea estaba compuesto por el espacio-virtual que reunimos, por los espacios individuales de cada integrante y por las fuerzas que los atravesaban. Observamos que los participantes no siempre tenían un lugar privado y que estaban presentes en la reunión con cámaras y audio abiertos y/o cerrados y/o por el chat de la videollamada. La participación en el grupo funcionó como una alternativa en el momento del distanciamiento físico y revela ser una posibilidad de atención psicológica en situaciones de dificultad en los encuentros presenciales, sin embargo, se mostró difícil en varios momentos, ya sea por la falta de medios adecuados o por inestabilidad en Internet, factores que interferían en las reuniones e impactaban en la posibilidad de hablar y escuchar lo que se deseaba.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Psychology , Attitude , Answering Services , Internet-Based Intervention , Teleworking , COVID-19 , Anxiety , Personal Satisfaction , Preceptorship , Professional Practice Location , Psychoanalysis , Psychology, Social , Quality of Life , Safety , Social Identification , Social Values , Socialization , Socioeconomic Factors , Speech , Students , Teaching , Unemployment , Universities , Work , Behavior , Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms , Work Hours , Attitude to Computers , Medical Informatics Applications , Bereavement , Single Parent , Family , Catchment Area, Health , Cell Adhesion , Cell Communication , Quarantine , Communicable Disease Control , Mental Health , Life Expectancy , Universal Precautions , Infection Control , Employment, Supported , Communication , Mandatory Testing , Confidentiality , Privacy , Imagery, Psychotherapy , Psychotherapeutic Processes , Internet , Crisis Intervention , Personal Autonomy , Death , Trust , Codes of Ethics , Depression , Air Pollution , Educational Status , Disease Prevention , Centers of Connivance and Leisure , Professional Training , Faculty , Family Relations , Fear , Emotional Intelligence , Return to Work , Hope , Social Skills , Emotional Adjustment , Optimism , Healthy Lifestyle , Work-Life Balance , Mentoring , Sadness , Respect , Solidarity , Psychological Distress , Social Integration , Transtheoretical Model , Psychosocial Intervention , Listening Effort , Social Cohesion , Belonging , Cognitive Training , Diversity, Equity, Inclusion , Psychological Well-Being , Household Work , Humanities , Individuality , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders , Interpersonal Relations , Learning , Life Change Events , Motivation , Object Attachment
8.
J Manipulative Physiol Ther ; 45(1): 45-56, 2022 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35753876

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to identify social and clinical factors associated with levels of functional disability (FD) in older adults with low back pain (LBP) in the city of Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 557 adults with LBP aged ≥60 years was completed. Sociodemographic and clinical features, pain intensity (Numeric Rating Scale), FD (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire), physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-short version), body mass index, educational level, health perception, emotional level, and self-reported diseases were evaluated. Statistical analysis was used to verify the association between quantitative variables and a group; Student t test or Mann-Whitney test, and analysis of variance (normality assumption) or Kruskal-Wallis test (non-parametric), P value of less than .05. RESULTS: There were 81.3% female participants, 54.9% self-reported their race and/or skin color as brown, and 37.8% were sedentary. Pain intensity scores were 6.26 ± 2.19 in female participants and 5.82 ± 1.84 in male participants. Mean FD scores were 11.68 ± 6.08 for female participants and 9.61 ± 5.76 for males participants, although 39.7% of the total group presented with severe disability (score ≥14) and FD was associated with female sex (P = .001), physical activity (P≤ 0.001), body mass index (P≤ .001), emotional level (P < .001), and health perception (P < .001). CONCLUSION: In this group of older adults with LBP, FD was associated with female sex, level of physical activity, body mass index, emotional level, and health perception. Many factors that were identified with FD are modifiable; therefore, interventions, such as nutrition education and re-conceptualization of self-emotional and health perception, may have potential to help in preventing and reducing FD.


Subject(s)
Disabled Persons , Low Back Pain , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Body Mass Index , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Disability Evaluation , Disabled Persons/psychology , Emotional Adjustment , Exercise , Female , Humans , Low Back Pain/physiopathology , Low Back Pain/psychology , Low Back Pain/therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Pain Measurement , Sex Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires
9.
J Relig Health ; 60(6): 4209-4226, 2021 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34275034

ABSTRACT

Religious coping is a double-edged sword. Clarification of the psychological benefits for positive religious coping requires statistical controls for negative religious coping and vice versa. This study sought to further explore the complexities of Muslim religious coping by extending the analysis to Afghans who coped with the sufferings associated with recollections of childhood and adolescent sexual abuse. Two hundred Dari Persian-speaking Afghan university students (122 identified having experience of childhood sexual abuse) self-reported on variables that measure religious orientation, religious coping, Muslim experiential religiousness, mental health, and child abuse. Results showed that negative religious coping interfered with the possibly beneficial effects of positive religious coping on mental health and child abuse. After controlling for negative religious coping, the associations of positive religious coping became obvious. In addition, Muslim spirituality moderated the associations of religious coping with mental health outcomes and child abuse: for people with higher Muslim spirituality, positive religious coping associated with better mental health, and negative religious coping associated with less child abuse. Implications for religious coping and combating trauma in a religious context are discussed.


Subject(s)
Islam , Sex Offenses , Adaptation, Psychological , Adolescent , Afghanistan , Child , Emotional Adjustment , Humans , Religion and Psychology , Spirituality
10.
Aval. psicol ; 20(2): 191-200, abr.-jun. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1285436

ABSTRACT

Diante da necessidade de reflexão sobre processos de adaptação transcultural de instrumentos avaliativos utilizados no contexto de Cuidados Paliativos, este estudo teve por objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura e analisar estratégias metodológicas e cuidados técnicos para sua implementação à luz das diretrizes propostas pela International Test Commission. Foi realizada busca eletrônica nas bases indexadoras PubMed, BVS e SciELO, cruzando-se palavras-chave/descritores: cross-cultural adaptation, translation, validation, palliative care, end-of-life, no período entre 2006 e 2019. Foram selecionados artigos publicados em português, espanhol ou inglês, voltados à adaptação para o Brasil de instrumentos avaliativos em Cuidados Paliativos, totalizando 12 artigos para análise na íntegra. As etapas de adaptação transcultural foram apresentadas, porém poucos estudos descreveram o conjunto de categorias internacionalmente recomendadas. Essa baixa adesão às diretrizes internacionais sugere necessidade de maior sistematização metodológica e detalhamento dos resultados das pesquisas. (AU)


Considering the need for reflection on the processes of cross-cultural adaptation of assessment instruments used in the context of Palliative Care, this study aimed to conduct an integrative literature review and analyze methodological strategies and technical care for their implementation, considering the guidelines proposed by the International Test Commission. An electronic search was performed in the PubMed, BVS and SciELO indexing databases, crossing the keywords/descriptors: cross-cultural adaptation, translation, validation, palliative care, and end-of-life, for publications between 2006 and 2019. Articles published in Portuguese, Spanish or English, which focused on adapting Palliative Care assessment instruments to Brazil were selected, retrieving 12 articles for full analysis. The steps of cross-cultural adaptation were presented, however few studies described the set of internationally recommended categories. This low adherence to international guidelines suggests the need for greater methodological systematization and detailing of research results. (AU)


Ante la necesidad de reflexionar sobre los procesos de adaptación transcultural de los instrumentos de evaluación utilizados en el contexto de los Cuidados Paliativos, este estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar una revisión integradora de la literatura y analizar estrategias metodológicas y cuidados técnicos para su implementación a la luz de las directrices propuestas por la Internacional Test Commission. Se realizó una búsqueda electrónica en las bases de datos de indexación PubMed, BVS y SciELO, vinculando palabras clave/descriptores: cross-cultural adaptation, translation, validation, palliative care, end-of-life, entre 2006 y 2019. Fueron seleccionados artículos publicados en portugués, español o inglés, orientados a la adecuación de instrumentos de evaluación en Cuidados Paliativos a Brasil, recuperando a 12 artículos para análisis completo. Se presentaron etapas de adaptación transcultural, pero pocos estudios describieron el conjunto de categorías recomendadas internacionalmente. Esta baja adherencia a las directrices internacionales sugiere la necesidad de mayor sistematización metodológica y pormenorización de los resultados de investigación. (AU)


Subject(s)
Palliative Care/psychology , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Psychometrics/methods , Emotional Adjustment
11.
J Athl Train ; 56(5): 518-528, 2021 May 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34000016

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Spiritual well-being is the expression of one's spirituality as measured in the dimensions of existential and religious well-being. The Smith Cognitive Affective Model of Athletic Burnout suggests that personality factors such as spiritual well-being and the use of religious coping methods may affect burnout as well as its causes and outcomes. This has not been examined in collegiate athletic trainers (ATs). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between spiritual well-being and burnout in collegiate ATs. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Web-based survey. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: A total of 783 certified ATs employed full time in the collegiate setting participated. Part-time employees (eg, graduate assistants, interns) were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): A 100-item online questionnaire was created for this study. It used items from previously developed scales, including the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, the Brief RCOPE, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and substance-use questions from the Monitoring the Future study. Participants were able to complete the survey in approximately 10-15 minutes. Multiple regression analyses were used to analyze survey data. We mapped all independent (existential well-being, religious well-being, positive and negative religious coping) and dependent variables (situational variables, Maslach Burnout Inventory burnout subscales, substance use, and intention to leave) onto the Smith Cognitive-Affective Model of Athletic Burnout to determine which variables altered burnout levels, substance use, and intention to leave. Tests of mediation or moderation were conducted when appropriate. RESULTS: Existential well-being was a significant positive predictor of social support and a significant negative predictor of work-family conflict, decreased sense of personal accomplishment, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, intention to leave the profession, and binge drinking. Existential well-being also served as a mediator or moderator in several components of the model. CONCLUSIONS: Existential well-being was a protective factor against burnout as well as some of the causes and effects of burnout in collegiate ATs.


Subject(s)
Adaptation, Psychological , Athletes/psychology , Burnout, Professional , Mental Health , Spirituality , Adult , Burnout, Professional/prevention & control , Burnout, Professional/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Emotional Adjustment , Employment/psychology , Female , Humans , Male , Protective Factors , Social Support , Universities
12.
Work ; 68(3): 525-541, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33612502

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Over the past few months, there has been a significant increase in mortality and morbidity due to Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Less attention has been paid to stigmatism, psychological well-being, hope, and religiosity, and how these may impact a patient's recovery. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to detect the difference in religiosity, hope, self-stigma, and psychological well-being (PWB) due to demographic variables (age, education level, social status, and level of income). Additionally, the research sought to test the mediation role of religiosity and hope in the relationship between self-stigma and psychological well-being among COVID-19 patients. METHOD: A random sample of 426 COVID-19 patients answered an online questionnaire that contained four scales (Religiosity, Hope, stigma, and PWB). The data collected from the study participants were analyzed quantitatively by using One-way ANOVA, Exploratory Factor Analysis EFA, Confirmatory Factor Analysis CFA, and Structural Equation Model (IBM SPSS statistics 21, and Amos v.25). RESULTS: The current results showed statistically significant differences due to age in hope and well-being, in favor of the sample members belonging to the age group from 30 years old and over old, while there were no differences in religiosity and stigma due to age. There were no differences due to education level in religiosity, hope, stigma, and well-being. Results showed statistically significant differences in well-being in favor of the married group, while there were no differences in religiosity, hope, and stigma due to social status. Regarding the effect of income level in the study variables, the results showed no differences due to religiosity, hope, stigma, and well-being. Moreover, the findings found that both religiosity and hope play a mediating role. CONCLUSION: Religiosity and hope play a mediating role in the relationship between stigma associated with COVID-19 and psychological well-being. These results indicate several strategies to reduce the adverse effects of the stigma associated with COVID-19 and increase well-being among COVID-19 patients.


Subject(s)
COVID-19/psychology , Hope , Social Stigma , Spirituality , Adaptation, Psychological , Adult , Aged , COVID-19/diagnosis , Emotional Adjustment , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Religion , Religion and Psychology , SARS-CoV-2 , Surveys and Questionnaires
13.
Stress Health ; 37(1): 140-150, 2021 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32909383

ABSTRACT

According to the mindfulness stress buffering hypothesis, mindfulness protects individuals from negative effects of stress. Prior investigations focused on the potential of mindfulness for reducing internalizing symptoms for adults in the context of general stress. We provided the first test of the mindfulness stress buffering hypothesis in the context of both adolescent general stress and interparental conflict (IPC) in relation to internalizing and externalizing, as well as sleep. Participants were 150 adolescents who reported dispositional mindfulness, perceived stress, IPC, internalizing, and externalizing. Participants wore an actigraph which objectively measured sleep for a week. Results suggested a stress buffering effect of mindfulness for the effects of general stress on internalizing symptoms at trend levels. Mindfulness stress buffering was not evident in relation to externalizing or sleep, or for the effect of IPC appraisals on adjustment or sleep. Greater IPC appraisals were associated with greater sleep onset latency, but mindfulness was not associated with objective measures of sleep quality or quantity. This study indicates that mindfulness may protect adolescents from the internalizing problems that often result from general stress, but that these stress buffering effects of mindfulness may not generalize to all types of stressors or adjustment/health outcomes.


Subject(s)
Mindfulness , Personality , Stress, Psychological , Adolescent , Emotional Adjustment , Humans , Sleep , Stress, Psychological/psychology
14.
J Nerv Ment Dis ; 209(2): 106-113, 2021 02 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33235180

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: The impact of religiosity and spirituality (R/S) on mental health and the importance of incorporating R/S in mental health treatment have been previously explored. However, clarification is needed regarding the effects of R/S in the process of recovery from persistent mental disorders (PMDs). This study identifies how different R/S factors correlate with the stages of recovery, while considering individual psychological well-being and perceived social support. Seventy-five individuals who use Madrid's public services for people with PMD completed questionnaires assessing those factors. We found that during the recovery process, R/S correlated with psychological well-being and perceived social support, and that these variables were associated with the five stages of recovery differently. We further identified the importance of gratitude, compassion, inner peace, and connection with life in the recovery process. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of these R/S variables in particular recovery stages for individuals with PMD.


Subject(s)
Mental Disorders/psychology , Religion and Medicine , Spirituality , Chronic Disease/psychology , Emotional Adjustment , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Remission Induction , Social Support , Surveys and Questionnaires
15.
Rev. abordagem gestál. (Impr.) ; 26(3): 351-360, set.-dez. 2020. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1136946

ABSTRACT

A esperança pode ser definida como uma expectativa voltada ao momento futuro que pode servir de fator protetivo às adversidades. Este trabalho buscou investigar a esperança no contexto dos processos de saúde, doença e morte a partir do conceito de ajustamento criativo que origina-se de uma perspectiva de base fenomenológica desenvolvida por Fritz Perls (1977). Por meio de uma revisão narrativa de caráter qualitativo, buscou-se definir o que está sendo veiculado sobre esperança somado à psicologia hospitalar nas bases de dados Scielo, PsycINFO e Google Acadêmico. Utilizaram-se os artigos publicados do período de 2001 a 2018. Os materiais encontrados foram descritos e discutidos através dos preceitos da Gestalt Terapia. A partir das reflexões teóricas realizadas entende-se que a esperança pode servir como uma forma de ajustar-se criativamente a um período crítico de doenças graves ou terminalidade posto que se faz de suporte para o enfrentamento da realidade. Espera-se que este trabalho possibilite que o profissional de saúde realize reflexões, redirecionando o olhar para os funcionamentos saudáveis nos processos de saúde e doença de modo que vise fortalecer as potencialidades e a retomada de respostas espontâneas e criativas de seus pacientes.


Hope can be defined as a forward-looking expectation that can serve as a protective factor to adversity. This work sought to investigate hope in the context of health, disease and death processes from the concept of creative adjustment that originates from a phenomenological perspective developed by Fritz Perls. Through a qualitative narrative review, we sought to define what is being published about hope in addition to hospital psychology in the databases Scielo, PsycINFO and Google Scholar. Materials published from the period 2001 to 2018 were used. The materials found were described and discussed through the precepts of Gestalt Therapy. From the theoretical reflections carried out it can be understood that hope can serve as a way of creatively adjusting to a critical period of serious illnesses or terminality, since it becomes a support for facing reality. It is hoped that this work will enable the health professional to make reflections, redirecting the look to healthy workings in health and illness processes in order to strengthen the potentialities and the recovery of spontaneous and creative responses of their patients.


La esperanza puede ser definida como una expectativa volcada al momento futuro que puede servir de factor protector a las adversidades. Este trabajo buscó investigar la esperanza en el contexto de los procesos de salud, enfermedad y muerte a partir del concepto de ajuste creativo que se origina desde una perspectiva de base fenomenológica desarrollada por Fritz Perls (1977). Por medio de una revisión narrativa de carácter cualitativo, se buscó definir lo que está siendo vehiculado sobre esperanza sumado a la psicología hospitalaria en las bases de datos Scielo, PsycINFO y Google Académico. Se utilizaron los artículos publicados del período de 2001 a 2018. Los materiales encontrados fueron descritos y discutidos a través de los preceptos de la Gestalt Terapia. A partir de las reflexiones teóricas realizadas se entiende que la esperanza puede servir como una forma de ajustarse creativamente a un período crítico de enfermedades graves o terminalidad puesto que se hace de soporte para el enfrentamiento de la realidad. Se espera que este trabajo posibilite que el profesional de salud realice reflexiones, redireccionando la mirada hacia los funcionamientos saludables en los procesos de salud y enfermedad de modo que viste fortalecer las potencialidades y la reanudación de respuestas espontáneas y creativas de sus pacientes.


Subject(s)
Death , Emotional Adjustment , Gestalt Therapy
16.
Psychol Health ; 35(9): 1049-1074, 2020 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32046499

ABSTRACT

Objective and Design: In a pragmatic, randomised, waitlist-controlled trial we tracked 250 first-year university students who were randomly assigned to 3 months of a mindfulness meditation app (Headspace) to use at their discretion in either semester 1 (intervention, n = 124) or semester 2 (waitlist, n = 126). Main Outcome Measures: Students reported their distress, college adjustment, resilience, self-efficacy, and mindfulness, at 3 timepoints: the beginning of semester 1, the beginning of semester 2, and the end of the academic year. With participants' permission, the university provided academic achievement data and Headspace provided app use data. Results: Evidence for improvements in distress at the beginning of semester 2 was weak (intervention vs. waitlist) and app use was low (M = 7.91, SD = 15.16 sessions). Nevertheless, intervention participants who used the app more frequently reported improvements in psychological distress (-5 points, R2 change = .12) and college adjustment (+10 points, R2 change = .09) when compared to non-users. App initiation and persistence beyond the first week was higher when the app was provided in semester 1 than semester 2 (66.1% vs. 44.4%; 46.0% vs. 32.5%). Conclusion: Headspace use was associated with small improvements in distress and college adjustment in first-year university students. Intervening at the beginning of the academic year may encourage uptake.


Subject(s)
Emotional Adjustment , Meditation/psychology , Mindfulness , Mobile Applications , Psychological Distress , Psychotherapy/methods , Students/psychology , Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , New Zealand , Students/statistics & numerical data , Treatment Outcome , Universities , Waiting Lists , Young Adult
17.
Neuropsychol Rehabil ; 30(7): 1388-1407, 2020 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30789008

ABSTRACT

Yoga is a holistic practice that - when incorporated effectively into neurorehabilitation - has potential to meet the complex needs of persons with acquired brain injury (ABI). This systematic review, conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, investigated cognitive, physical, and psychological outcomes following controlled trials of yoga for ABI. The search returned six eligible studies, four of which focused specifically on stroke rehabilitation. For persons with ABI broadly, within-group improvements were found after yoga for psychological and physical adjustment, quality of life, and respiratory functioning. For stroke specifically, physical and memory recovery was greater in the yoga group vs. exercise control, and within-group improvements were noted for motor functioning, self-efficacy, and quality of life outcomes. Lack of (1) between-group analyses despite the inclusion of control groups, and (2) a common yoga rehabilitation protocol including frequency, length, and duration of yoga must be addressed in future research to establish efficacy of these interventions. Considerations for psychophysiological outcome measures and cultural factors are presented in the context of future research and clinical directions.


Subject(s)
Brain Injuries/complications , Brain Injuries/rehabilitation , Cognitive Dysfunction/rehabilitation , Emotional Adjustment , Neurological Rehabilitation , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Quality of Life , Self Efficacy , Yoga , Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology , Humans
18.
Neuropsychol Rehabil ; 30(7): 1348-1371, 2020 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30789059

ABSTRACT

This study i⁠nvestigated if an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) intervention (ACT-Adjust) can facilitate psychological adjustment and reduce psychological distress following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). The study design comprised a single centre, two-armed, Phase II pilot randomized controlled trial. Nineteen individuals with severe TBI (PTA ≥7 days) who met a clinical threshold for psychological distress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21; DASS > 9) were randomly allocated to either ACT-Adjust (n = 10) or an active control, Befriending Therapy (n = 9), in conjunction with a holistic rehabilitation programme. Primary (psychological flexibility, rehabilitation participation) and secondary (depression, anxiety & stress) outcomes were measured at three-time points (pre, post and follow up). Significant decreases were found for DASS-depression (group by time interaction, F 1,17 = 5.35, p = .03) and DASS-stress (group by time interaction, F 1,17 = 5.69, p = .03) in comparison to the Befriending group, but not for the primary outcome measures. The reduction in stress post-treatment was classed as clinically significant, however interaction differences for stress and depression were not maintained at one month follow up. Preliminary investigations indicate potential for ACT in decreasing psychological distress for individuals with a severe TBI with further sessions required to maintain treatment gains. The pilot results suggest further investigation is warranted in a larger scale clinical trial.


Subject(s)
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy , Anxiety/therapy , Brain Injuries, Traumatic/psychology , Brain Injuries, Traumatic/rehabilitation , Depression/therapy , Emotional Adjustment , Psychological Distress , Stress, Psychological/therapy , Adult , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Pilot Projects , Severity of Illness Index , Young Adult
19.
J Am Coll Health ; 68(4): 403-410, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30908172

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study examined the relative contribution of five dispositional mindfulness (DM) facets and two aspects of social support along with sex in predicting psychological adjustment. Participants: Three hundred fifty-three undergraduates (72% female; M = 18.82 years) participated with data collected from September 2014 through March 2016. Methods: Self-report measures of DM, social support, perceived stress, and emotional well-being were completed. Results: Sex and higher scores on specific mindfulness facets (ie, nonreactivity, nonjudging) predicted lower stress and greater emotional well-being. Higher family support predicted lower stress, whereas friend support predicted greater emotional well-being. The mindfulness facets were stronger predictors of adjustment than the social support domains. Females reported higher perceived stress and lower emotional well-being than males, and males scored significantly higher on total mindfulness, nonjudging, and nonreactivity. Conclusions: Results have implications for mindfulness-based interventions with college students such that focusing on the nonjudging and nonreactivity facets may enhance effectiveness.


Subject(s)
Emotional Adjustment , Mindfulness/methods , Social Support , Students/psychology , Adolescent , Emotions , Family Relations , Female , Humans , Male , Mental Health , Personality , Self Report , Sex Factors , Stress, Psychological/epidemiology , Universities , Young Adult
20.
Res Dev Disabil ; 96: 103537, 2020 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31783274

ABSTRACT

The current study examined the relationships of typically developing (TD) children with siblings with and without intellectual disabilities (ID), as expressed in TD children's drawings and questionnaires answered by TD children and their mothers. It also examined group differences in the sibling relationships, as well as the associations between having a sibling with or without ID and sibling relationships, and TD children's social-emotional adjustment. Participants were mothers and their TD children (8-13 years). Some had ID siblings ID (N=28); others had TD siblings (N=31). Sibling relationships were examined via mothers' and target children's completion of questionnaires, and objective visual indicators (location, size, distance) and observed content-based indicators (support, investment, presence of parents) of children's drawings were assessed following the art-based phenomenological analytic approach. Mothers reported on children's social-emotional adjustment. Findings indicated differences in sibling relationships, including higher levels of positive relationships for children with ID siblings. Children's drawings also showed positive relationship aspects for these children. Sibling relationship qualities were significantly associated with children's adjustment. Children's drawings may be a useful data gathering tool to deepen our understanding of unique aspects of sibling relationships.


Subject(s)
Art Therapy , Intellectual Disability , Sibling Relations , Siblings , Adolescent , Avoidance Learning , Case-Control Studies , Child , Competitive Behavior , Emotional Adjustment , Empathy , Family Conflict , Female , Humans , Male , Pictorial Works as Topic , Social Adjustment , Teaching
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