Evidence of Hematoma Prevention After Facelift.

Hematoma is a common complication after facelift procedures. Multiple factors have been shown to increase the risk of hematoma formation, such as male gender, anticoagulant medication use, perioperative hypertension, increased intrathoracic pressure, and operative technique. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide an overview of existing literature to provide surgeons with evidence-based recommendations on how to minimize hematoma risk during facelift surgery. A literature search for hematoma and facelift surgery was performed that identified 478 unique manuscripts. Abstracts were reviewed, excluding articles not describing facelift surgery, those written before 1970, studies with a sample size of fewer than 5 patients, non-English studies, and those that did not provide postoperative hematoma rates. Forty-five articles were included in this text, with their recommendations. Measures such as the prophylactic management of pain, nausea, and hypertension, the use of fibrin glue tissue sealants, the use of local anesthesia rather than general anesthesia, and strict blood pressure control of at least <140 mmHg were found to significantly reduce hematoma formation. Quilting sutures has shown benefit in some high-risk patients. Measures such as drains, compression dressings, perioperative use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and perioperative steroids had no significant effect on hematoma formation. In addition to appropriate patient selection and careful intraoperative hemostasis, many adjunct measures have been shown to reduce postoperative hematoma formation in facelift procedures.

[THE COMBINATION OF HIGH-FREQUENCY ELECTRICAL STIMULATION AND FIBRIN GLUE IN THE TREATMENT OF DECUBITAL ULCERS IN PATIENTS AFTER BRAIN DAMAGE: A PILOT STUDY].

Aim - to improve the results of treatment of decubital ulcers (DU) in combination therapy of high-frequency electrical stimulation (HFS) and fibrin glue (FG). The authors carried out a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the combined method of treatment of decubital ulcers using high-frequency electrical stimulation (HFS) and fibrin glue (FG). All patients included in the pilot project, 22 people with a stage III pressure ulcer and who are in chronic critical condition after various brain damage. During the dressings, high-frequency stimulation was carried out with an EHVCh-250 "KiK Medimaster" electrosurgical apparatus, which generates alternating currents of the radio frequency (RF) range (0.3-3.0 MHz) for 28 days, and then (the main group), cryoprecipitate (fibrin glue) within 21 days. For comparison, the results obtained were compared with those in 25 people with DU treated according to the generally accepted method with the use of standard drugs (levomekol, levosin). HFS has a beneficial effect on all stages of a complicated wound process, promotes wound cleansing, activation of early granulation growth and marginal epithelialization. And the subsequent use of fibrin glue causes an even greater prevalence of proliferative processes over inflammatory processes in the tissues, which also contributes to a decrease in exudation, further growth of granulation tissue and an increase in epithelization processes. The use of this combination in the treatment of decubital ulcers can be used in complex conservative therapy in the treatment of pressure ulcers.

TGF-ß loaded exosome enhances ischemic wound healing in vitro and in vivo.

Rationale: With over seven million infections and $25 billion treatment cost, chronic ischemic wounds are one of the most serious complications in the United States. The controlled release of bioactive factor enriched exosome from finbrin gel was a promising strategy to promote wound healing. Methods: To address this unsolved problem, we developed clinical-grade platelets exosome product (PEP), which was incorporate with injectable surgical fibrin sealant (TISSEEL), to promote chronic wound healing and complete skin regeneration. The PEP characterization stimulated cellular activities and in vivo rabbit ischemic wound healing capacity of TISSEEL-PEP were performed and analyzed. Results: PEP, enriched with transforming growth factor beta (TGF-ß), possessed exosomal characteristics including exosome size, morphology, and typical markers including CD63, CD9, and ALG-2-interacting protein X (Alix). In vitro, PEP significantly promoted cell proliferation, migration, tube formation, as well as skin organoid formation. Topical treatment of ischemic wounds with TISSEEL-PEP promoted full-thickness healing with the reacquisition of hair follicles and sebaceous glands. Superior to untreated and TISSEEL-only treated controls, TISSEEL-PEP drove cutaneous healing associated with collagen synthesis and restoration of dermal architecture. Furthermore, PEP promoted epithelial and vascular cell activity enhancing angiogenesis to restore blood flow and mature skin function. Transcriptome deconvolution of TISSEEL-PEP versus TISSEEL-only treated wounds prioritized regenerative pathways encompassing neovascularization, matrix remodeling and tissue growth. Conclusion: This room-temperature stable, lyophilized exosome product is thus capable of delivering a bioactive transforming growth factor beta to drive regenerative events.

The effect of fibrin glue on the postoperative lymphatic leakage after D2-lymphadenectomy and gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer.

INTRODUCTION: Disturbance in the lymphatic drainage during D2 dissection is associated with significant morbidity. We aimed to assess the effect of fibrin glue on the reduction of postoperative lymphatic leakage. METHODS: Prospective double-blinded randomized clinical trial with forty patients in each study arm was conducted. All patients diagnosed, staged, and became a candidate for D2 dissection based on NCCN 2019 guideline for gastric cancer. The intervention group received 1 cc of IFABOND® applied to the surgical bed. RESULTS: The difference between study groups regarding age, gender, tumor stage was insignificant. (All p-values > 0.05). The median daily drainage volume was 120 ml with the first and the third interquartile being 75 and 210 ml, respectively for the intervention group. The control group had median, the first, and the third interquartile of 350, 290, and 420 ml. The difference between daily drainage volumes was statistically significant (p-value < 0.001). The length of hospital stay was significantly different between the two groups. Notably, the intervention group was discharged sooner (median of 7 Vs 9 days, p-value: 0.001). CONCLUSION: This study showed the possible role of fibrin glue in reducing postoperative lymphatic leakage after gastrectomy and D2 dissection. Registration trial number: IRCT20200710048071N1, 2020.08.16.

The effect of platelet-rich plasma-fibrin glue dressing in combination with oral vitamin E and C for treatment of non-healing diabetic foot ulcers: a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: The current study assesses the effects of platelet-rich plasma-fibrin glue (PRP-FG) dressing along with oral vitamin E and C on wound healing and biochemical markers in patients with non-healing diabetic foot ulcers (non-healing DFU). METHODS: This randomized controlled trial was performed on 25 patients with non-healing DFU. Patients were treated with PRP-FG dressing plus oral vitamin E and C (intervention group) or PRP-FG dressing plus placebo (control group) for 8 weeks. RESULTS: Eight weeks after treatment, six wounds in the intervention group and two wounds in the control group were completely closed, and also wound size significantly reduced in both intervention and control groups (p < 0.05). This reduction in wound size was significantly greater in the intervention group compared to the control group (p = 0.019). Also, a significant decrease in prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) , ESR, and hs-CRP was observed in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our results showed that PRP-FG dressing along with oral vitamin E and C could be used to increase wound healing in patients with non-healing DFU by enhancing the wound healing process and reducing oxidative stress. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (CT.gov identifier: NCT04315909).

Preventing Post Dural Puncture Headache after Intrathecal Drug Delivery System Implantation Through Preventive Fibrin Glue Application: A Retrospective Study.

BACKGROUND: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage resulting in post dural puncture headache (PDPH) is a frequent adverse effect observed after intrathecal drug delivery system (IDDS) implantation. CSF leakage symptoms negatively affect patient quality of life and can result in additional complications. Fibrin glue was used to treat CSF leakage syndrome. We developed a procedure to reduce the incidence of PDPH by preventing CSF leakage with the use of fibrin glue during surgery. OBJECTIVES: The main outcome criterion for this study was the incidence of PDPH syndrome after IDDS implantation with or without preventive fibrin glue application during the procedure. STUDY DESIGN: We designed a monocentric retrospective cohort study to compare the incidence of PDPH due to CSF leakage syndrome after lumbar puncture in patients with an implanted intrathecal pump, with or without preventive fibrin glue application during the procedure. SETTING: The study was held in the Anesthesiology and Pain department of the  Integrative Cancer Institute (ICO), Angers - France. METHODS: The study compared 2 patient cohorts over 2 successive periods. Fibrin glue was injected into the introducer needle puncture pathway after placement of the catheter immediately following needle removal. RESULTS: The no-glue group included 107 patients, whereas the glue group included 92 patients.Two application failures were observed (2.04%). Fibrin glue application results in a significant decrease in PDPH incidence, from 32.7% in the no-glue group to 10.92 % (P < 0.001) in the glue group. In regard to severity, in the no-glue group, 37.1% of PDPH syndromes were mild, 34.3% were moderate, and 28.6% were severe. In the fibrin glue group, 80% of PDPH syndromes were mild, and 20% were moderate. No severe PDPHs were reported after fibrin glue application. Duration of symptoms was also statistically shorter in the fibrin glue group (maximum of 3 days vs. 15 days in the no-glue group). In a univariate analysis, preventive fibrin glue application and age are significant to prevent PDPH. In multivariate analysis, only fibrin glue application was statistically significant (odds ratio, 0.26; P = 0.0008). No adverse effects linked to fibrin glue were observed. LIMITATIONS: The main limitation of this study is its retrospective nature. In addition, this study is from a single center with a potential selection bias and a center effect. CONCLUSIONS: The novel use of fibrin glue is promising in terms of its effect on PDPH and its safety profile. Its moderate cost and reproducibility make it an affordable and efficient technique.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of medical treatments for the management of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) is a benign, poorly understood disorder that is difficult to manage. Medical interventions such as sucralfate, sulfasalzine, human fibrin, and a high fibre diet are reported as the first line of treatment. The aim of this study is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of medical treatments for SRUS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Databases including PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase were searched for randomised clinical trials (RCT) and observational studies that evaluated medical treatments for SRUS. Two authors independently performed selection of eligible studies based on eligiblity criteria. Data extraction from potentially eligible studies was carried out according to predefined data collection methods. Medical treatments, including sucralfate, sulfasalzine, human fibrin, a high fibre diet, and psyllium powder as a single or combination therapy were compared to placebo alone or combined with other treatments. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with ulcer remission; this was presented as pooled prevalence (PP) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The I2 value and Q statistic test were used to test for heterogeneity. In the presence of heterogeneity, a random-effects model was applied. RESULTS: A total of 9 studies with 216 patients (males = 118, females = 98) diagnosed with SRUS were analysed in the final meta-analysis. The pooled effect estimate of treatment efficacy revealed that, of the patients receiving medical treatment, 57% had resolution of their ulcers (PP 0.57; 95% CI; 0.41 to 0.73). Statistically significant heterogeneity was observed (I2 = 63%; τ2 = 0.64, P= <0.01). The scarcity of RCTs comparing medical treatments with other interventions was a major limitation. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients receiving medical treatment for the management of SRUS experience resolution of their ulcers.

Controversies in the management of vesicovaginal fistula.

Achieving 100% closure and continence rate in the management of vesicovaginal fistulas remains a challenge. There is still debate about several aspects of the care including the following.

Effectiveness of Fibrin Sealant Patch in Reducing Drain Volume after Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection in Women with Gynecologic Malignancy.

BACKGROUND: The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of fibrin sealant in decreasing postoperative lymphatic drainage in women after pelvic lymphadenectomy and/or para-aortic lymphadenectomy during gynecologic cancer surgery. METHODS: This study is a retrospective case-control study. Forty-five patients who underwent staging surgery were enrolled. Twenty-seven patients were in the fibrin sealant group (group A) and 18 in the control group (group B). The two groups were compared for the total volume of drain, hospital stay, harvested lymph node, and incidence of asymptomatic lymphocele. Lymphocele formation was evaluated by computed tomography (CT) on 3 months after surgery. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in patient demographics between group A and B with respect to age, BMI, and harvested lymph nodes. Patients who received fibrin sealants had reduced total volume of drainage from postoperative days 2 to 5 compared to the control group (group A versus group B: 994.819 ± 745.85 ml versus 1847.89 ± 1241.41 ml; P = 0.015). However no differences were observed in hospital stay (P = 0.282), duration of drain (P = 0.207), and incidence of asymptomatic lymphocele at 3 months (P = 0.126). CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that the application of fibrin sealants after pelvic and/or para-aortic lymphadenectomy may reduce lymphatic drainage in gynecologic malignancy.

Stimulation of morphofunctional repair of the facial nerve with photobiomodulation, using the end-to-side technique or a new heterologous fibrin sealant.

This research evaluated the influence of Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) on lesions of the facial nerve repaired with the end-to-side technique or coaptation with a new heterologous fibrin sealant. Thirty-two Wistar rats were separated into 5 groups: Control group (CG), where the buccal branch of the facial nerve was collected; Experimental Suture Group (ESG) and Experimental Fibrin Group (EFG), in which the buccal branch was end-to-side sutured to the zygomatic branch on the right side of the face or coaptated with fibrin sealant on the left side; Experimental Suture Laser Group (ESLG) and Experimental Fibrin Laser Group (EFLG), in which the same procedures were performed as the ESG and EFG, associated with PBMT (wavelength of 830nm, energy density 6.2J/cm2, power output 30mW, beam area of 0.116cm2, power density 0.26W/cm2, total energy per session 2.16J, cumulative dose of 34.56J). The laser was applied for 24s/site at 3 points on the skin's surface, for a total application time of 72s, performed immediately after surgery and 3 times a week for 5weeks. A statistically significant difference was observed in the fiber nerve area between the EFG and EFLG (57.49±3.13 and 62.52±3.56µm2, respectively). For the area of the axon, fiber diameter, axon diameter, myelin sheath area and myelin sheath thickness no statistically significant differences were found (p<0.05). The functional recovery of whisker movement occurred faster in the ESLG and EFLG, which were associated with PBMT, with results closer to the CG. Therefore, PBMT accelerated morphological and functional nerve repair in both techniques.

Effects of low-level laser therapy on autogenous bone graft stabilized with a new heterologous fibrin sealant.

Autogenous bone grafts are used to repair bone defects, and the stabilization is needed for bone regeneration. Laser photobiomodulation is a modality of treatment in clinical practice for tissue regeneration, and it has therapeutic effects as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic and modulating cellular activity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on an autogenous bone graft integration process stabilized with a new heterologous fibrin sealant. Forty rats were divided into two groups: Autogenous Fibrin Graft (AFG, n=20), in which a 5mm dome osteotomy was conducted in the right parietal bone and the graft was adhered to the left side using fibrin sealant; and Autogenous Fibrin Graft Laser (AFGL, n=20), which was subjected to the same procedures as AFG with the addition of LLLT. The treatment was performed immediately following surgery and then three times a week until euthanasia, using an 830nm laser (30mW, 6J/cm(2), 0.116cm(2), 258.6mW/cm(2), 2.9J). Five animals from each group were euthanized at 10, 20, 30 and 40days postoperative, and the samples were submitted to histomorphological and histomorphometric analysis. Partial bone regeneration occurred, with new bone tissue integrating the graft to the recipient bed and small areas of connective tissue. Comparative analysis of the groups at the same intervals revealed minor interfaces in group AFGL, with statistically significant differences (p<0.05) at all of the analyzed intervals (10days p=0.0087, 20days p=0.0012, 30days p<0.0001, 40days p=0.0142). In conclusion, low-level laser therapy stimulated bone regeneration and accelerated the process of integration of autogenous bone grafts.

Restoration of the pubourethral ligament with platelet rich plasma for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence.

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a major health problem, which affects nearly 20% of adult women and has a detrimental impact on their daily activities and quality of life. Several surgical techniques have been proposed for the treatment of SUI including the Burch colposuspension, retropubic mid-urethral slings (TVT), trans-obturator tapes (TOT), trans-obturator tapes inside out (TVT-O), bladder neck injections and the insertion of an artificial urethral sphincter. All of these treatments aim to either restore the urethral support, which is naturally preserved by the pubourethral ligament (PUL) or to increase the urethral resistance at rest. Most surgical techniques are associated with a variety of intraoperative and postoperative complications. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is extremely rich in growth factors and cytokines, which regulate tissue reconstruction and has been studied extensively among trauma patients and trauma experimental models. To date, however, there is no evidence to support or oppose its use in women who suffer from SUI due to PUL damage. PRP is an easily produced and relatively inexpensive biologic material. It is produced directly from the patient's blood and is, thus, superior to synthetic materials in terms of potential adverse effects such as from foreign body reaction. In the present article we summarize the existing evidence in the field, which supports the conduct of animal experimental and clinical studies to elucidate the potential role of PRP in treating SUI.

The new heterologous fibrin sealant in combination with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in the repair of the buccal branch of the facial nerve.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in the repair of the buccal branch of the facial nerve with two surgical techniques: end-to-end epineural suture and coaptation with heterologous fibrin sealant. Forty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group (CG) in which the buccal branch of the facial nerve was collected without injury; (2) experimental group with suture (EGS) and experimental group with fibrin (EGF): The buccal branch of the facial nerve was transected on both sides of the face. End-to-end suture was performed on the right side and fibrin sealant on the left side; (3) Experimental group with suture and laser (EGSL) and experimental group with fibrin and laser (EGFL). All animals underwent the same surgical procedures in the EGS and EGF groups, in combination with the application of LLLT (wavelength of 830 nm, 30 mW optical power output of potency, and energy density of 6 J/cm(2)). The animals of the five groups were euthanized at 5 weeks post-surgery and 10 weeks post-surgery. Axonal sprouting was observed in the distal stump of the facial nerve in all experimental groups. The observed morphology was similar to the fibers of the control group, with a predominance of myelinated fibers. In the final period of the experiment, the EGSL presented the closest results to the CG, in all variables measured, except in the axon area. Both surgical techniques analyzed were effective in the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries, where the use of fibrin sealant allowed the manipulation of the nerve stumps without trauma. LLLT exhibited satisfactory results on facial nerve regeneration, being therefore a useful technique to stimulate axonal regeneration process.

Interventions to Decrease Postoperative Edema and Ecchymosis after Rhinoplasty: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

BACKGROUND: Today, minimally invasive procedures are becoming more popular because of the fast recovery. Rhinoplasty is a common facial plastic surgery procedure that can be associated with significant postoperative morbidities, especially periorbital edema and ecchymosis. The aim of this review is to summarize the results of published literature that studied interventions that decrease postoperative edema and ecchymosis after rhinoplasty, and provide evidence-based strategies for surgeons to incorporate into practice. METHODS: A systematic review of the PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE databases was performed to investigate interventions studied to decrease postoperative edema and ecchymosis after rhinoplasty. After inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, articles were grouped into one of the following categories: corticosteroids, other medications and herbal supplements, interventions to decrease intraoperative bleeding, other postoperative interventions, and surgical techniques. RESULTS: A total of 50 articles were included for review. Fourteen articles studied corticosteroids exclusively, whereas another 10 articles reviewed other medications and herbal supplements. Nine articles evaluated methods to decrease intraoperative bleeding during rhinoplasty, and four articles studied postoperative interventions to decrease edema and ecchymosis. Thirteen articles studied various surgical techniques to decrease postoperative morbidities. CONCLUSIONS: There was a consensus within the literature that steroids, intraoperative hypotension, intraoperative cooling, and head elevation postoperatively decrease postoperative edema and ecchymosis, whereas nasal packing and periosteal elevation before osteotomy increased these postoperative morbidities. Studies of herbal supplements may be incorporated into practice with minimal risk to the patient. More studies must be performed before recommending an external or internal approach to lateral osteotomy.

ENDOSCOPIC SHIELDING OF RECTOURETHRAL FISTULA AFTER LAPAROSCOPIC RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; REPORT OF A CASE.

Rectourethral fistulais a relatively rare complication of radical prostatectomy but is extremely difficult to treat. We report a case with post-laparoscopic radical prostatectomy rectourethral fistula, treated with only endoscopic shielding.A 75-year-old man had undergone laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer, cT2cN0M0. Although there was no finding of rectal injury during the operation, pneumaturia, pyuria and diarrhea appeared at postoperative day 21 and diagnosed rectourethral fistula by colonoscopy and amidotrizoic acid enema. The fistula did not close spontaneously. Four months after the prostatectomy, we treated with endoscopic shielding by use of polyglycolic acid sheets and fibrin glue. The fistula have not recurred for 20 months after the endoscopic procedure.This method is simple and less-invasive for patients. We think it is worth trying this method before surgical management for narrow rectourethral fistula following radical prostatectomy.

Estudo comparativo entre as técnicas de sutura término-lateral e coaptação com selante de fibrina na regeneração do nervo facial, associada ou não ao laser de baixa potência / Comparative study between the techniques of end-to-side suture and coaptation with fibrin sealant in the facial nerve regeneration, associated or not to the low-power laser

As lesões na face estão mais comuns na sociedade atual, envolvendo acidentes automobilísticos, quedas ou consequências iatrogênicas após procedimentos. Essas lesões podem afetar os nervos responsáveis pela musculatura facial repercutindo em alterações físicas, emocionais e psicossociais, por exemplo, no sistema estomatognático, na voz, na expressão e estética faciais, nos sentimentos e convívio social do indivíduo. Pesquisas atuais estão almejando melhores técnicas para o processo de reparo nervoso periférico e reabilitação funcional dessas lesões. As técnicas tradicionais como sutura epineural término-lateral e coaptação por meio de selante de fibrina são utilizadas com essa finalidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a reparação do ramo bucal do nervo facial lesionado por meio da técnica términolateral de duas diferentes formas: sutura epineural e o novo selante heterólogo de fibrina, associadas ou não ao tratamento com laser de baixa potência. Foram utilizados trinta e dois ratos (Rattus norvegiccus, Wistar) com 80 dias de vida, distribuídos aleatoriamente em Grupo Controle (GC; n=8), e Grupos Experimentais (Grupo Experimental Sutura - GES e Grupo Experimental Fibrina – GEF; n=12; Grupo Experimental Sutura Laser – GESL e Grupo Experimental Fibrina Laser – GEFL; n=12). Os animais do GC não receberam intervenção cirúrgica; no GES foi realizado, no lado direito da face, a secção do ramo bucal do nervo facial, onde o coto proximal foi suturado à tela subcutânea e o coto distal suturado de forma término-lateral ao ramo zigomático do nervo facial; no GEF, no lado esquerdo da face, foram realizados os mesmos procedimentos do GES, porém foi utilizada a coaptação com selante de fibrina do coto distal. Os grupos GESL e GEFL, além das técnicas descritas, receberam tratamento com aplicação de Laser Arseneto de Gálio Alumínio (GaAlAs), pulso contínuo, comprimento de onda de 830 nm, 6 J/cm2, por 24 segundos, três vezes por semana durante cinco semanas, em três...

The injuries on the face are more common in today's society, involving motor vehicle accidents, falls or iatrogenic consequences after procedures. These injuries can affect the nerves responsible for facial muscles reflecting in physical, emotional and psychosocial changes, for example in the stomatognathic system, in voice, facial expression and aesthetics, feelings and social life of the individual. Current researches are aiming best techniques to the process of peripheral nerve repair and functional rehabilitation of these injuries. Traditional techniques such as end-to-side epineural suture coaptation by fibrin sealants are used for this purpose. The objective of this study was to evaluate the repair of buccal branch of the facial nerve injured by end-toside technique in two different ways: epineural suture and the new heterologous fibrin sealant, associated or not to treatment with low power laser. Thirty-two rats (Rattus norvegicus, Wistar) were used. They were 80 days old and were randomly divided into Control Group (CG, n=8) and Experimental Groups (Experimental Suture Group – ESG and Experimental Fibrin Group - EFG; n=12; Experimental Suture Laser Group – ESLG and Experimental Fibrin Laser Group - EFLG; n=12). The CG animals did not receive surgery; the ESG was performed on the right side of the face, the section of the buccal branch of the facial nerve, where the proximal stump was sutured to the subcutaneous tissue and the distal stump sutured end-to-side portion of the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve; EFG on the left side of the face, the same procedures were carried ESG, but was used coaptation with fibrin sealant of the distal stump. The groups ESLG and EFLG, and the techniques described, have been treated with the application of Laser Gallium Aluminum Arsenide (GaAlAs), continuous pulse, wave length 830 nm, 6J /cm2 for 24 seconds, three times per week for five weeks, at three points of the local operated from both sides. It also...

Effectiveness of a new gelatin sealant system for dural closure.

OBJECTIVES: Watertight dural closure is imperative after neurosurgical procedures because inadequately treated leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can have serious consequences. In this study, the authors test the use of a new gelatin glue as a dural sealant in in vitro and in vivo canine models of transdural CSF leakage. METHODS: The in vitro model was sutured semicircles of canine dura mater and artificial dural substitute. The sutures were sealed with gelatin glue (n  =  20), fibrin glue (n  =  20), or a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based hydrogel sealant (n  =  20). Each sample was set in a device to measure water pressure, and pressure was increased until leakage occurred. Bonding strength was subjectively evaluated. The in vivo model was dogs who underwent dural excision and received either no sealant (control group; n  =  5) or gelatin glue sealant (n  =  5) before dural closure. Twenty-eight days post-surgery, the maximum intracranial pressure was measured at the cisterna magna using Valsalva maneuver and tissue adhesion was evaluated. RESULTS: The water pressure at which leakage occurred in the in vitro model was higher with gelatin glue (76·5 ± 39·8 mmHg) than with fibrin glue (38·3 ± 27·4 mmHg, P < 0·001) or the PEG-based hydrogel sealant (46·3 ± 20·9 mmHg, P  =  0·007). Bonding strength was higher for the gelatin glue than fibrin glue (P < 0·001) or PEG-based hydrogel sealant (P  =  0·001). The maximum intracranial pressure in the in vivo model was higher for the gelatin glue group (59·0 ± 2·2 mmHg) than the control group (13·8 ± 4·0 mmHg, P < 0·001). Tissue adhesion was lower for the gelatin glue group than the control group (P  =  0·005). DISCUSSION: The new gelatin glue provides an effective watertight closure when used as an adjunct to sutured dural repair.

Fibrin sealants or cell saver eliminate the need for autologous blood donation in anemic patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty.

INTRODUCTION: Reducing allogeneic blood transfusions remains a challenge in total knee arthroplasty. Patients with preoperative anemia have a particularly high risk for perioperative blood transfusions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 176 anemic patients (Hb < 13.5 g/dl) undergoing total knee replacement were prospectively evaluated to compare the effect of a perioperative cell saver (26 patients), intraoperative fibrin sealants (5 ml Evicel, Johnson & Johnson Wound Management, Ethicon, Somerville, NJ) (45 patients), preoperative autologous blood donation (PABD) (21 patients), the combination of fibrin sealants and preoperative autologous blood donation (44) and no intervention (40 patients) on perioperative blood loss and transfusion requirements. RESULTS: All protocols resulted in significant reduction of allogeneic blood transfusions. Transfusion rates were similar with the use of PABD (19%), Evicel (18%), and cell saver (19%), all significantly lower than the control group (38 %, p < 0.05). Combining Evicel with PABD resulted in significantly higher wastage of autologous units (p < 0.05) with no significant reduction in allogeneic transfusion rate (14%). The use of fibrin sealant resulted in a significant reduction of blood loss compared to the PABD group (603 vs. 810 ml, p < 0.005) as well as the control group (603 vs. 822 ml, p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: While PABD proved to be the most cost-effective treatment option in anemic patients, fibrin sealants and cell saver show similar reduction in allogeneic transfusion rates compared to controls. The combination of fibrin sealants and PABD is not cost-effective and increases the number of wasted units.

Reparo ósseo de enxerto autógeno estabilizado com adesivo de fibrina: análise histológica e histomorfométrica / Repair of autogenous bone graft stabilized with fibrin adhesive: histologic and histomorphometric analysis

O adesivo de fibrina derivado do veneno de serpente é um selante biológico, constituído por componentes provenientes do plasma sanguíneo cujo mecanismo de ação se assemelha à última fase da coagulação fisiológica (formação do fibrinogênio). Ele tem sido utilizado no tratamento de lesões como colagem de tecidos moles, no entanto não existem evidências suficientes sobre a sua aplicação na estabilização de enxertos ósseos. Os enxertos, para serem efetivos no seu propósito, de reconstruir perdas ósseas, necessitam de vascularização e estabilização. Visto isso, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar, por meio de análise histológica e histomorfométrica, se o adesivo de fibrina promove fixação de enxerto do tipo onlay em calvária de ratos, e observar se o uso da laserterapia de baixa potência auxilia nesse processo. Foram utilizados 40 ratos da linhagem Wistar (Rattus norvegicus), separados aleatoriamente em dois grupos (EI e EII), nos quais foi realizada uma secção circular com uma broca trefina de 5 milímetros no osso parietal direito e a descorticalização do osso parietal esquerdo com uma broca esférica número 6. No grupo EI foi realizada a colagem do fragmento retirado do lado direito sobre o osso parietal esquerdo com adesivo de fibrina, e no Grupo EII os mesmos procedimentos do Grupo EI, associando-se a terapia por laser de baixa potência. Cinco animais de cada grupo foram eutanasiados nos períodos de 10, 20, 30 e 40 dias após a cirurgia. Após inclusão histológica de rotina, as peças foram submetidas à análise histológica e histomorfométrica. Observou-se, em ambos os grupos, a presença de tecido conjuntivo entre o enxerto autógeno e o leito receptor, que foi gradualmente transformando-se em tecido osteóide. No período final de análise o tecido conjuntivo encontrava-se quase ausente, sem evidência de reação inflamatória e tecido ósseo neoformado unindo o enxerto ao leito receptor em grande área da interface, ocorrendo uma regeneração óssea parcial. Na análise...

The fibrin tissue adhesive derived from snake venom is a biological sealant constituted of components from blood plasma whose mechanism of action is similar to the last phase of physiological coagulation (formation of the fibrinogen). It has been used to treat injuries such as collage soft tissue; however there is insufficient evidence on its application in the stabilization of bone grafts. A graft, to be effective to this purpose, to rebuild bone loss requires vascularization and stabilization. Seen it, this study aimed to evaluate, by means of histological and histomorphometric analysis, if the fibrin glue promotes fixation of the onlay graft type in rat calvaria, and observe whether the use of low level laser therapy assists in this process. 40 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly separated into two groups (EI and EII), in which was performed a circular perforation with a trephine drill of 5 mm in the right parietal bone section and nine small perforations the left parietal bone using a spherical drill number 6. In EI group the fragment removed of the right side was glued over the left parietal bone with fibrin tissue adhesive, and the same procedures of group EI was made in the EII group, associating with low-level laser therapy. Five animals from each group were euthanized on days 10, 20, 30 and 40 days after surgery. After histological routine inclusion, the pieces were subjected to histological and histomorphometric analysis. It was observed in both groups, the presence of the connective tissue between the allograft and the recipient bed, which was gradually transformed into osteoid tissue. In the final period of analysis, the connective tissue was almost absent, with no evidence of inflammatory reaction and neoformed bone uniting the graft to the recipient bed in great area of the interface, occurring a partial bone regeneration. In histomorphometric analysis, we observed a better laser performance in the training process of new bone when...

Reparo do nervo facial com sutura epineural térmico-terminal e coaptação com adesivo de fibrina em ratos associado ou não a laserterapia / Repair of facial nerve with epineural end-to-end suture and coaptation with fibrin adhesive in rats associated or not laser therapy

As lesões que envolvem nervos periféricos, especialmente os traumatismos facias, são muito comuns e decorrentes principalmente de acidentes com veículos motorizados, lesões acidentais e quedas, que levam a fraturas do osso temporal ou lacerações da face e consequentemente lesões do nervo facial. A principal meta no estudo da regeneração nervosa é descobrir uma técnica adequada de reparo em lesões de nervos periféricos que traga como resultado a recuperação funcional das estruturas por eles inervadas. A sutura epineural é um método muito utilizado para recuperação de lesões nervosas, assim como o uso do adesivo de fibrina, que requer menor destreza do cirurgião. O adesivo derivado do veneno de serpente (CEVAP/UNESP, Botucatu-SP) é um selante biológico e biodegradável, pois não produz reações adversas, não contém sangue humano, apresenta uma boa capacidade adesiva, não transmite doenças infecciosas, e pode ser utilizado como coadjuvante em procedimentos de sutura convencional. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar duas técnicas de recuperação de nervos periféricos lesionados: a sutura epineural término-terminal e o adesivo de fibrina derivado do veneno de serpente, e observar se o uso da laserterapia de baixa potência influencia esse processo de regeneração. Para isso, foram utilizados 42 ratos machos (Rattus norvegicus, Wistar), com 60 dias de vida, separados aleatoriamente em um Grupo Controle e quatro Grupos Experimentais, assim formados: Grupo Controle (GC, n=10), em que foi coletado o nervo facial íntegro aos 95 e 135 dias de vida; Grupo Experimental Sutura (GES, n=16) e Grupo Experimental Adesivo de Fibrina (GEF, n=16), onde no lado direito da face o ramo bucal do nervo facial foi seccionado e realizado a sutura epineural término-terminal e, no lado esquerdo da face, o ramo bucal do nervo facial foi seccionado e utilizado o adesivo de fibrina para coaptação das extremidades; Grupo Experimental Sutura e Laserterapia (GESL, n=16)...

The injuries involving peripheral nerves, especially facial traumatisms are very common and serious and longstanding facial paralysis lead to significant deterioration in the quality of the individuals life. The main goal in the study of nerve regeneration is finding a suitable repair technique for peripheral nerve injuries that bring results in the functional recovery of the structures innervated by them. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare two techniques for recovery of injured peripheral nerves: the end-to-end epineural suture and fibrin adhesive derived from snake venom (CEVAP / UNESP, Botucatu-SP), and observeif the use of low-level laser therapy influences this regeneration process. For this purpose, 42 male rats (Rattus norvegicus, Wistar) were used , with 60 days of life, were randomly separated into a control group and four experimental groups, which were formed this way: Control Group (CG , n = 10), in which the intact facial nerve was collected at 95 and 135 days of life; Experimental Suture Group (ESG, n = 16 ) and Experimental Fibrin Adhesive Group (EFG, n = 16), where the right side of the face the buccal branch of the facial nerve was transectioned and the epineural end-to-end suture was performed and the left side of the face, the buccal branch of the facial nerve was transectioned and the fibrin glue was used for coaptation of the edges; Experimental Suture Laser Therapy Group (ESLG, n = 16) and Experimental Fibrin Adhesive Laser Therapy Group (EFLG, n = 16) underwent the same procedures of ESG and EFG , included the application of Laser Gallium- Aluminum-Arsenide (GaAlAs) by an 830 nm wavelength pulse continuous, 6 J/cm2, for 24 seconds, three times a week during five weeks at three points of the operated areas. The animals in the experimental groups were euthanized at 95 days (five weeks post-surgery) and 135 days (ten weeks post-surgery). The collected samples were...