Whose Genitalia Are Involved In The Dissolution Of The Oedipus Complex In Boys?

This paper addresses the issue of whose genitalia are involved in the dissolution of the castration complex in boys. Freud and his followers suggested several different possibilities which are elaborated herein, and these alternative models are discussed from the perspective of psychological research regarding children's emergent gender identity and their awareness of genital differences. The reviewed data show that contrary to Freudian theory, preschool children's emergent gender identity is not dependent on their awareness of genital differences. However, preschoolers with younger siblings, primarily opposite gender ones, evidence greater understanding of genital differences, as Freud suggested. The discussion emphasizes the importance of children's family constellation and their awareness of self-other similarity and dissimilarity in the development of their gender identity.

Meditation on lovesickness, loss, and temporality.

The film 2046 is used as a screen and a springboard from which to reflect on the compulsive plight of some lovesick individuals. A particular oedipal constellation that generates lovesickness is hypothesized, wherein an unmourned third object preoccupies yet frustrates the primary object. This thwarted longing for another on the part of the original parent figure inflicts a defect in the self-esteem of the subject, who is then compelled to seek out an object that will re-create, while promising to repair, the wound. A trait common to the new object of adoration and the old, retriggering the peculiar paradoxical draw of the parent, sets this process in motion. The chaotic temporality so often associated with both the raptures of new love and with the chronic condition of lovesickness may be related to a traumatic hobbling of the ego's stimulus barrier in the presence of such a paradoxically exciting object.

'The healing power of love': the literary/analytic bond of marriage in Freud's essay on Gradiva.

Freud 's declared position regarding the management of 'transference love' advocated 'abstinence', objectivity and even 'emotional coldness in the analyst'. However, his essay on Jensen's Gradiva reveals an identification with an involved and responsive 'maternal' analytic position associated with theorists such as Ferenczi, Balint and Winnicott. These theorists attribute the origins of transference love to the pre-oedipal stage, shaping their analytic model on the basis of the early relationship with the mother. Freud generally had difficulty identifying with such a position, since it entailed addressing his own inner feminine aspects. Yet a literary analysis of his 'Gradiva' reveals this stance in his textual performance, i.e. in the ways in which he reads and retells Jensen's story. Freud 's narration not only expresses identification with Zoe, the female protagonist, but also idealizes her 'therapeutic' conduct, which is closer in spirit to that of object-relations theorists. His subtext even implies, however unintended, that an ideal treatment of transference love culminates in a psychical 'marriage' bond between the analytic couple, a metaphor used by Winnicott to describe the essence of the mother-baby (analyst/patient) bond. Freud 's reading process is itself analogous to Zoe's 'therapeutic' conduct, in that both perform a creative and involved interaction with the text/patient.

The clash of irrationalities in Sophocles' Antigone.

A study of the Greek text of Sophocles' Antigone provides a deeper understanding of the identities and psychodynamic interaction between the play's two main characters. Creon's particular diction, imagery, and even syntax constitute a subtext reflecting his rigidly hierarchical attitude and paranoid fear that defensively overlie his castration anxiety, his persecutory conception of women, and his own body image. His mental collapse is precipitated by the insightful and lexically powerful ad hominem expressions featured in Tiresias's admonitions. Textual analysis also sheds light on the nature of Antigone's incestuous desires for intimacy and clarifies their archaic origins. As death becomes more imminent, Antigone's complex, evolving reaction includes a verbally marked spatial disorientation.

On the Meaning of the 'Tooth-Losing Dream' / 신경정신의학

Everyone frequently dreams of "losing ones' tooth". According to folk tradition, this tooth-loss dream has been regarded as bad dream which foretells the death of the dreamer's important relatives, and this is not different between oriental and occidental cultures. Freud related this dream to guilt about masturbation and fear of anxiety in the context of the Oedipus complex. However, there appears to be no difference between the frequency of this type of dream between males and females, as shown by reports from male and female internet portal users as well as previous reports in the literature. Considering other psychoanalytic interpretations, and the meaning of tooth in the folklore literature, or rituals about handling the lost tooth in the world-wide tradition, the tooth-loss dream seems to reflect a universal and archetypal anxiety over losing something important. At the most fundamental level, the tooth-losing may contain the most and first important losing or separating event, that is, separation from the mother's body. The loss of important body parts (castration) or body functions, or other personal losses, may be attached to the same line of memory and emotion. So, the full meaning of the tooth-loss dream can be uncovered by considering both the archetypal and personal layer of dreamers' experiences.

Space and time in psychoanalytic listening.

The analytic situation is by definition traumatic because it evokes hilflosigkeit, the state of helplessness of the newborn infant, which is the prototype of the traumatic situation, and at the origin of the experience of anxiety. The author addresses the chain of associations between the state of helplessness, repetition compulsion, trauma, infantile sexuality, pleasure and displeasure, which lie at the core of the transference experience, and which find their ultimate expression in the analyst's listening. The discovery of the compulsion to repeat instituted a paradigmatic shift in Freud's formulations, emphasizing the process of repetition of trauma, and instituting a link between the network of concepts indicated above. In the clinical example discussed, the author defines the psychoanalytic process by the primacy of sexuality, the erotic passivation in the transference that evokes the traumatic childhood sexual scene. Sexuality and sexual phantasies are at the centre of the elaboration of meaning. Furthermore, the author distinguishes between two types of interpretations, namely 'open' and 'closed'.

O sujeito na psicanálise e na arte contemporânea / Subject in psychoanalysis and contemporary art

Na arte, o sujeito se perfila como nada além de um efêmero efeito, surgindo em um circuito que necessita do outro e só com ele se completa. Ora, tal efeito é tomado por Freud como um dos pilares da teoria psicanalítica, a partir do momento em que ele apela para o Édipo-Rei para sustentar sua teoria do sujeito. Tal ligação nos permite ressituar a aproximação entre arte e psicanálise e fazer dela uma estratégia teórico-crítica para ambos os campos na contemporaneidade.

In art, the subject displays itself as nothing but a fleeting effect, emerging in a circuit that requires the other and is only complete with it. Such an effect is taken by Freud as one of the pillars of psychoanalytic theory, from the moment he appeals to King Oedipus to support his theory of the subject. This connection allows us to re-situate the convergence of psychoanalysis and art and to turn it into a theoretical-critical strategy for both fields in contemporaneity.

O sujeito na psicanálise e na arte contemporânea / Subject in psychoanalysis and contemporary art

Na arte, o sujeito se perfila como nada além de um efêmero efeito, surgindo em um circuito que necessita do outro e só com ele se completa. Ora, tal efeito é tomado por Freud como um dos pilares da teoria psicanalítica, a partir do momento em que ele apela para o Édipo-Rei para sustentar sua teoria do sujeito. Tal ligação nos permite ressituar a aproximação entre arte e psicanálise e fazer dela uma estratégia teórico-crítica para ambos os campos na contemporaneidade.(AU)

In art, the subject displays itself as nothing but a fleeting effect, emerging in a circuit that requires the other and is only complete with it. Such an effect is taken by Freud as one of the pillars of psychoanalytic theory, from the moment he appeals to King Oedipus to support his theory of the subject. This connection allows us to re-situate the convergence of psychoanalysis and art and to turn it into a theoretical-critical strategy for both fields in contemporaneity.(AU)

Fantasias sexuais e edípicas em pré-adolescentes atendidos em grupo de psicoterapia lúdica / Sexual and oedipal fantasies in preadolescents assisted in play group therapy

A partir de conceitos advindos da teoria psicanalítica, objetiva-se identificar, descrever, discutir e analisar expressões de fantasias inconscientes edípicas e sexuais, ocorridas em um grupo de ludoterapia de pré-adolescentes. Este grupo funcionou segundo o referencial psicodinâmico, por dois anos, em um ambulatório de um serviço público; era aberto e constituído por crianças de ambos os sexos, de 10 e 11 anos de idade. Na pesquisa, utilizou-se o método clínico-qualitativo. As fantasias de conteúdos sexuais estiveram presentes em grande número de sessões. Já as fantasias edípicas eram menos freqüentes e menos evidentes, pois eram recalcadas ou apareciam de forma velada, quase sempre na transferência com as terapeutas e com outras crianças. Observaram-se expressões de fantasias inconscientes de união com o progenitor do sexo oposto, rivalidade entre irmãos e ansiedade de castração, psicodinâmica relacionada com a sexualidade e com o complexo de Édipo.

Starting from concepts originated from the psychoanalytic theory, the objective is to identify, to describe, to discuss and to analyze expressions of unconscious oedipal and sexual fantasies that took place in a play therapy group of preadolescents. This out-patient group worked according to the psychodynamic reference for two years, it was open and constituted by male and female children, with ages of ten and eleven years old. The clinical-qualitative method was utilized in the research. Sexual fantasies were present in a significant number of sessions. On the other hand, oedipal fantasies were less frequent and less evident, since they usually were repressed or unclear, almost always in the transference of therapists and of the children. Unconscious fantasy expressions of union with the progenitor of the opposite sex were observed, as well as competition among siblings and anxiety of castration.

[Harry Potter--the trauma as a drive for psychic development]. / Harry Potter--das Trauma als Motor der psychischen Entwicklung.

The Harry Potter books are centered around the psychic development of a traumatised young boy starting from his internalised early experience of being loved by his mother to the sudden loss of both of his parents at the anal stage and the later cumulative traumatisation by being negleced and mistreated by his relatives up to the present times. By identifying with his father and other father replacements Harry Potter finally acquires self-assurance and wins new friends. Harry goes through different stages of initiation into the adult world with all its conflicts and rivalries but also friendships. He stands up to his fears and symptoms resulting from his early childhood traumata and thereby helps to encourage readers of all ages to handle their own conflicts. On the oedipal level Harry Potter finally has to deidealize his father and Dumbledore, but also their opponent the dark Lord Voldemort, who thereby becomes more human, understandable and in the long run probably defeatable. The reader can identify himself with Harry and/ or a wide range of other characters. He can recognize his own experiences in life and conflicts in the story and argue internally with the demonstrated conflict solving patterns on different levels. It is the skillfully displayed and logically constructed story of the psychic development of a child that is traumatised at an early age and the possibilities the reader has to identify selectively with the different characters that constitutes the attractiveness of the Harry Potter novels.

A traição de Bentinho: um estudo sobre a psicopatologia do ciúme e da traição / The betrayal of Bentinho. A study of the psychopathology of jealousy and betrayal

O autor faz uma análise de Bentinho, personagem central do romance Dom Casmurro de Machado de Assis, enfocando aspectos relacionados à psicopatologia do ciúme e da traição, bem como a função psicológica normal do ciúme na estruturação da identidade(AU)

Psicoanálisis: perspectivas teóricas y clínicas

Este libro es producto de la recopilación de trabajos del autor presentados en diferentes oportunidades. Incluye: aspectos teóricos y metapsicológicos (inconsciente, rol del objeto, hipocondría, neurosis actual, esquizofrenias, patología narcista, lenguaje de órgano, complejo de Edipo, instinto de muerte, cualidad psíquica); el tratamiento psicoanalítico (regresión en el proceso según Freud, interpretación, factores terapéuticos en el psicoanálisis, sueños, desarrollo psíquico temprano, diálogo analítico, transferencia, neurosis); reflexiones acerca de Freud (dinámica de la transferencia, comentarios a consejos al médico en el tratamiento psicoanalítico, para la iniciativa del tratamiento); psicoanálisis aplicado (enseñanza en seminarios de la obra de Freud, atención de pacientes terminales, psiquiatría institucional, psicopedagogía, salud mental y psicoanálisis); y, la ubicación del personal del autor dentro del psicoanálisis

The Oedipus Complex in Traditional Korean Society: Oedipal and Preoedipal Themes / 신경정신의학

OBJECTIVES: Freud said that the Oedipus complex is universal. Some psychiatrists in Korea have tried to discover the presence of an Oedipus complex in their traditional society. They have identified evidence of sons' wish to kill the Oedipal Father and their desire for incest with mother. Therefore, the author not only puts forth a variety of evidence for the Oedipus complex, but also lays an emphasis on other aspects of the principle(Oedipal theme, preoedipal theme, etc.) by investigating new information in Korean society. METHODS: The authors looked into myths, shaman's folksongs, legends, butcher's folktales, folk drama, filial piety, and traditional family structures. The authors reestimated them from a calssical psychoanalytic point of view. RESULTS: The authors found castration anxiety, the desire for incest, identification with parents, and the dissolution of the Oedipus complex as the Oedipal theme. And the authors discovered dyadic realtionship, 'anal phallus', negative Oedipus complex, and the desire of being in fusion with primary object as the preoedipal theme. CONCLUSIONS: The authors found many themes and factors connected to Oedipus complex influencing our culture and life. Therefore, the authors believe that there is an Oedipus complex in traditional Korean society.

The origins of disquieting discoveries by Melanie Klein: the possible significance of the case of 'Erna'.

Using the example of the analysis of 6-year-old Erna, which extended over more than two years and was the longest treatment conducted by Melanie Klein in her Berlin years, the authors demonstrate the importance of her early child analyses for the development of some of her concepts and hence for a decisive advance in psychoanalysis itself. For this purpose they adduce unpublished original documents found among Klein's papers in London, which include autobiographical material, the text of her Würzburg lecture on her obsessional-neurotic little patient, handwritten session notes, and drawings by Erna herself. Although in the author's view Klein attempted to accommodate her findings within Freud's theoretical framework, her clinical experience of the psychic reality of the relational world of early oedipality eventually called for the introduction of new concepts. The combined parent figure, primary sadism, the paranoid-schizoid position, splitting, the relevance of the death drive to the superego, and later formulations on reparation, envy and gratitude are all shown to be foreshadowed in Klein's account of the treatment of Erna. After some retrospective considerations of Erna's analysis and a fleeting glimpse of Erna as an adult, the authors conclude by emphasising the significance of Klein's emigration to England for the subsequent flowering of her work.

Principais contribuicoes de Melanie Klein a teoria e a tecnica da psicoterapia psicanalitica

Considerando que certas inovacoes tecnicas podem propiciar grande desenvolvimento teorico, acompanha-se a trajetoria das ideias de Melanie Klein a partir da implantacao da ludoterapia e suas recomendacoes para o estabelecimento da situacao analitica, tornando-a essencialmente igual a analise de adultos. Sao abordadas as nocoes de Edipo precoce e superego primitivo, e em que se diferenciam das concepcoes freudianas. Utilizando clinicamente o conceito de instintos de vida e de morte, suas vicissitudes na relacao objetal e constituicoes de objetos, e mundos interno e externo, configuram-se certas interacoes constantes denominadas posicoes esquizoparanoide e depressiva. O estudo da inveja modifica a nocao da evolucao das 'posicoes' e traz ricas contribuicoes a tecnica da analise de psicoticos, ou dos nucleos psicoticos dos chamados 'normais', permitindo a analise de camadas profundas do inconsciente.

A preschooler in a disaster.

A search of the literature of children in disasters showed no case of individual therapy with such a child. The absence may be related to a specific countertransference. In the case of the preschooler presented here, the child's particular situation and developmental stage were significant aspects of his reaction and therapy.