A experiência intersubjetiva na ludoterapia humanista sob uma perspectiva fenomenológica / The intersubjective experience in humanistic play therapy from the standpoint of phenomenology / La experiencia intersubjetiva en la ludoterapia humanista desde una perspectiva fenomenológica

Esta pesquisa qualitativa objetivou compreender, fenomenologicamente, a experiência vivida por psicoterapeutas e crianças no acontecer clínico da ludoterapia humanista. Foram realizados 26 encontros dialógicos individuais com nove psicoterapeutas e sete crianças, registrados pela pesquisadora na forma de Narrativas Compreensivas que incluíram suas impressões impactadas subjetivamente pelas falas e expressões corporais dos participantes. A análise fenomenológica culminou com a escrita de uma Narrativa Síntese. Os resultados indicam que a relação psicoterapêutica é percebida como: facilitadora do crescimento psicológico da criança; intensificadora do fluxo de mudanças ao dinamizar os processos pessoais infantis; geradora de motivação na criança para a relação interpessoal, a partir do envolvimento subjetivo do terapeuta; potencializadora da tomada de consciência com base na corporeidade; propiciadora da integração de experiências por meio do brincar; reveladora das singularidades individuais, catalisando o desenvolvimento; e, por fim, benéfica à atualização de significados e sentidos da experiência pessoal e relacional. Evidenciou-se, entre os psicoterapeutas, uma concepção da ludoterapia humanista que prioriza a compreensão dirigida ao estilo próprio de cada cliente em relação aos modos de sentir e expressar-se no mundo e à estruturação do processo psicoterapêutico a partir do relacionamento com a criança. Concluiu-se, assim, que a experiência desse tipo de relação interpessoal facilita a constituição na criança de singularidades que imprimem um sentido existencial próprio ao seu mundo de relações e historicidade. A relevância do processo psicoterapêutico para o crescimento psicológico da criança apresentou-se também pelo seu caráter psicoprofilático, reverberado no encadeamento de processos associados à experiência pessoal dela.(AU)

This qualitative research aimed to understand, phenomenologically, the lived experience of psychotherapists and children in the clinical event of humanistic play therapy. A total of 26 individual dialogical encounters were held with nine psychotherapists and seven children, registered in the form of Comprehensive Narratives by the researcher, which included her subjectively impacted impressions about the participants' speeches and body expressions. The phenomenological analysis culminated in a Synthesis Narrative. The results demonstrate that the psychotherapeutic relationship is perceived as: facilitating the child's psychological growth; intensifying the flow of change by streamlining children's personal processes; generating motivation for the child to get involved with interpersonal relationship, based on the subjective involvement of the therapist; potentiating awareness raising based on the corporeality; enabling the integration of experiences by playing; revealing the uniqueness, catalyzing development; and, finally, benefiting the updating of meanings and senses of personal and relational experience. A conception of humanistic play therapy became evident among the psychotherapists, which prioritizes the understanding directed to the own way of each client regarding how to feel and express themselves in the world and the structuring of the psychotherapeutic process based on the relationship with the child. Thus, it was concluded that the experience of this interpersonal relationship facilitates the constitution in the child of singularities that bring their own existential meaning to their world of relationships and historicity. The relevance of the psychotherapeutic process for the child's psychological growth was also shown by the psycho-prophylactic character reverberated in the processes associated with the child's personal experience.(AU)

Esta investigación cualitativa tuvo por objetivo comprender, fenomenológicamente, la experiencia vivida por psicoterapeutas y niños en ludoterapia de orientación humanista. La investigadora desarrolló 26 conversaciones dialógicas individuales con nueve psicoterapeutas y siete niños, registradas como narrativas comprensivas que incluyeron sus impresiones impactadas subjetivamente por los discursos y expresiones corporales de los participantes. El análisis fenomenológico culminó con una síntesis narrativa. Los resultados demuestran que la relación psicoterapéutica se percibe como facilitadora del crecimiento psicológico del niño; intensificadora del flujo de cambio, optimizando su procesos personales; generadora de motivación para que el niño se involucre en la relación interpersonal a partir del envolvimiento subjetivo del terapeuta; potenciadora de la toma de conciencia a partir de la corporeidad; propiciadora de la integración de las experiencias por medio del juego; reveladora de singularidades individuales al catalizar el desarrollo; y beneficiosa para actualizar los significados y sentidos de la experiencia personal e relacional. Entre los psicoterapeutas se hizo evidente una concepción de ludoterapia humanista que prima por comprender la forma propia del cliente de sentirse y expresarse y la estructuración del proceso psicoterapéutico a partir de la relación con el niño. Se concluyó que la vivencia de este tipo de relación facilita la constitución en el niño de singularidades que le aportan un sentido existencial a su mundo de relación e historicidad. La relevancia del proceso psicoterapéutico para el crecimiento psicológico también se mostró por su carácter psicoprofiláctico, que reverberó en la cadena de procesos asociados con la experiencia personal del niño.(AU)

Pensar la práctica clínica con niñxs en tiempos de perplejidad / Thinking about the clinical practice with children in times of perplexity / Penser la pratique clinique avec les enfants en temps de perplexite / Pensando a prática clínica com crianças em tempos de perplexidade

En este trabajo comparto una experiencia clínica que me ha resultado conmovedora, difícil e inmensamente humanizante. La pandemia me llevó a replantearme tanto los encuadres como los marcos teóricos,entre otras cuestiones, para posibilitar la escucha sosteniendo la demora sin apresuramientos, dando tiempo al por decir de quien padece detrás de una pantalla. Asimismo,me situó de una manera impensada en una escena que puso a prueba los dispositivos que en otro tiempo hubiera considerado del terreno de la ciencia ficción. Despliego la idea de una clínica que demanda un entramado vincular en un espacio que fuimos construyendo "entre" paciente y analista en tiempos de perplejidad AU

In this work I share a clinical experience that has been moving, difficult and immensely humanizing for me. The pandemic led me to rethink both the framing and the theoretical frameworks, among other issues, to enable listening while maintaining the delay but without haste, giving time to the one who suffers behind a screen. Also placed me in an unexpected way in a scene that has put to test devices one would once have considered to be part of the realm of science fiction. I unfold the idea of a clinical practice that demands an interwined bond in a space that we've built "between" patient and analyst in times of perplexity AU

Dans ce travail, je partage une expérience clinique qui a été émouvante, difficile et immensément humanisant. La pandémie m'a amené à repenser à la fois les encadrementset les cadres théoriques, entre autres enjeux, pour rendre possible l'écoute tout en maintenant le retard sans hâte, en donnant le temps de dire à qui souffre derrière un écran. Aussim'a placé de manière inattendue dans une scène qui mettait des dispositifsà l'épreuve qu'il aurait autrefois considéré comme appartenant à la science-fiction. Je déploie l'idée d'une pratique clinique qui exige un réseau relationnel dans un espace que nous construisions "entre" patient et analyste en tempsde perplexité AU

Neste trabalho compartilho uma experiência clínica que tem sido comovente, difícil e imensamente humanizadora. A pandemia me levou a repensar tanto osenquadramentosassim como os referenciais teóricos, entre outras questões, para possibilitar a escuta mantendo oatraso sem pressa, dando tempo de dizer quem sofre atrás deuma telade computador. Da mesma maneira me colocou de forma inesperada em uma cena que chegou a por à prova os dispositivosque em outro tempo euteria considerado ficção cientifica. Desdobro a ideia de uma clínica que exige uma rede de vínculos em um espaço que estávamos construindo "entre" paciente e analista em tempo de perplexidade AU

Effects of clown visits on stress and mood in children and adolescents in psychiatric care-Protocol for a pilot study.

Scientific evidence has shown that healthcare clowning can decrease the level of stress and anxiety in pediatric patients. However, little attention has been devoted to the potentially beneficial impact of clown visits in the child and adolescent psychiatry setting. Therefore, this pilot study aims at investigating short-term effects of clown visits by RED NOSES Clowndoctors Austria on stress and mood levels of children and adolescents in psychiatric care. The sample will consist of approximately 50 children and adolescents in inpatient psychiatric wards who receive clown visits on a weekly basis over four consecutive weeks. The examined intervention, i.e., the clown visits, is an integral part within the selected psychiatric institutions. Using a non-controlled pre-/post-test design, the level of salivary cortisol and self-reported stress and mood will be measured as primary outcomes before and immediately after each clown visit. Additionally, self-reported effects on care staff at the health care facilities will be assessed based on a questionnaire after each clown visit within the same time period of four weeks. Secondary outcome measures (i.e., health-related quality of life, emotional and conduct problems, perceived chronic stress) will be assessed at baseline and at close-out assessment after the four intervention weeks. Further control variables and potential moderators are included at baseline. Due to the nested data structure, multilevel modeling will be used to analyze the data. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the stress-reducing and mood-improving effects of clown visits on inpatients in child and adolescent psychiatry. Results will be relevant for the design of future large-scale RCTs and might provide valuable implications for the use of healthcare clowning to reduce stress and improve mood in children and adolescents in psychiatric care. The study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT04844398).

A cidade e a infância: possibilidades da saúde mental na atenção básica / The city and the childhood: mental health care possibilities in primary care / La ciudad y la infancia: posibilidades de salud mental en atención primaria

Este estudo se configura como um relato de experiência sobre o encontro entre infância e Atenção Primária à Saúde, a partir do trabalho em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família do município de Porto Alegre, por meio do núcleo profissional da psicologia. Essa vivência faz parte do percurso formativo do Programa Atenção Básica da Residência Integrada em Saúde da Escola de Saúde Pública do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A partir do encontro com as demandas relativas à saúde mental de crianças nesse contexto, que frequentemente se apresentavam como questões individuais, comportamentais, e carregavam expectativa de correção, buscou-se problematizar as lógicas de cuidado em tensionamento nesse cenário, considerando a realidade do cotidiano de trabalho. Sobretudo, buscou-se problematizar as possibilidades de acompanhamento de crianças, para além do encaminhamento, na atenção primária em saúde. Para tal, apresentamos concepções ampliadas com relação à infância, considerando que esse período não trata apenas de um corpo orgânico em desenvolvimento, mas também de um sujeito em constituição. Assim, como possibilidade de intervenção com as crianças na Atenção Básica, utilizou-se um dispositivo grupal que se mostrou uma potente estratégia de acolhimento e de envolvimento da equipe na escuta das questões da infância na Unidade de Saúde.(AU)

This study is a report about the intersection of childhood and Primary Health Care based experience, in a Family Health Unit in the municipality of Porto Alegre, based on the Psychology professional center. This experience is part of the educational path at the Primary Care Program of the Integrated Health Residency from the Public Health School of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. From the Mental Health demands of children in this context, which often presented themselves as individual, behavioral issues, and carried an expectation of being corrected, we sought to problematize the logics of care in tension in this scenario, considering the reality of the everyday job. Above all, we aimed to problematize the possibilities of follow up on the children, beyond the referral, in Primary Care. To this end, we presented expanded conceptions regarding childhood, considering that, this period is not just about a developing organic body, but also a subject in constitution. Thus, as a possibility of intervention with children in Primary Care, the use of group device proved to be a powerful strategy for welcoming and involving the team in listening to childhood issues in the Health Unit.(AU)

Este estudio es un reporte de experiencia sobre el encuentro entre la infancia y la Atención Primaria de Salud, a partir del trabajo en una Unidad de Salud Familiar en la ciudad de Porto Alegre, a través del núcleo profesional de Psicología. Esta experiencia es parte del curso de especialización del Programa de Atención Primaria de la Residencia Integrada en Salud de la Escuela de Salud Pública del Estado de Rio Grande do Sul (ESP / RS). A partir del encuentro con las demandas relacionadas con la Salud Mental de los niños en este contexto, que a menudo se presentaron como problemas de comportamiento individuales y tenían la expectativa de corrección, buscamos problematizar la lógica de la atención en tensión en este contexto, considerando la realidad de la vida cotidiana de trabajo. Sobre todo, buscamos problematizar las posibilidades de acompañar a los niños, además de la derivación, en Atención Primaria de Salud. Con este fin, presentamos conceptos ampliados en relación con la infancia, considerando que este período no es solo un cuerpo orgánico en desarrollo, pero también de un sujeto en constitución. Así, como una posibilidad de intervención con niños en Atención Primaria, se utilizó un dispositivo grupal, que resultó ser una potente estrategia para acoger e involucrar al equipo en la escucha de los problemas de la infancia en la Unidad de Salud.(AU)

The Impact of Household Chaos and Dietary Intake on Executive Function in Young Children.

Children's executive functions (EFs) emerge over time and can be shaped by household environments and dietary intake. However, there is a lack of knowledge about how these factors influence EFs in children aged 18-24 months. This study tested a model exploring the relations between parent-reported dietary intake, household chaos, and child EF. The sample consisted of 294 families participating in the STRONG Kids2 birth cohort study of nutrition and child health. Caregivers completed the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), the Confusion, Hubbub, and Order Scale (CHAOS), and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function®-Preschool Version (BRIEF-P) to assess model variables. Regression analyses revealed a significant and independent association between assorted snacks and processed foods and two EF subscales. There were also significant associations between household chaos and each EF subscale. There was no significant moderation effect. These findings suggest that family households characterized by dysregulation are associated with children's EF difficulties during early childhood and that the role of unhealthy dietary intake in child EF should be explored further. Future longitudinal studies that include multi-method approaches are needed to document the mechanisms through which household chaos impacts child EF over time.

Child Psychiatrists and Psychologists: Enhanced Collaboration in Primary Care.

Psychiatry and psychology have a long history of competition that too often interferes with the collaboration that can characterize complementary contributions to our common missions. We hope this article will inspire our disciplines to expand on this collaboration, for the sake of our children and families, our communities, our colleagues, and honestly, ourselves. We are better together than apart. This text is a blueprint for the assumptions, attitudes, skills, and advocacy that can make this partnership healthy and successful.

Da ludoterapia não-diretiva à ludoterapia centrada na criança - desenvolvimento histórico / From non-directive play therapy to child-centered play therapy - historical development / De la terapia de juego no-directiva a terapia de juego centrada en el nino - desarollo histórico

O desenvolvimento da Abordagem Centrada na Pessoa foi dividido em fases que apresentam as atitudes que fazem parte da relação terapêutica, independente do público atendido. Contudo, na especificidade da psicoterapia infantil, o desenvolvimento teórico e prático da própria abordagem aponta para a existência de peculiaridades. Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar, através de uma revisão narrativa de literatura, fundamentada na hermenêutica filosófica de Gadamer, as possíveis características relativas ao atendimento de crianças a partir de um retorno às fases da ACP. Discutimos os fundamentos iniciais do atendimento com crianças em Rogers ena perspectiva clássica de Axline, compreendendo como a ludoterapia com crianças se caracteriza nas fases não-diretiva, reflexiva, experiencial e pós-rogeriana. Discutimos sobre propostas contemporâneas nos contextos europeu, estadunidense e brasileiro. Concluímos que essa delimitação do atendimento infantil possibilita uma percepção mais clara das mudanças e aprimoramentos em relação aos trabalhos pioneiros de Rogers e Axline, sempre tendo como eixo a dimensão relacional e a tendência ao crescimento como motor do processo terapêutico.

The development of the Person-Centered Approach was divided into phases that presents the attitudes that are part of therapeutic relationship, regardless of the public served. However, in the specificity of child psychotherapy, the theoretical and practical development of the approach points to the existence of peculiarities. This study aims to present, through narrative literature review, based on Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics, the possible characteristics related to the child therapy, starting from a return to the PCA phases. We discuss the foundations of child therapy in Rogers and Axline's classic perspective, understanding how child play therapy is characterized in non-directive, reflective, experiential and post-Rogerian phases. We discuss contemporary proposals in the European, American, and Brazilian contexts. We conclude that this delimitation enables a clearer perception of changes and improvements amongst to the Rogers and Axline's pioneering work, always having as its axis the relational dimension and the tendency to growth as a motor of the therapeutic process.

El desarrollo del Enfoque Centrado en la Persona se dividió en fases que presentan las actitudes de la relación terapéutica, independiente del público. Sin embargo, en la especificidad de la psicoterapia infantil, el desarrollo teórico y práctico del enfoque en sí mismo apunta la existencia de peculiaridades. Este estudio tiene como objetivo presentar, a través de una revisión narrativa de la literatura, basado em la hermenéutica filosófica de Gadamer, las posibles características de la psicoterapia con niños, desde el retorno a las fases de ECP. Discutimos los fundamentos de la psicoterapia con niños en Rogers, la perspectiva clásica de Axline, comprendiendo como la terapia de juego com los niños se caracterizan em las fases no directiva, reflexiva, experiencial y pos-rogeriana. Discutimos propuestas contemporáneas en los contextos europeo, estadounidense y brasileño. Concluimos que esta delimitación permite una percepción más clara de los cambios y mejoras en relación con los trabajos pioneros de Rogers y Axline, teniendo siempre como eje la dimensión relacional y la tendencia al crecimiento como motor del proceso terapéutico.

Infants relax in response to unfamiliar foreign lullabies.

Music is characterized by acoustic forms that are predictive of its behavioural functions. For example, adult listeners accurately identify unfamiliar lullabies as infant-directed on the basis of their musical features alone. This property could reflect a function of listeners' experiences, the basic design of the human mind, or both. Here, we show that US infants (N = 144) relax in response to eight unfamiliar foreign lullabies, relative to matched non-lullaby songs from other foreign societies, as indexed by heart rate, pupillometry and electrodermal activity. They do so consistently throughout the first year of life, suggesting that the response is not a function of their musical experiences, which are limited relative to those of adults. The infants' parents overwhelmingly chose lullabies as the songs that they would use to calm their fussy infant, despite their unfamiliarity. Together, these findings suggest that infants may be predisposed to respond to common features of lullabies found in different cultures.

Adherence to Dietary Recommendations, Nutrient Intake Adequacy and Diet Quality among Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis Patients: Results from the GreeCF Study.

Nutrition is an important component of cystic fibrosis (CF) therapy, with a high-fat diet being the cornerstone of treatment. However, adherence to the dietary recommendations for CF appears suboptimal and burdensome for most children and adolescents with CF, leading to malnutrition, inadequate growth, compromised lung function and increased risk for respiratory infections. A cross-sectional approach was deployed to examine the degree of adherence to the nutrition recommendations and diet quality among children with CF. A total of 76 children were recruited from Aghia Sophia's Children Hospital, in Athens, Greece. In their majority, participants attained their ideal body weight, met the recommendations for energy and fat intake, exceeding the goal for saturated fatty acids consumption. Carbohydrate and fiber intake were suboptimal and most participants exhibited low or mediocre adherence to the Mediterranean diet prototype. It appears that despite the optimal adherence to the energy and fat recommendations, there is still room for improvement concerning diet quality and fiber intake.

The relationship between integrated pediatric psychology and primary care visit length, revenue, content over 24 months.

Introduction: Integrating behavioral health providers into pediatric primary care to provide behavioral health (BH) services is both effective and efficient; however, the impact of pediatric integrated services on the operational and financial outcomes of primary care provider (PCP) visits has not been thoroughly investigated. The present study examined whether length of practice integration predicts the relationship between BH content addressed in a PCP visit, visit length, and revenue generation. Method: A total of 1,209 pediatric encounters with 25 PCPs across 7 primary care offices in a predominantly rural health system were abstracted for the presence or absence of BH content, visit length, duration of integration, and revenue. χ2 analyses and the generalized linear model framework were used to address the study objectives. Results: Integration was associated with more PCP visits with a BH topic discussed at 6-11 months of integration but not at 14-24 months. Visits with a BH topic were longer than medical-only visits and shorter when a practice was integrated for 6-11 months but not at 14-24 months of integration. Public insurance and integration were associated with lower revenue generation per minute. Visit content was not associated with PCP revenue. Discussion: Results suggest a relationship between integration and the operational and financial outcomes of PCP visits. This study shows that initial efficiencies or improvements (e.g., time, cost, content) associated with integrating BH may be lost over time. Future studies should evaluate sustainability in relation to program impact. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

[School-based Mindfulness Programs for Children and Adolescents]. / Schulbasierte Achtsamkeitsprogramme mit Kindern und Jugendlichen.

School-based Mindfulness Programs for Children and Adolescents Mindfulness is a mental state achieved by focusing one's awareness on the present moment, while calmly acknowledging and accepting one's bodily sensations, sensory feedback, thoughts, and feelings. Mindfulness interventions can improve proprioception, direction of attention, and emotion regulation. An accepting attitude towards thoughts and feelings reduces the experience of stress so that it is easier to cope with stressful situations. The regular practice of mindfulness exercises affects neurobiological mechanisms, which can lead to an improvement of executive functions as well as psychological health. Metaanalyses provide evidence of small effects of mindfulness interventions in schools, both in cognitive areas (executive functions, concentration, memory) and in emotional areas (anxiety, depressivity, wellbeing). The focus of this review article is on German and English-language mindfulness programmes for children and adolescents in schools, which have already been the subject of initial evaluation studies. This study presents the programmes Paws b, Mind Up, and Mehr Ruhe for children, and .b, Mind Up, AISCHU, and 8sam for adolescents, together with their evaluation results. The conclusion discusses open questions concerning conceptual and methodological issues.

Neural Responses to Infant Emotions and Emotional Self-Awareness in Mothers and Fathers during Pregnancy.

Neuroscientific research has largely investigated the neurobiological correlates of maternal and (to a much lesser extent) paternal responsiveness in the post-partum period. In contrast, much less is known about the neural processing of infant emotions during pregnancy. Twenty mothers and 19 fathers were recruited independently during the third trimester of pregnancy. High-density electroencephalography (hdEEG) was recorded while expectant parents passively viewed images representing distressed, ambiguous, happy, and neutral faces of unknown infants. Correlational analyses were performed to detect a link between neural responses to infant facial expressions and emotional self-awareness. In response to infant emotions, mothers and fathers showed similar cerebral activity in regions involved in high-order socio-affective processes. Mothers and fathers also showed different brain activity in premotor regions implicated in high-order motor control, in occipital regions involved in visuo-spatial information processing and visual mental imagery, as well as in inferior parietal regions involved in attention allocation. Low emotional self-awareness negatively correlated with activity in parietal regions subserving empathy in mothers, while it positively correlated with activity in temporal and occipital areas implicated in mentalizing and visual mental imagery in fathers. This study may enlarge knowledge on the neural response to infant emotions during pregnancy.

Fútbol y psicoanálisis: una experiencia entre varios

En el Centro de Salud Mental Nº 1 de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, el equipo de Niños Tarde comenzó en 2018 a integrar a los niños en tratamiento a un taller de fútbol, pensado como un espacio en el cual pudieran jugar con otros, y posibilitar múltiples transferencias e intervenciones. Se describe cómo fueron desarrollándose las actividades de este dispositivo.

Evaluation of efficiency of puppet show in decreasing fears of school-age children against medical procedures in Zonguldak (Turkey).

OBJECTIVE: To determine children's medical fears and to evaluate the effectiveness of puppet show to decrease such fears. METHODS: The quasi-experimental study was conducted from February 1 to May 31, 2016, in Zonguldak, Turkey, and comprised primary school students. Descriptive Information Form and Medical Operations Fear Scale were used to collect data. Those found to be 'very afraid' subsequently underwent a puppet show. The Scale was applied postintervention o track changes. SPSS 18 was used for data analysis. RESULTS: There were 617 children with a mean age of 8.86}0.96 years and studying in second third and fourth grades. Of them, 316(51.2%) were boys. The mean score on the fear scale was 43.9}1.03 (range: 29-87); 58(9.4%) were terrified of medical procedures. There was a significant difference between the scores of children with respect to the year of education (p=0.001), age (p=0.0001), previous hospitalisations (p=0.0001), previous fears related to hospitalisations (p=0.0021) and fear of being sick (p=0.0001). Two sessions of puppet shows were performed for 44(76%) of the terrified students. There was a significant difference between baseline and post-intervention scores (p=0.0001).. CONCLUSIONS: Age, previous negative experiences of hospitalisations and the fear of being sick were factors that shaped children's medical fears. Puppet show effectively decreased such fears.

Implementation Science in Pediatric Psychology: The Example of Type 1 Diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: Evidence-based screening, assessment, and intervention practices for youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are underutilized. Implementation science (IS) offers theoretical models and frameworks to guide rigorous mixed methods research to advance comprehensive care for children and families. METHODS: We conducted a targeted review of applications of IS to T1D. RESULTS: Pediatric T1D research offers initial, but still limited studies on implementation of evidence-based psychosocial care. IS designates approaches to understanding multi-level factors that influence implementation, ways to alter these factors, and methods to evaluate strategies to improve implementation. CONCLUSIONS: IS is promising for advancing the translation of pediatric psychology approaches into clinical care. Following the science of implementation, further documentation of the reach of evidence-based care and establishing practice guidelines are important initial steps. Examining the barriers and facilitators of evidence-based psychosocial care can guide the development of testable implementation strategies to improve integration of care. Successful strategies can be evaluated through multi-site controlled implementation trials to explore their effectiveness. These lines of inquiry can be considered within pediatric populations, but may also be used to examine similarities and differences in effectiveness of implementation strategies across populations and settings. Such research has the potential to improve the health and well-being of children and families.

Reaching underserved youth: A pilot implementation of a skills-based intervention in short-term juvenile detention.

Despite a clear need, psychological interventions are lacking in detention facilities. In particular, efforts to implement such interventions in short-term juvenile detainment are virtually absent from scholarly literature. However, short-term juvenile detention facilities (JDFs) serve as important settings for intervention. Detained youth in JDFs present with a variety of charges/offenses, from truancy to murder and vary with regard to their history of contact with the system and the length of their detainment. The present study provides an overview of a brief skills-based intervention implemented in a group-based format with detained adolescents in a JDF, in an effort to examine youths' engagement, buy-in, and perceived obstacles in such settings. Preliminary findings from our pilot intervention effort informed our understanding of youths' engagement, buy-in, and perceived relevance and utility of the intervention.

Lifespan differences in emotional contagion while watching emotion-eliciting videos.

Previous research has examined empathic concern by presenting toddlers with a sad stimulus and examining their emotional response, with the conclusion that toddlers display empathy. Yet, such research has failed to include basic control conditions involving some other aversive stimulus such as white noise. Nor has it compared toddlers to adults to examine potential development in empathy. In the present study, we showed toddlers and adults four video types: infant crying, infant laughing, infant babbling, and a neutral infant accompanied by white noise. We then coded happiness and sadness while viewing the videos, and created a difference score (happiness minus sadness), testing 52 toddlers and 61 adults. Whereas adults showed more sadness towards infant crying than any other stimulus, toddlers' response to crying and white noise was similar. Thus, the toddler response to crying was comparable to previous studies (slight sadness), but was no different to white noise and was significantly reduced relative to adults. As such, toddlers' response seemed to be better characterized as a reaction to an aversive stimulus rather than empathy.