Reflexoterapia e auriculoterapia para lombalgia aguda em docentes e discentes universitários: Ensaio clínico duplo-cego / Reflexotherapy and auriculotherapy for acute lumbalgia in university teachers and students: A double-blind clinical trial

Objetivo: comparar os efeitos da auriculoterapia e reflexoterapia podal para lombalgia aguda inespecífica em docentes e discentes universitários da área da saúde. Método: ensaio clínico, randomizado, controlado, duplo-cego, com 189 participantes distribuídos em três grupos: auriculoterapia experimental, reflexoterapia experimental e combinadas. Fora realizados 3 intervenções. Para a coleta foram utilizados: Questionário Sociodemográfico; Escala Visual e Analógica de intensidade na avaliação da dor; e Questionário para Lombalgia. Os dados foram analisados no programa IBM SPSS Statistics versão 18.0 Foram aplicados: teste de normalidade Kolmogorov-Smirnov; testes Qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher para comparação entre os grupos, e Análise de variância com post hoc ou Kruskal-Wallis, conforme apropriado. Resultados: evidenciou-se redução significativa da dor nos três protocolos (p=<0,001) para o Questionário de lombalgia, mas na comparaçãoda escala da dor, houve menor eficácia no grupo combinado (p=0,006). Conclusão: Ambas as terapias são eficazes e indicadas para controle da lombalgia aguda(AU)

Objective: to compare the effects of auriculotherapy and foot reflex therapy for nonspecific acute low back pain in university professors and students in the health area. Method: clinical trial, randomized, controlled, double-blind, with 189 participants divided into three groups: experimental auriculotherapy, experimental reflex therapy and combined therapy. Three interventions were performed. For data collection, the following were used: Sociodemographic Questionnaire; Visual and Analog Scale of intensity in pain assessment; and Low Back Pain Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics program, version 18.0. The following were applied: Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test; Chi-square or Fisher's Exact tests for comparison between groups, and Analysis of variance with post hoc or Kruskal-Wallis, as appropriate. Results: there was a significant reduction in pain in the three protocols (p=<0.001) for the Low Back Pain Questionnaire, but when comparing the pain scale, there was less efficacy in the combined group (p=0.006). Conclusion: Both therapies are effective and indicated for the control of acute low back pain(AU)

Objetivo: comparar los efectos de la auriculoterapia y la terapia refleja podal en el dolor lumbar agudo inespecífico en profesores y estudiantes universitarios del área de la salud. Método: ensayo clínico, aleatorizado, controlado, doble ciego, con 189 participantes divididos en tres grupos: auriculoterapia experimental, terapia refleja experimental y terapia combinada. Se realizaron tres intervenciones. Para la recolección de datos, se utilizaron: Cuestionario Sociodemográfico; Escala Visual y Analógica de intensidad en la valoración del dolor; y Cuestionario de dolor lumbar. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el programa IBM SPSS Statistics, versión 18.0, se aplicaron: prueba de normalidad de Kolmogorov-Smirnov; Pruebas Chi-cuadrado o Exacto de Fisher para comparación entre grupos, y Análisis de varianza con post hoc o Kruskal-Wallis, según corresponda. Resultados: hubo reducción significativa del dolor en los tres protocolos (p=<0,001) para el Low Back Pain Questionnaire, pero al comparar la escala de dolor, hubo menor eficacia en el grupo combinado (p=0,006). Conclusión: Ambas terapias son efectivas e indicadas para el control del dolor lumbar agudo(AU)

Reflexoterapia e auriculoterapia para lombalgia aguda em docentes e discentes universitários: Ensaio clínico duplo-cego / Reflexoterapia y auriculoterapia para la lumbalgia aguda en universitarios: Un ensayo clínico doble ciego / Reflexotherapy and auriculotherapy for acute lumbalgia in university teachers and students: A double-blind clinical trial

Objetivo: comparar os efeitos da auriculoterapia e reflexoterapia podal para lombalgia aguda inespecífica em docentes e discentes universitários da área da saúde. Método: ensaio clínico, randomizado, controlado, duplo-cego, com 189 participantes distribuídos em três grupos: auriculoterapia experimental, reflexoterapia experimental e combinadas. Fora realizados 3 intervenções. Para a coleta foram utilizados: Questionário Sociodemográfico; Escala Visual e Analógica de intensidade na avaliação da dor; e Questionário para Lombalgia. Os dados foram analisados no programa IBM SPSS Statistics versão 18.0 Foram aplicados: teste de normalidade Kolmogorov-Smirnov; testes Qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher para comparação entre os grupos, e Análise de variância com post hoc ou Kruskal-Wallis, conforme apropriado. Resultados: evidenciou-se redução significativa da dor nos três protocolos (p=<0,001) para o Questionário de lombalgia, mas na comparaçãoda escala da dor, houve menor eficácia no grupo combinado (p=0,006). Conclusão: Ambas as terapias são eficazes e indicadas para controle da lombalgia aguda(AU)

Objective: to compare the effects of auriculotherapy and foot reflex therapy for nonspecific acute low back pain in university professors and students in the health area. Method: clinical trial, randomized, controlled, double-blind, with 189 participants divided into three groups: experimental auriculotherapy, experimental reflex therapy and combined therapy. Three interventions were performed. For data collection, the following were used: Sociodemographic Questionnaire; Visual and Analog Scale of intensity in pain assessment; and Low Back Pain Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics program, version 18.0. The following were applied: Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test; Chi-square or Fisher's Exact tests for comparison between groups, and Analysis of variance with post hoc or Kruskal-Wallis, as appropriate. Results: there was a significant reduction in pain in the three protocols (p=<0.001) for the Low Back Pain Questionnaire, but when comparing the pain scale, there was less efficacy in the combined group (p=0.006). Conclusion: Both therapies are effective and indicated for the control of acute low back pain.(AU)

Objetivo: comparar los efectos de la auriculoterapia y la terapia refleja podal en el dolor lumbar agudo inespecífico en profesores y estudiantes universitarios del área de la salud. Método: ensayo clínico, aleatorizado, controlado, doble ciego, con 189 participantes divididos en tres grupos: auriculoterapia experimental, terapia refleja experimental y terapia combinada. Se realizaron tres intervenciones. Para la recolección de datos, se utilizaron: Cuestionario Sociodemográfico; Escala Visual y Analógica de intensidad en la valoración del dolor; y Cuestionario de dolor lumbar. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el programa IBM SPSS Statistics, versión 18.0, se aplicaron: prueba de normalidad de Kolmogorov-Smirnov; Pruebas Chi-cuadrado o Exacto de Fisher para comparación entre grupos, y Análisis de varianza con post hoc o Kruskal-Wallis, según corresponda. Resultados: hubo reducción significativa del dolor en los tres protocolos (p=<0,001) para el Low Back Pain Questionnaire, pero al comparar la escala de dolor, hubo menor eficacia en el grupo combinado (p=0,006). Conclusión: Ambas terapias son efectivas e indicadas para el control del dolor lumbar agudo.(AU)

Benefícios da meditação para a saúde mental de universitários: uma revisão sistemática / Benefit of meditation for the mental health of university students: a systematic review

INTRODUÇÃO: Atualmente a ansiedade, o estresse e a depressão são os principais sintomas de problemas na saúde mental apresentados pelos universitários, estima-se que cerca de um terço desta população apresenta algum desses sintomas. OBJETIVO: Analisar as evidências clínicas sobre os benefícios da meditação na saúde mental de universitários através de uma revisão sistemática. METODOLOGIA: Foram identificados ensaios clínicos randomizados sobre os efeitos da meditação na saúde mental de estudantes universitários, redigidos em português, inglês e espanhol, e publicados entre 2018 e 2022. Foram excluídos ensaios quase randomizados, ensaios não randomizados, estudos observacionais, protocolos de ensaios clínicos, estudos preliminares, estudos que não tem a meditação como intervenção principal, reportagens e artigos sem acesso ao texto completo. As buscas foram realizadas em novembro de 2022, nas bases de dados: Embase; LILACS; MedLine/PubMed; SciELO e; The Cochrane Library. A ferramenta RoB 2 foi utilizada para avaliar o risco de viés e os artigos foram submetidos a uma análise de síntese qualitativa. RESULTADOS: Foram selecionados 19 artigos, sobre práticas de mindfulness, com 2054 participantes. A maioria dos estudos analisou os desfechos sobre o estresse, depressão, ansiedade e atenção plena, e os outros sobre qualidade de vida, satisfação com a vida e autocompaixão. Os estudos foram divididos em três categorias temáticas: intervenções assíncronas (8); intervenções online síncronas (4); intervenções presenciais (7). DISCUSSÃO: De forma geral, os resultados exprimem melhoras nos sintomas clínicos de estresse, ansiedade e depressão, além de promover atenção plena nos universitários. A meditação é uma prática de saúde que pode promovida por videochamadas, podcasts ou vídeos e podendo alcançar alunos da modalidade de ensino a distância, já que as iniciativas online parecem ter eficácia muito próxima das intervenções presenciais. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Os resultados desta revisão contribuem para as evidências de que a meditação, principalmente o mindfulness, podem beneficiar a saúde mental de universitários, reduzindo os sintomas de estresse, ansiedade e depressão, além de melhorar a atenção plena. Estes resultados aparentam ser próximos tanto através encontros presenciais ou online, de forma síncrona ou assíncrona. Isso possibilita uma grande gama de possibilidades de aplicação na saúde de estudantes universitários. Mais estudos são necessários para avaliar os efeitos a médio e longo prazo, além de analisar e comparar as características, eficácia e aplicabilidade da meditação aplicada de forma presencial, online síncrona ou assíncrona.

INTRODUCTION: Anxiety, stress and depression are currently the main symptoms of mental health problems presented by university students, it is estimated that about one third of this population presents some of these symptoms. OBJECTIVE: To analyse the clinical evidence on the benefits of meditation on the mental health of university students through a systematic review. METHODOLOGY: We identified randomised controlled trials on the effects of meditation on mental health in university students, written in Portuguese, English and Spanish, and published between 2018 and 2022. We excluded quasi-randomised trials, non-randomised trials, observational studies, clinical trial protocols, preliminary studies, studies that do not have meditation as the main intervention, reports and articles without access to the full text. The searches were conducted in November 2022, in the databases: Embase; LILACS; MedLine/PubMed; SciELO and; The Cochrane Library. The RoB 2 tool was used to assess the risk of bias and the articles were subjected to a qualitative synthesis analysis. RESULTS: Nineteen articles were selected on mindfulness practices with 2054 participants. Most studies analysed outcomes on stress, depression, anxiety and mindfulness, and the others on quality of life, life satisfaction and self-compassion. The studies were divided into three thematic categories: asynchronous interventions (8); synchronous online interventions (4); face-to-face interventions (7). DISCUSSION: In general, the results express improvements in clinical symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression, as well as promoting mindfulness in university students. Meditation is a health practice that can be promoted by video calls, podcasts or videos and can reach distance learning students, since online initiatives seem to be very effective compared to face-to-face interventions. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The results of this review contribute to the evidence that meditation, especially mindfulness, can benefit the mental health of university students by reducing symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression, as well as improving mindfulness. These results appear to be forthcoming whether through face-to-face or online encounters, synchronously or asynchronously. This allows for a wide range of application possibilities in the health of university students. Further studies are needed to evaluate the medium- and long-term effects, as well as to analyse and compare the characteristics, effectiveness and applicability of meditation applied in person, online synchronously or asynchronously.

Saúde mental na universidade: atendimento psicológico online na pandemia da covid-19 / Mental health at the university: online psychological care during the covid-19 pandemic / Salud mental en la universidad: atención psicológica en línea en la pandemia de covid-19

Com a pandemia da covid-19, o contexto universitário, que já vinha sendo palco de discussões em relação à saúde mental, tem vivenciado crises mais severas pelos estudantes. Diante deste cenário, foi desenvolvido o projeto Escuta Solidária, voltado à saúde mental dos discentes de graduação e de pós-graduação. Neste artigo, temos como objetivo discutir o atendimento psicológico online com estudantes do curso de psicologia durante o período de isolamento social rígido (maio a junho de 2020). Fizemos, com os psicólogos voluntários, um grupo focal direcionado para a experiência de atendimento psicológico online de curta duração no contexto pandêmico. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, realizado com os 11 psicólogos clínicos participantes do referido projeto. A partir de uma análise fenomenológica crítica, os resultados foram divididos em cinco categorias: a) limitações e contribuições do projeto; b) a importância da capacitação e supervisão clínica para a qualidade do projeto; c) atendimento psicológico online; d) ser psicólogo clínico durante a crise da covid-19; e e) demandas emergentes nos atendimentos psicológicos na quarentena. Por fim, discutimos a importância da desmistificação do atendimento psicológico em situações de crise, especialmente na modalidade online, fomentando questionamentos à formação e atuação dos profissionais, no sentido de estarmos atentos às demandas psicológicas que o contexto de crise acarreta na sociedade.(AU)

With the COVID-19 pandemic, the university context, which had already been the stage for discussions regarding mental health, has experienced more severe crises by students. In view of this scenario, the Solidarity Listening project was developed, aimed at the mental health of undergraduate and graduate students. In this article, we aim to discuss online psychological care with psychology students during the period of strict social isolation (May to June 2020). We carried out, with volunteer psychologists, a focus group aimed at the experience of short-termonline psychological care in the pandemic context. This is a qualitative study, carried out with 11 clinical psychologists participating in the aforementioned project. From a critical phenomenological analysis, the results were divided into five categories: a) limitations and contributions of the project; b) the importance of training and clinical supervision for the quality of the project; c) online psychological care; d) being a clinical psychologist during the COVID-19 crisis; and e) emerging demands in psychological care in quarantine. Finally, we discuss the importance of demystifying psychological care in crisis situations, especially in the online modality, promoting questions regarding the training and performance of professionals, to be aware of the psychological demands that the context of crisis entails in society.(AU)

La pandemia del covid-19 provocó que las universidades, que ya habían sido escenario de discusiones sobre la salud mental, experimentaran crisis más severas entre los estudiantes. Ante este escenario, se desarrolló el proyecto Escucha Solidaria, dirigido a la salud mental de estudiantes de grado y posgrado. Este artículo pretende discutir la atención psicológica en línea con estudiantes de Psicología durante el período de aislamiento social más estricto (mayo/junio de 2020). Se conformó un grupo focal con los psicólogos voluntarios orientado a la práctica de la atención psicológica en línea, a corto plazo, en el contexto de una pandemia. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, realizado con 11 psicólogos clínicos que participaron en el mencionado proyecto. A partir del análisis fenomenológico crítico, los resultados se dividieron en cinco categorías: a) limitaciones y aportes del proyecto; b) importancia de la capacitación y la supervisión clínica para la calidad del proyecto; c) atención psicológica en línea; d) ser psicólogo clínico durante la crisis del covid-19; y e) demandas emergentes en atención psicológica en la cuarentena. Se concluye que es importante desmitificar la atención psicológica en situaciones de crisis, especialmente en la modalidad en línea, al promover principalmente preguntas sobre la formación y el desempeño de los profesionales con el fin de ser conscientes de las demandas psicológicas que el contexto de crisis conlleva la sociedad.(AU)

A musicoterapia online em grupo e a saúde mental de jovens universitários no contexto pandêmico / The online group music therapy and the mental health of universiry students in the pandemic context

Introdução - O sofrimento psíquico de jovens estudantes universitários é uma realidade nas instituições, sendo a área da saúde a mais propensa a desencadear esse problema em função de fatores como o convívio com o sofrimento humano, o adoecimento, a morte e a elevada cobrança social. O isolamento social, oriundo das medidas de combate à Pandemia de COVD-19, o constante estado de alerta e o medo da morte maximizaram os problemas de Saúde Mental na universidade. Objetivo - compreender como se dá a relação de sessões de musicoterapia por meio de um Grupo Terapêutico Online e a saúde mental do jovem universitário, verificando aspectos de sua aplicabilidade enquanto recurso terapêutico nas universidades. Métodos - Pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva/explicativa em relação aos seus objetivos e experimental quanto ao procedimento (Pesquisa intervenção). Os participantes foram jovens estudantes, de uma universidade pública, que procuraram atendimento psicossocial na instituição e aceitaram participar das sessões de musicoterapia online. Foram realizadas dezesseis sessões com um grupo de cinco estudantes. Os dados foram obtidos mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas, antes da primeira sessão e após a última; diário de sessão produzido pelos participantes; e diário de campo produzido pelo pesquisador. A interpretação do material coletado foi realizada por análise de conteúdo. Resultados - A musicoterapia online e em grupo pôde proporcionar escuta acolhedora, atenção humanizada, pautada na integralidade do indivíduo e sensação de pertencimento. Conclusões - A Musicoterapia, por meio de Grupo musicoterapêutico online, proporcionou o fortalecimento da rede de cuidado aos estudantes universitários e a promoção da saúde, estimulando mecanismos de prevenção de agravos e de recuperação da saúde.

Introduction - The psychic suffering of young university students is a reality in institutions, with the health area being the most likely to trigger this problem due to factors such as living with human suffering, illness, death and high social demands. Social isolation, arising from the measures to combat the COVD-19 Pandemic, the constant state of alert and the fear of death maximized the Mental Health problems at the university. Objective - to understand the relationship between music therapy sessions through an Online Therapeutic Group and the mental health of young university students, verifying aspects of its applicability as a therapeutic resource in universities. Methods - Qualitative, descriptive/explanatory research regarding its objectives and experimental research regarding the procedure (Intervention research). The participants were young students from a public university who sought psychosocial care at the institution and agreed to participate in online music therapy sessions. Sixteen sessions were held with a group of five students. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews, before the first session and after the last one; session diary produced by participants; and field diary produced by the researcher. The interpretation of the collected material was performed by content analysis. Results - Online and group music therapy could provide warm listening, humanized attention, based on the integrality of the individual and a sense of belonging. Conclusions - Music Therapy, through an online music therapy group, provided the strengthening of the care network for university students and health promotion, stimulating mechanisms of disease prevention and health recovery.

Research on the application of sport dance in colleges and universities in the healthy development of sports / Pesquisa sobre a aplicação da dança esportiva nas universidades no desenvolvimento saudável dos esportes / Estudio sobre la aplicación de la danza deportiva en las universidades en el desarrollo saludable de los deportes

ABSTRACT Introduction: Immunity is closely related to health. When the body's immunity is strong, it is healthy. On the contrary, various diseases appear. Sports dance is an entertainment and fitness sports project that integrates sports, music, aesthetics, and dance, the body movement dance as the necessary content and two-person or collective exercises as the primary form of exercise. Studies have shown that long-term adherence to Tai Chi exercise can significantly increase the serum immunoglobulin IgA, IgG, and IgM levels. Objective: The paper explores the effect of physical dance exercise on serum immunoglobulin and T lymphocyte subsets of college students. Methods: The thesis randomly selected 16 male and female students in the first-grade physical dance optional course of public physical education as the experimental group. They performed physical dance exercises three times a week, 40 minutes each time, and the training intensity was controlled at a heart rate of 135-150 beats/min. Ten weeks; besides, 16 male and female students in the first grade were selected as the control group, and no physical dance exercise was performed; all the subjects were drawn from the elbow venous blood on an empty stomach at the same time before and after the experiment to measure serum immunoglobulin and T lymph Cell subpopulation content. Results: After ten weeks of sports dance training, the serum immunoglobulin IgG of both men and women in the experimental group increased significantly (P<0.01), and the CD4+% and CD4+/CD8+ ratio of T lymphocyte subgroups showed extremely significant and significant increases (P <0.01, P<0.05), serum IgM tended to increase, IgA, CD8+% tended to decrease, but there was no significant change. Conclusions: Long-term physical dance exercise can improve the body's immune function. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESUMO Introdução: la inmunidad está estrechamente relacionado con la salud. Cuando la inmunidad del cuerpo es fuerte éste está sano. En caso contrario, aparecen diversas enfermedades. La danza deportiva é um projeto de entretenimiento y fitness que integra el deporte, la música, la estética y la danza, el movimiento corporal como contenido necesario y los ejercicios de das personas ou colectivos como forma principal de ejercicio. Los estudios han demonstraram que a adesão a largo plazo al ejercicio de Tai Chi pode aumentar também os niveles séricos de imunoglobulina IgA, IgG e IgM. Objetivo: O artigo explora o efeito do exercício físico de danza em subconjuntos de imunoglobulina sérica e linfocitos T de estudiantes universitários. Métodos: Para que a tese seja selecionada aleatoriamente, 16 ex-alunos e ex-alunos do curso optativo de danza física de primer grado de educação física pública como grupo experimental. Realizaron ejercicios de danza física tres veces por semana, 40 minutes cada vez, y la intensidad del entrenamiento se controló a una frecuencia cardíaca de 135-150 latidos/min. durante as semanas; además, se selecionar 16 alumnos y alumnas de primer grado como group de control, el que no realizó ningún ejercicio físico de danza. A todos os sujetos se les extrajo sangre venosa del codo com o estómago vacío, durante, antes e depois do experimento para medir o conteúdo da subpoblación de células T y de imunoglobulina sérica. Resultados: Después de diez semanas de entrenamiento de danza deportiva, la imunoglobulina IgG sérica de hombres y mujeres en el grupo experimental aumentó complementar (P <0,01), y la proporción CD4 +% y CD4 +/CD8 + de los subgrupos de linfocitos T mostró incrementos extremadamente provados. (P <0,01,P <0,05), la IgM sérica tendió a aumentar, la IgA, CD8 +% tendió a disminuir, mas nenhum hubo cambio projetado. Conclusiones: El ejercicio de danza física a largo plazo puede mejorar la función inmunológica del cuerpo. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos: investigación de los results del tratamiento.

RESUMEN Introducción: la inmunidad está estrechamente relacionada con la salud. Cuando la inmunidad del cuerpo es fuerte éste está sano. En caso contrario, aparecen diversas enfermedades. La danza deportiva es un proyecto de entretenimiento y fitness que integra el deporte, la música, la estética y la danza, el movimiento corporal como contenido necesario y los ejercicios de dos personas o colectivos como forma principal de ejercicio. Los estudios han demostrado que la adherencia a largo plazo al ejercicio de Tai Chi puede aumentar significativamente los niveles séricos de inmunoglobulina IgA, IgG e IgM. Objetivo: El artículo explora el efecto del ejercicio físico de danza en subconjuntos de inmunoglobulina sérica y linfocitos T de estudiantes universitarios. Métodos: Para la tesis se seleccionaron aleatoriamente a 16 alumnos y alumnas del curso optativo de danza física de primer grado de educación física pública como grupo experimental. Realizaron ejercicios de danza física tres veces por semana, 40 minutos cada vez, y la intensidad del entrenamiento se controló a una frecuencia cardíaca de 135-150 latidos/min. durante diez semanas; además, se seleccionaron 16 alumnos y alumnas de primer grado como grupo de control, el que no realizó ningún ejercicio físico de danza. A todos los sujetos se les extrajo sangre venosa del codo con el estómago vacío, durante, antes y después del experimento para medir el contenido de la subpoblación de células T y de inmunoglobulina sérica. Resultados: Después de diez semanas de entrenamiento de danza deportiva, la inmunoglobulina IgG sérica de hombres y mujeres en el grupo experimental aumentó significativamente (P <0.01), y la proporción CD4 +% y CD4 + / CD8 + de los subgrupos de linfocitos T mostró incrementos extremadamente significativos. (P <0.01, P <0.05), la IgM sérica tendió a aumentar, la IgA, CD8 +% tendió a disminuir, pero no hubo cambios significativos. Conclusiones: El ejercicio de danza física a largo plazo puede mejorar la función inmunológica del cuerpo. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos: investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

"What Should Sex Look Like?" Students' Desires for Expanding University Sexual Assault Prevention Programs to Include Comprehensive Sex Education.

Rates of sexual assault and sexual violence among college-aged adults are much higher than the national rates of sexual assault and sexual violence. Therefore, reduction and prevention of sexual violence among university students is critical and is consistent with national public health priorities. Often times, messages to students focus only on sexual assault and omit larger notions of sexual health. Four focus groups with a total of 24 participants (nine men, 15 women) highlighted three main perceptions about the sexual assault programming offered at this large university: themes of resistance to traditional programming, a need for holistic sexual health programming, and a desire to have an environment, which normalizes conversations surrounding sex, sexuality, and sexual health.

La prevención del alcoholismo en instituciones educativas / Alcoholism prevention in educative institutions

RESUMEN Cuba posee una profunda voluntad política para la realización de programas de promoción de salud. Un papel protagónico en este sentido lo tiene el Ministerio de Salud Pública y el Ministerio de Educación. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de lograr la sistematización de los fundamentos teóricos que sustentan la formación inicial del maestro y el tratamiento que durante esta etapa se le da a la promoción de salud y la prevención de adicciones. Se identificaron un grupo de insuficiencias que requieren de un serio tratamiento en la labor a acometer en los centros cubanos de la educación para que se implementen acciones de promoción y prevención de adicciones por el maestro (AU).

ABSTRACT Cuba has a deep political will of carrying out health promotion programs. The Ministry of Public Health and the Ministry of Education play an important role in this field. The authors carried out a bibliographic review aimed at systematizing the theoretic fundaments that are at the basis of the teacher's initial training and the treatment given to health promotion and addiction prevention at this stage. A group of insufficiencies was identified in Cuban educational institutions requiring a serious approach for the teachers to perform actions of addictions prevention (AU).

Práticas integrativas e complementares na saúde mental do estudante universitário / Integrative and complementary practices in the mental health of university students / Prácticas integradoras y complementarias en la salud mental del estudiante universitário

Esse relato objetiva descrever um trabalho interprofissional realizado na Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, que oferece o atendimento aos estudantes, visando minimizar os efeitos da adaptação ao meio universitário, contribuindo para sua afiliação, e diminuindo a evasão. O atendimento com Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde se deu a partir da instalação de um Laboratório por uma docente da área da Saúde, no qual foram realizados no primeiro semestre de 2018, 213 atendimentos. As principais queixas atendidas foram: ansiedade, labilidade emocional, dores cervicais e lombares, insônia, estados de desânimo, além de cefaleia e falta de concentração. Houve melhora significativa dos quadros clínicos já nas primeiras sessões, sem a necessidade de intervenção medicamentosa. Concluiu-se que este trabalho é exitoso e pioneiro no que tange a abordagem transdisciplinar e interprofissional, na prevenção do agravamento do quadro de ansiedade, minimizando a medicalização desnecessária, sendo importante a divulgação e maior aprofundamento teórico, podendo servir de modelo a outros serviços

This report aims to present an interprofessional work carried out at the Federal University of the South of Bahia, which provides assistance to students, aiming to minimize the effects of adaptation to the university environment, contributing to their affiliation, and reducing evasion. The attendance with Integrative and Complementary Practices in Health came from the installation of a Laboratory by a professor in the area of Health, where 213 consultations were performed in the first half of 2018. The main complaints were: anxiety, emotional lability, lumbar and neck pain, insomnia, states of discouragement, headache and lack of concentration. There was a significant improvement in clinical settings in the first sessions, without the need for drug intervention. It was concluded that this work is successful and pioneer in what concerns the transdisciplinary and interprofessional approach, in the prevention of the aggravation of the anxiety, minimizing unnecessary medicalization, being important the diffusion and greater theoretical depth, being able to serve as a model for other services

Este relato tiene el objetivo de presentar un trabajo interprofesional realizado en la Universidad Federal del Sur de Bahía, que ofrece la atención a los estudiantes, buscando minimizar los efectos de la adaptación al medio universitario, contribuyendo para su afiliación, y disminuyendo la evasión. La atención con Prácticas Integrativas y Complementarias en Salud se dio a partir de la instalación de un Laboratorio por una docente del área de la Salud, en el cual se realizaron en el primer semestre de 2018, 213 atendimientos. Las principales quejas atendidas fueron: ansiedad, labilidad emocional, dolores cervicales y lumbares, insomnio, estados de desánimo, además de cefalea y falta de concentración. Se observó una mejora significativa de los cuadros clínicos ya en las primeras sesiones, sin la necesidad de intervención medicamentosa. Se concluyó que este trabajo es exitoso y pionero en lo que se refiere al abordaje transdisciplinario e interprofesional, en la prevención del agravamiento del cuadro de ansiedad, minimizando la medicalización innecesaria, siendo importante la divulgación y mayor profundización teórica, pudiendo servir de modelo a otros servicios

La prevención del alcoholismo en instituciones educativas / Alcoholism prevention in educative institutions

RESUMEN Cuba posee una profunda voluntad política para la realización de programas de promoción de salud. Un papel protagónico en este sentido lo tiene el Ministerio de Salud Pública y el Ministerio de Educación. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de lograr la sistematización de los fundamentos teóricos que sustentan la formación inicial del maestro y el tratamiento que durante esta etapa se le da a la promoción de salud y la prevención de adicciones. Se identificaron un grupo de insuficiencias que requieren de un serio tratamiento en la labor a acometer en los centros cubanos de la educación para que se implementen acciones de promoción y prevención de adicciones por el maestro.

ABSTRACT Cuba has a deep political will of carrying out health promotion programs. The Ministry of Public Health and the Ministry of Education play an important role in this field. The authors carried out a bibliographic review aimed at systematizing the theoretic fundaments that are at the basis of the teacher's initial training and the treatment given to health promotion and addiction prevention at this stage. A group of insufficiencies was identified in Cuban educational institutions requiring a serious approach for the teachers to perform actions of addictions prevention.

Blood pressure control rates measured in specialty vs primary care practices within a large integrated health system.

Blood pressure measurement is a diagnostic test and a key component of assessing and managing hypertension, a major contributor to cardiovascular risk. Based on real-world clinical observations within a large, university-based, accountable care organization, we sought to assess whether blood pressure control results varied by the assessment setting, primary care versus specialty. We studied the most recent outpatient measurement for patients with hypertension during the 2016 calendar year and categorized each as being performed in a primary care or specialty setting, and as being controlled (<140/90 mm Hg) or uncontrolled. Among the 86 512 patients identified, the 43 364 whose most recent blood pressure measurement was in a specialty setting were significantly less likely to be controlled compared to the 43 148 whose most recent measurement was in primary care (63% vs 68%, respectively, OR = 0.83 [0.80-0.85]). For the 27 955 patients who had measurements performed in both settings during the year, the control rates based upon their most recent specialty and primary care measurements were 63% and 71%, respectively (OR = 0.62, 0.60-0.65). For the subsets of patients whose measurements in each setting were within 30 or within seven days of each other, the odds of control in the specialty versus primary care setting were 0.63 (0.58-0.75) and 0.65 (0.57-0.75), respectively. Health systems should weigh the value of performing blood pressure measurement in specialty settings that do not manage this condition, taking into consideration the resources required to perform it and the potential negative consequences of inaccurate measurements.

A mindfulness-based intervention to increase resilience to stress in university students (the Mindful Student Study): a pragmatic randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: The rising number of young people going to university has led to concerns about an increasing demand for student mental health services. We aimed to assess whether provision of mindfulness courses to university students would improve their resilience to stress. METHODS: We did this pragmatic randomised controlled trial at the University of Cambridge, UK. Students aged 18 years or older with no severe mental illness or crisis (self-assessed) were randomly assigned (1:1), via remote survey software using computer-generated random numbers, to receive either an 8 week mindfulness course adapted for university students (Mindfulness Skills for Students [MSS]) plus mental health support as usual, or mental health support as usual alone. Participants and the study management team were aware of group allocation, but allocation was concealed from the researchers, outcome assessors, and study statistician. The primary outcome was self-reported psychological distress during the examination period, as measured with the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation Outcome Measure (CORE-OM), with higher scores indicating more distress. The primary analysis was by intention to treat. This trial is registered with the Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, number ACTRN12615001160527. FINDINGS: Between Sept 28, 2015, and Jan 15, 2016, we randomly assigned 616 students to the MSS group (n=309) or the support as usual group (n=307). 453 (74%) participants completed the CORE-OM during the examination period and 182 (59%) MSS participants completed at least half of the course. MSS reduced distress scores during the examination period compared with support as usual, with mean CORE-OM scores of 0·87 (SD 0·50) in 237 MSS participants versus 1·11 (0·57) in 216 support as usual participants (adjusted mean difference -0·14, 95% CI -0·22 to -0·06; p=0·001), showing a moderate effect size (ß -0·44, 95% CI -0·60 to -0·29; p<0·0001). 123 (57%) of 214 participants in the support as usual group had distress scores above an accepted clinical threshold compared with 88 (37%) of 235 participants in the MSS group. On average, six students (95% CI four to ten) needed to be offered the MSS course to prevent one from experiencing clinical levels of distress. No participants had adverse reactions related to self-harm, suicidality, or harm to others. INTERPRETATION: Our findings show that provision of mindfulness training could be an effective component of a wider student mental health strategy. Further comparative effectiveness research with inclusion of controls for non-specific effects is needed to define a range of additional, effective interventions to increase resilience to stress in university students. FUNDING: University of Cambridge and National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care East of England.

Salud mental comunitaria, atención primaria de salud y universidades promotoras de salud en Ecuador / Community mental health, primary health care and health promoting universities in Ecuador / Saúde mental comunitária, atenção primária à saúde e universidades promotoras de saúde no Equador

RESUMEN El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la situación actual de la salud mental en Ecuador. En Ecuador, aunque el modelo de salud mental comunitaria está integrado en los servicios de atención primaria de salud desde hace una década, su implementación no parece tener los resultados esperados. Resulta pertinente indagar sobre las causas que determinan esta situación y proponer posibles alternativas, tomando como referencia los aportes de la medicina social, la salud colectiva y la investigación de acción participativa como modelos emblemáticos en América Latina en el ámbito de la salud mental. Para la implementación eficaz de la salud mental comunitaria en la atención primaria en Ecuador es trascendental el rol que poseen las universidades, en particular en los proyectos de vinculación con la comunidad y en las prácticas preprofesionales de las carreras de ciencias de la salud. Estos permiten incorporar prácticas de promoción de salud mental comunitaria en el primer nivel de atención de salud desde una perspectiva crítica, abierta a la complejidad y basada en el principio de que la comunidad es el principal sujeto activo de transformación social.

ABSTRACT The objective of this paper is to describe the current situation of mental health in Ecuador. In Ecuador, although the model of community mental health has been integrated into primary health care services for a decade, its implementation does not seem to have the expected results. It is pertinent to explore the causes of this situation and to propose alternatives, taking into account the contributions of social medicine, collective health and participatory action research as emblematic models in Latin America in the field of mental health. For an effective implementation of community mental health in primary care in Ecuador, the role of universities is central, specifically in projects linked to the community and in pre-professional practices in health sciences careers. These projects allow the promotion of community mental health in the first level of health care from a critical perspective, open to complexity and based on the principle that the community is the main active subject of social transformation.

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é descrever o estado atual de saúde mental no Equador, um país onde embora o modelo de saúde mental comunitaria está integrado em atenção primária à saúde por uma década, sua implementação parece não ter os resultados esperados. É pertinente indagar sobre as causas que determinam essa situação e propor possíveis alternativas, tomando como referência as contribuições da medicina social, da saúde coletiva e da pesquisa-ação participativa como modelos emblemáticos na América Latina no campo da saúde mental. Para a implementação efetiva da saúde mental comunitária na atenção primária no Equador o papel das universidades é crucial, particularmente em projetos ligados à comunidade e nas práticas pré-profissionais das carreiras das ciências da saúde. Estes permitem incorporar práticas comunitárias de promoção da saúde mental no primeiro nível de atenção à saúde sob uma perspectiva crítica, aberta à complexidade e baseada no princípio de que a comunidade é o principal sujeito ativo da transformação social.

Using online interventions to deliver college student mental health resources: Evidence from randomized clinical trials.

This study evaluated the efficacy of Internet-based stress management programs for college students. This approach is particularly fitting for students owing to a lack of mental health resources on campus and to high levels of Internet use among students. Because a history of interpersonal trauma (IPT) is associated with more distress and poorer academic performance, IPT history was assessed as a moderator of intervention efficacy. Students (N = 365) were randomly assigned to a mindfulness plus present control intervention, a mindfulness only intervention, or a stress management information condition that served as an active comparison. Prior research has supported the efficacy of the mindfulness plus present control intervention (Nguyen-Feng et al., 2015). Outcome measures were self-report measures of stress, anxiety, depression, and perceived stress completed online at preintervention, postintervention, and 2 follow-ups (2-3 weeks and 4-5 weeks postintervention). Linear mixed modeling was used to assess change over time. Participants in all 3 groups reported significant decreases on all primary outcomes. All time-by-intervention group interaction effects were nonsignificant, suggesting that the 3 conditions were equally effective. When examining IPT history as a moderator, the mindfulness plus present control and stress management conditions were both more effective for IPT survivors than the mindfulness only intervention. Results suggested that Internet-based interventions are effective for lowering distress among college students and that specific approaches may be differentially effective for certain subgroups of students. They also suggested that providing students with stress management information without providing training in 1 specific skill may also be helpful. (PsycINFO Database Record

The role of therapy fears, ethnic identity, and spirituality on access to mental health treatment among Latino college students.

This study examined the impact of therapy fears, ethnicity identity, and spirituality on the use of mental health service among Latino college students. Participants were 83 Latino college students (78% female) recruited from a university in Central Texas. Analyses of the results indicated that previous mental health services use was negatively correlated with spirituality. Previous use of mental health services was positively correlated with participants' views that their ethnic community and religious affiliation did not influence their decisions to seek services. Additionally, ethnic identity was positively correlated with spirituality. Furthermore, participants' views that their ethnic community did not influence their decisions to seek services were correlated with religious affiliation. Therapy fears were positively correlated with participants' views that their ethnic community and religious affiliation did not influence their decisions to seek services. MANOVA analyses indicated that only spirituality (not therapy fears or ethnic identity) significantly impacted Latino college students' decisions to seek counseling services. Finally, regression analyses indicated that spiritual meaning and religious affiliation predicts service use. Implications for research and practice in college counseling centers are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record

Reducing barriers to mental health care for student-athletes: An integrated care model.

Research suggests that National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I student-athletes have higher levels of stress and other behavioral health issues, including substance use, than nonathletes. For several reasons, student-athletes may be less likely to admit to behavioral health issues and seek mental health care. Integrated care is a model of care that integrates behavioral health into a medical practice. This article explores the newly released NCAA Best Mental Health Practice guidelines and the application of integrated care to a Division I athletic training room setting using the three-worldview framework for successful integration, incorporating clinical outcomes, operational reliability, and financial stability. (PsycINFO Database Record

The Relationship Between Suicide Ideation, Behavioral Health, and College Academic Performance.

The impact of suicidal ideation on college students' academic performance has yet to be examined, yet mental health is often linked with academic performance. Underclassmen and upperclassmen were compared on behavioral health outcomes related to academic success (N = 26,457). Ideation (b = -0.05, p < .05), increased mental health (b = -0.03, p < .01) or substance use severity (b = -0.02, p < .01) was associated with lower GPAs. Underclassmen's behavioral health severity was related to lower GPA. Students reported higher GPAs when participating in extracurricular activities during the past year. Ideation, beyond mental health, is an important when assessing academic performance. Increasing students' connections benefits students experiencing behavioral concerns but also aids in suicide prevention initiatives and improves academic outcomes. Creating integrated health care systems on campus where physical, mental health and academic support services is crucial to offer solutions for students with severe or co-morbid mental health histories.

Prevalence and Predictors of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Use Among Ivy League College Students: Implications for Student Health Services.

OBJECTIVE: Determine prevalence and types of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies used and test the significance of demographics and social cognitive constructs as predictors of CAM use in a college sample. Secondary purpose was to guide the integration of CAM therapies into college health services. PARTICIPANTS: Random, stratified sample of 2,553 undergraduates and graduate students enrolled at Columbia University. METHODS: Web-based survey e-mailed to a random sample of 6,482 students. Regression analyses used to determine predictors of CAM use. RESULTS: Nearly 82% of respondents reported using at least 1 form of CAM in the last 12 months, the most common being nonvitamin, nonmineral (NVNM) products, yoga, deep breathing exercises, massage therapy, and meditation. Sex, student home origin, outcome expectancies, observational learning, and attitude toward CAM were found as significant predictors of CAM use. CONCLUSIONS: Ongoing assessment of CAM use can assist administrators and providers to enhance college health services and programs.

Holistic Needs of University Students with Invisible Disabilities: A Qualitative Study.

AIM: To inform rehabilitation professionals' role in supporting transition to higher education through identification and description of disability related needs experienced by university students. METHODS: Participants were recruited from a large research-intensive university in the southeastern United States and included 13 students eligible for university disability services, 9 university personnel, and 1 parent of a university student with a disability. Disabilities of study participants were invisible; all but one chose to disclose diagnostic information. Data from 15 individual interviews and 2 focus groups were analyzed for themes. RESULTS: The Navigating Parallel Demands theme elucidates the ways disability related needs extended beyond the classroom to areas of health and wellness, social, and daily living. Navigation in Context describes personal and environmental circumstances surrounding processes used to meet a broad-range of demands. CONCLUSION: University participation requires students with disabilities to navigate and manage a wide range of demands while securing appropriate supports. Findings inform rehabilitation professionals in providing anticipatory guidance when preparing students with invisible disabilities for postsecondary educational transitions.

Iron deficiency anaemia in reproductive age women attending obstetrics and gynecology outpatient of university health centre in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.

BACKGROUND: Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional disorder in the world. The aim of this questionnaire based survey study was to determine the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in reproductive age women, and their relation to variables such as age, marital status, education with those attending obstetrics and gynecology outpatient of King Faisal University Health Centre in Al-Ahsa in eastern region of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted for the period of 6 month staring from September 2012 to February 2013. The questionnaire had three sections on personal information: their educational indicators, gynecological clinical history, and hematological indices. RESULTS: The average age was 25.97±7.17 years. According to the gynecological clinical history of the respondents, 15 (48.4%) respondents were pregnant while 16 (51.6%) were not pregnant. There was significant effect of pregnancy status on Hb level. Majority of the anemic respondents 15/17 were married. Moreover 14/17 anemic women were experiencing severe menstrual bleeding, 11/17 respondents were pregnant. 54.8% of respondents were hemoglobin deficient while 77.4% were found to have low Hct. In 87.1 % of the respondents, transferrin saturation was found to be abnormal. CONCLUSION: In this study iron deficiency anemia is quite prevalent in the university community especially among pregnant women. The fetus's and newborn infant's iron status depends on the iron status of the pregnant woman and therefore, iron deficiency in the mother-to-be means that growing fetus probably will be iron deficient as well. Thus iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy in well-educated set up needs more attention by the concerned authorities.