ABSTRACT
We evaluated the in vitro activity of miltefosine against 29 Pythium spp. and the in vivo therapeutic response of 2mg/kg/day of miltefosine given orally to rabbit with pythiosis induced experimentally. The MICs (in µg/mL) of miltefosine was medium-dependent and ranged from 0.5 to 2 and 32-64 on RPMI 1640 and Mueller Hinton broth, respectively. The treatment with miltefosine demonstrated significantly lower subcutaneous lesion areas compared to the control group but was not sufficient for the complete remission of the lesions. This study indicates that miltefosine has limited efficacy against pythiosis and furthers in vitro and in vivo studies are necessary to determine the possible potential of this drug in the treatment of pythiosis.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Dermatomycoses/drug therapy , Phosphorylcholine/analogs & derivatives , Pythiosis/drug therapy , Animals , Dermatomycoses/microbiology , Dermatomycoses/pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Disease Progression , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Humans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Phosphorylcholine/therapeutic use , Pythiosis/microbiology , Pythiosis/pathology , Pythium/isolation & purification , Pythium/pathogenicity , Rabbits , Subcutaneous Tissue/microbiology , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
There have been no case reports of thoracic subcutaneous abscess after surgery for Mycobacterium abscessus complex associated empyema. We herein report a case of Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. abscessus (M. abscessus subsp. abscessus) induced subcutaneous abscesses following surgical treatment for concurrent M. abscessus subsp. abscessus -associated empyema and pneumothorax. A 75-year-old woman had M. abscessus subsp. abscessus -associated empyema and pneumothorax. She underwent surgical treatment of decortication and fistulectomy and suffered from M. abscessus subsp. abscessus -associated subcutaneous abscesses after thoracentesis/drainage. A multidisciplinary approach combined with surgical care, thermal therapy, and multidrug chemotherapy contributed to a successful result. An early multidisciplinary approach is believed to be important in cases of M. abscessus subsp. abscessus -associated empyema and subcutaneous abscess.
Subject(s)
Abscess/microbiology , Empyema, Pleural/microbiology , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/diagnosis , Mycobacterium abscessus/isolation & purification , Subcutaneous Tissue/pathology , Abscess/diagnosis , Abscess/therapy , Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Empyema, Pleural/complications , Empyema, Pleural/diagnosis , Empyema, Pleural/drug therapy , Female , Humans , Hyperthermia, Induced/methods , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/complications , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/drug therapy , Pneumothorax/complications , Pneumothorax/diagnosis , Pneumothorax/microbiology , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/microbiology , Subcutaneous Tissue/microbiology , Thorax/diagnostic imaging , Thorax/pathology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Based on aroeira's (Myracrodruon urundeuva) antimicrobial activity and a future trend to compose intracanal medication, the aim of this study was to assess in vivo inflamatory tissue response to the extracts by edemogenic and histological analysis containing inactivated facultative and anaerobic microorganisms. For edema quantification, eighteen animals were divided into three groups (n = 3, periods: 3 and 6 hours) and 0.2 mL of 1% Evans blue per 100 g of body weight was injected into the penile vein under general anesthesia. After 30 min the animals received a subcutaneous injection in the dorsal region of aqueous or ethanolic extract of aroeira or saline (control) containing inactivated bacteria. Samples were collected, immersed in formamide for 72h, and evaluated by spectrophotometry (630 m). For histological analysis, polyethylene tubes with the extracts were implanted in the dorsal of 30 male rats. Analysis of the fibrous capsule and inflammatory infiltrate were performed after 7 and 30 days. The aqueous extract group induced less edema in both postoperative periods compared to the other groups, but the differences were not significant (p > 0.05). Tissue repair was significantly better after 30 days than after 7 days (p < 0.01). The aqueous solution showed less inflammatory response than the ethanolic solution (p < 0.05), with tendency for better results than control after 7 days. After 30 days, the response to both extracts was similar to control. The aqueous and ethanolic aroeira extracts containing inactivated microorganisms showed a trend for better results than saline, even when associated with microorganisms, and facilitated the tissue repair process.
Subject(s)
Anacardiaceae/chemistry , Edema/prevention & control , Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects , Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects , Inflammation/prevention & control , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Subcutaneous Tissue/microbiology , Animals , Edema/pathology , Gram-Negative Bacteria/classification , Gram-Positive Bacteria/classification , Inflammation/pathology , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Subcutaneous Tissue/drug effects , Subcutaneous Tissue/pathology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Abstract: Based on aroeira's (Myracrodruon urundeuva) antimicrobial activity and a future trend to compose intracanal medication, the aim of this study was to assess in vivo inflamatory tissue response to the extracts by edemogenic and histological analysis containing inactivated facultative and anaerobic microorganisms. For edema quantification, eighteen animals were divided into three groups (n = 3, periods: 3 and 6 hours) and 0.2 mL of 1% Evans blue per 100 g of body weight was injected into the penile vein under general anesthesia. After 30 min the animals received a subcutaneous injection in the dorsal region of aqueous or ethanolic extract of aroeira or saline (control) containing inactivated bacteria. Samples were collected, immersed in formamide for 72h, and evaluated by spectrophotometry (630 m). For histological analysis, polyethylene tubes with the extracts were implanted in the dorsal of 30 male rats. Analysis of the fibrous capsule and inflammatory infiltrate were performed after 7 and 30 days. The aqueous extract group induced less edema in both postoperative periods compared to the other groups, but the differences were not significant (p > 0.05). Tissue repair was significantly better after 30 days than after 7 days (p < 0.01). The aqueous solution showed less inflammatory response than the ethanolic solution (p < 0.05), with tendency for better results than control after 7 days. After 30 days, the response to both extracts was similar to control. The aqueous and ethanolic aroeira extracts containing inactivated microorganisms showed a trend for better results than saline, even when associated with microorganisms, and facilitated the tissue repair process.