Effect of an online Workplace Vocal Health and Low Stress Levels Promotion Program implemented in a Colombian university during COVID-19 pandemic.

PURPOSE: To determine the effect of an online Workplace Vocal Health and Low Stress Levels (WVHLS) Promotion Program implemented in a Colombian university during COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This research was a quasi-experimental study. Twenty-nine professors participated in this study within two groups: (1) intervention group (n=17) or (2) non-intervention group (n=12). Participants in the intervention group took part in four virtual sessions about how to improve vocal health and strategies to reduce stress levels during their homeworking and online classes. Teachers filled in a questionnaire including questions about working conditions, work-related stress, and the voice functioning (including the Vocal Fatigue Index-VFI). They also recorded a voice sample of a sustained vowel on two separate occasions (before and after the follow-up). RESULTS: At the end of the follow-up, there was a tendency to reduce Factor 1 of VFI in the intervention group. Although, all participants had a longer MPT at the end of the study compared with the baseline measures, males in the intervention group had longer MPT compared with other participants. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest a positive effect of a WVHLS promotion program on reducing vocal fatigue perception measured by means of the Vocal Fatigue Index and improving coordination and control of breathing speech measured MPT. These changes at the end of the follow-up may indicate that holistic programs that include voice care recommendations, breathing exercises, vocal warm-up, cold-down and laryngeal relaxation vocal exercises, and stress management may be beneficial for reducing work-related stress and voice symptoms among professors.

Effect of Pompage on Vocal and Respiratory Measurements from Female Teachers: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

INTRODUCTION: Teachers stand out among occupational groups due to their contribution to modern societies, and their voice is the main form of interaction. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to verify the changes in vocal and respiratory measurements from teachers with vocal and musculoskeletal complaints and with normal larynx after applying a musculoskeletal manipulation protocol of myofascial release using pompage. METHODS: Controlled and randomized clinical trial with 56 participants: 28 teachers in the study group and 28 teachers in the control group. Anamnesis, videolaryngoscopy, hearing screening, sound pressure and maximum phonation time measurements, and manovacuometry were performed. The musculoskeletal manipulation protocol of myofascial release using pompage consisted of a total of 24 sessions, 40 min for each session, three times a week, for 8 weeks. RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in the maximum respiratory pressure in the study group after the intervention. The sound pressure level and the maximum phonation time did not change significantly. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Musculoskeletal manipulation protocol of myofascial release using pompage had a direct effect on the respiratory measurements from female teachers, significantly increasing the maximum respiratory pressure but without affecting sound pressure level and the /a/ maximum phonation time.

Effects of intensive speech treatment on Mandarin speakers with Parkinson's Disease: A review.

BACKGROUND: Benefits of intensive speech treatment have been documented for a range of speech signs in English speakers with Parkinson's Disease (PD). However, the answer to a critical question that whether the same treatment benefits speech variables including intelligibility in Mandarin speakers is still unclear. In order to develop a targeted speech treatment for Mandarin speakers with PD, we reviewed the efficacy of intensive speech treatment to improve vocal loudness and functional communication and discuss possible explanations for efficacy on Mandarin speakers with PD. METHODS: Literatures about intensive speech treatment for Mandarin speakers with PD were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang and Weipu Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP) Database. Search strategy was (voice therapy OR speech therapy OR voice treatment OR speech treatment OR voice training OR speech training OR voice rehabilitation OR speech rehabilitation OR Lee Silverman voice treatment OR intensive speech treatment) and (Parkinson's disease) and (Mandarin speakers OR Chinese OR Chinese people). RESULTS: Five randomized controlled trials were selected and possible explanations for efficacy on individuals with PD are discussed. Further research directions are suggested. CONCLUSION: The existing evidence from treatment efficacy studies of intensive speech treatment provides support for improving vocal loudness, speech intelligibility, pitch and rate in Mandarin speakers with PD. Our future research will continue to work to conduct a large sample multicenter randomized controlled trial to provide high quality evidence and understand the basic mechanisms accompanying treatment-related change.

Voice-Related Problems, Vocal and Non-Vocal Habits in Naradiya Kirtankars: A Preliminary Study.

OBJECTIVE: Naradiya kirtan is a part of India's rich folk heritage. Voice demands of the kirtankar (kirtan performer) include a combination of recitation, narration, and singing. Slight to moderate deviations in their voice could hamper their public image as well as endanger their career. A preliminary study was undertaken to explore the voice problems, vocal and non-vocal habits of Naradiya kirtankars. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study design. METHOD: A 22-item questionnaire was developed in English language and translated to Marathi language. This questionnaire was administered on 40 Naradiya kirtankars through purposive sampling. Participants included Naradiya kirtankars located in Mumbai and Pune cities with minimum of one-year training in the field and proficiency in Marathi language. RESULTS: Statistical analysis revealed that kirtankars might be at a risk of developing voice problems. Among the kirtankars with voice problems, frequently pursued primary occupations involving extensive voice use, performed in a noisy environment, indulged in excessive talking, strained the neck muscles while voicing, impersonated voice, had reduced duration of sleep, and hearing difficulty as compared to kirtankars without voice problems. CONCLUSION: Study findings highlight the need for dedicated efforts towards increasing the awareness among the kirtankars' about the vocal, non-vocal factors associated with voice problems and the role of voice health-care professionals in voice care.

Effect of Pompage on Teachers Self-Assessment-Clinical Trial.

OBJECTIVE: To verify the results of self-assessments of teachers with vocal and musculoskeletal complaints and with the normal larynx, after myofascial release using pompage. METHODS: Double-blind, controlled, and randomized clinical trial including 28 teachers in the study group and 28 teachers in the control group, totaling 56 participants. Anamnesis, video laryngoscopy, hearing screening, clinical and photogrammetric postural assessment, pain threshold in cervical muscles, sound pressure and maximum phonation time measurements, and manovacuometry were performed. Protocols for vocal self-assessment, neck pain, anxiety and depression, and musculoskeletal pain were filled out. Pompage therapy consisted of a total of 24 sessions (8 weeks) of 40 minutes each, three times a week. Afterward, the groups were reassessed. RESULTS: In the study group, there was a significant improvement in the results of the following instruments: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Vocal Tract Discomfort Scale, Voice Symptoms Scale, Vocal Activity and Participation Profile, Vocal Handicap Index, Voice-Related Quality of Life, and Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS: After myofascial release using pompage in teachers, there was an improvement in the self-assessed aspects regarding characteristics and quality of life related to the voice, social participation related to the voice, anxiety and depression, and musculoskeletal symptoms.

The effects of surface electrical stimulation plus voice therapy in Parkinson's disease.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the effects of surface electrical stimulation plus voice therapy on voice in dysphonic patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. METHOD: Patients were assigned to 3 treatment groups (n = 28 per group) and received daily treatment for 3 weeks on 5 days a week. All three groups received voice therapy (usual care). In addition, two groups received surface electrical stimulation, either motor-level or sensory-level stimulation. A standardised measurement protocol to evaluate therapeutic effects included the Voice Handicap Index and videolaryngostroboscopy. RESULTS: Voice Handicap Index and videolaryngostroboscopic assessment showed statistically significant differences between baseline and post-treatment across all groups, without any post-treatment differences between the three groups. CONCLUSION: Intensive voice therapy (usual care) improved idiopathic Parkinson's disease patients' self-assessment of voice impairment and the videolaryngostroboscopic outcome score. However, surface electrical stimulation used as an add-on to usual care did not improve idiopathic Parkinson's disease patients' self-assessment of voice impairment or the videolaryngostroboscopic outcome scores any further.

Association of Genre of Singing and Phonotraumatic Vocal Fold Lesions in Singers.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To determine if (1) the likelihood of presenting with phonotraumatic lesions differs by singing genre in treatment-seeking singers and (2) if the distribution of phonotraumatic lesion types differs by singing genre. STUDY TYPE: Retrospective. METHODS: Records of singers who presented with a voice complaint over the course of 2.5 years (June 2017-December 2019) were reviewed to determine the proportion of those with phonotraumatic lesions as a function of genre (Study 1). Separately, the lesion types and genres of singers diagnosed with phonotraumatic lesions over a 9-year period (July 2011-March 2020) were determined (Study 2). RESULTS: In Study 1, 191 of 712 (26.8%) dysphonic singers were diagnosed with phonotraumatic lesions. Country/folk, gospel/jazz, and musical theater singers were more likely to present with phonotraumatic lesions. In Study 2, in 443 singers with phonotraumatic lesions, polyps and pseudocysts, but not nodules, were found to be distributed unequally across genres (χ2 p = 0.006, p < 0.0001, p = 0.064, respectively). Praise/worship singers had significantly higher proportions of polyps compared to choral singers (OR 4.8 [95% CI 1.9-12.5]) or compared to musical theater singers (OR 7.2 [95% CI 2.5-20.8]). Opera singers had significantly higher proportions of pseudocysts than choral singers (OR 3.1 [95% CI 1.5-6.1]) or musical theater singers (OR 3.7 [95% CI 1.8-7.6]). CONCLUSIONS: The higher incidence of polyps in praise/worship singers likely reflects the more emphatic nature of singing and the tendency for acute injury. The higher incidence of pseudocysts in opera singers may reflect a more chronic nature of injury. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 133:1683-1689, 2023.

Safety of office-based flexible endoscopic procedures of the pharynx and larynx under topical anesthesia.

INTRODUCTION: Flexible endoscopic procedures (FEP) using a working channel allowed otolaryngologists to perform more procedures on the pharynx and the larynx under local anesthesia. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the feasibility and safety of this technique by studying the adverse effects of this practice in an office-based setting. METHODS: This is a monocentric retrospective cohort study. We searched the database using the French procedural code for FEP performed in an outpatient setting between January 2005 and December 2020. Data regarding the patient's characteristics, indications, and periprocedural complications were extracted. RESULTS: In total, we included 231 patients with a total of 308 FEP: 36% biopsy, 20% hyaluronic acid injection (including 3.5% at the level of the cavum), 20% injection of other substances (in descending order: botulinum toxin, cidofovir, physiological serum, cortisone), 20% exploration for an occult tumor, 3% samples for microbiological analysis, 1% other procedures. Of the 308 FEP included in this study, 24 patients (10.3%) had complications corresponding to 7.8% of the procedures performed. During the procedures, reported complications include minor laryngeal bleeding (n = 5), vasovagal syncope (n = 5), laryngospasm (n = 1) or nausea (n = 3), dysphagia (n = 3), and voice disorders (n = 3). Post-procedural complications were hypertensive crisis (n = 1), asthma attack (n = 1), pneumonia (n = 1), laryngitis (n = 1). Using the Clavien-Dindo classification system, these complications could be defined as grade I (laryngeal bleeding, vasovagal syncope, laryngospasm, dysphagia, nausea, voice disorders, and laryngitis) and grade II (hypertensive crisis, asthma attack, pneumonia) in 9.1% and 1.2% of cases, respectively. Most of these complications were self-limiting, while asthma attacks, pneumonia, laryngitis, and voice disorders required a medical intervention. All complications were managed without sequelae. There was no serious complication grade (no grade III, IV or V). CONCLUSIONS: FEP, which is now well standardized in our institution, makes it possible to carry out a wide range of interventions with little morbidity. These results are in line with those of literature but this technique remains out of nomenclature in France. Our experience led to the development of an evidence-based standard of care that can serve as a framework for practitioners on a nationwide level, while the work to establish official guidelines by the French society of phoniatrics and laryngology is in progress.

Reducing the gap between science and clinic: lessons from academia and professional practice - part B: traditional vocal therapy techniques and modern electrostimulation and photobiomodulation techniques applied to vocal rehabilitation. / Reduzindo o gap entre a ciência e a clínica: lições da academia e da prática profissional ­ parte B: técnicas tradicionais de terapia vocal e técnicas modernas de eletroestimulação e fotobiomodulação aplicadas à reabilitação vocal.

This text is the continuation of the XVIII SBFa Congress publication. In part "A" we presented the analyses on clinical vocal evaluation. Part "B" focuses on vocal rehabilitation: 4. Traditional techniques of vocal therapy; 5. Modern techniques of electrostimulation and photobiomodulation applied to vocal rehabilitation. The numerous studies on the various programs, methods, and techniques of traditional rehabilitation techniques, and many with high quality of evidence, allow us to consider such procedures relatively well described, safe, and with known effects, accounting for the treatment of various vocal disorders. The scientific evidence with traditional techniques is recognized worldwide. New fronts of evolution, with electrostimulation or photobiomodulation used to handle voice problems, seem to be promising as coadjutant approaches. There are more studies on electrostimulation in vocal rehabilitation than with photobiomodulation; however, scientific evidence for these two modern techniques is still limited. Knowledge and caution are required for the application of either technique.

O presente texto é a continuação da publicação referente ao XVIII Congresso da SBFa. Na parte "A" apresentamos análises sobre avaliação clínica vocal. O foco da parte "B" são aspectos de reabilitação vocal: 4. Técnicas tradicionais de terapia vocal; 5. Técnicas modernas de eletroestimulação e fotobiomodulação aplicadas à reabilitação. Os inúmeros estudos sobre os diversos programas, métodos ou técnicas tradicionais de reabilitação, muitos de elevada qualidade de evidência, permitem considerar tais procedimentos relativamente bem descritos, seguros e com efeitos conhecidos, dando conta do tratamento de diversos distúrbios vocais. As evidências científicas com as técnicas tradicionais são reconhecidas mundialmente. Novas frentes de evolução, como o uso da eletroestimulação ou fotobiomodulação em voz parecem ser promissoras como abordagens coadjuvantes. Há mais estudos sobre eletroestimulação em voz do que com fotobiomodulação, contudo, evidências científicas para essas duas técnicas modernas são ainda limitadas. Conhecimento e cautela são necessários para a aplicação de quaisquer técnicas.

Ambulatory Voice Biofeedback: Acquisition and Retention of Modified Daily Voice Use in Patients With Phonotraumatic Vocal Hyperfunction.

PURPOSE: Voice ambulatory biofeedback (VAB) has potential to improve carryover of therapeutic voice use into daily life. Previous work in vocally healthy participants demonstrated that motor learning inspired variations to VAB produced expected differences in acquisition and retention of modified daily voice use. This proof-of-concept study was designed to evaluate whether these VAB variations have the same desired effects on acquisition and retention in patients with phonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction (PVH). METHOD: Seventeen female patients with PVH wore an ambulatory voice monitor for 6 days: three baseline days, one biofeedback day, one short-term retention day, and one long-term retention day. Short- and long-term retention were 1- and 7-days postbiofeedback, respectively. Patients were block-randomized to receive one of three types of VAB: 100%, 25%, and Summary. Performance was measured in terms of adherence time below a subject-specific vocal intensity threshold. RESULTS: All three types of VAB produced a biofeedback effect with 13 out of 17 patients displaying an increase in adherence time compared to baseline days. Additionally, multiple patients from each VAB group increased their adherence time during short- and/or long-term retention monitoring compared to baseline. CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that VAB can be associated with acquisition and retention of desired voice use in patients with PVH. Specifically, all three feedback types improved multiple patients' performance and retention for up to 1 week after biofeedback removal. Future work can investigate the impact of incorporating VAB into voice therapy.

Neuroauriculotherapy: Framework and Remarks for a possible use in Voice Medicine / Neuroauriculoterapia: marco y observaciones para un posible uso en medicina de la voz

Aim. Neuroauriculotherapy (NAT) is a branch of medicine, which, thanks to its diagnostic and therapeutic value, is a powerful tool at the service of both physician and patient. In our experience, as it is discussed in this article, neuroauriculotherapy can have successful applications in voice science and in phoniatrics. The aim of this article is to open a discussion about possible applications of neuroauriculotherapy in voice medicine. Introduction. From the diagnostic point of view, it is possible to explore, with a palpeur (i.e., a tool that provides a constant pressure) or a "spot-hunter", the presence of a perturbation into a particular organ or area, and its return to normal during treatment. Indeed, at the level of the ear auricle, representations of an organ, its in-nervation, its muscular components, etc., are fixed. These spots or voxels correspond absolutely to the respective sensory, motor, visceral, among other spots. Therefore, if any abnormal potential comes from the periphery, it will illuminate the spots both at the cortical level and in the pavilion ­a real display with a constantly active touch screen. The spot can be treated with needles in the context of a neurophysiological strategy to send a message to the brain.Reflection. NAT appears to be a good method to improve the treatment of voice problems, enhancing the results of other therapies based on drugs or rehab and in-ducing relaxation. In neuroauriculotherapy, the ear is used to give the brain orders in a process which has a logical basis in neurophysiology.Conclusion. Diseases of the vocal tract can be dysfunctional or organic. According to our clinical experience, we can say that neuroauriculotherapy can be used in both cases. Neuroauriculotherapy is also extremely effective in voice therapy, both alone and in combination with other therapies, as there is no conflict among them

Objetivo. La neuroauriculoterapia (NAT) es una rama de la medicina que, gracias a su valor diagnóstico y terapéutico, constituye una poderosa herramienta al servicio del médico y del paciente. En nuestra experiencia, como se comenta en este artículo, la neuroauriculoterapia puede tener aplicaciones exitosas en la ciencia de la voz y en foniatría. El objetivo de este artículo es abrir una discusión sobre las posibles aplica-ciones de la neuroauriculoterapia en la medicina de la voz.Introducción. Desde el punto de vista del diagnóstico, es posible explorar, con un palpeur (i.e., una herramienta que proporciona una presión constante) o un "spot-hunter", la presencia de una perturbación en un órgano o área en particular, y su retorno a la normalidad durante el tratamiento. En efecto, a nivel del pabellón auricular se fijan representaciones de un órgano, su inervación, sus componentes musculares, etc. Estos puntos o vóxeles corresponden absolutamente a los respectivos puntos sensoriales, motores, viscerales, entre otros. Por lo tanto, si algún potencial anormal proviene de la periferia, iluminará los puntos tanto a nivel cortical como en el pabellón ­una pantalla real con una pantalla táctil constantemente activa. El punto se puede tratar con agujas en el contexto de una estrategia neurofisiológica para enviar un mensaje al cerebro.Reflexión. NAT parece ser un buen método para mejorar el tratamiento de los problemas de voz, potenciando los resultados de otras terapias basadas en fármacos o rehabilitación e induciendo a la relajación. En neuroauriculoterapia se utiliza el oído para dar órdenes al cerebro en un proceso que tiene una base lógica en la neurofisiología.Conclusión. Las enfermedades del tracto vocal pueden ser disfuncionales u orgáni-cas. Según nuestra experiencia clínica, podemos decir que la neuroauriculoterapia se puede utilizar en ambos casos. La neuroauriculoterapia también es extremadamente eficaz en la terapia de la voz, tanto sola como en combinación con otras terapias, ya que no existe conflicto entre ellas

The Impact of Fish Oil Supplementation on Self-Perception of the Voice in Vocal Performers: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.

PURPOSE: Physically active adults have experienced training benefits from fish oil-derived omega-3 fatty acid (FO n3), which may also be of benefit to singers. The purpose of this research study was to determine if self-reported vocal adaptations and body composition changes occur in singers following FO n3 supplementation in conjunction with a singer's normal training regimen. METHOD: Twenty college students, currently enrolled in vocal lessons at a university, were randomized to receive either 3.0 g of FO n3 or placebo, which they took during a 10-week study period. Participants were blinded to group assignment. Participants completed the Reflux Symptom Index (RSI), Singing Voice Handicap Index-10 (SVHI-10), and the Evaluation of Ability to Sing Easily (EASE) and submitted to body composition measures (weight, skeletal mass, and body fat mass) before and after the study period. RESULTS: Sixteen participants completed all parts of the study protocol. Mean compliance for the placebo group (83.9%) and the supplement group (75.2%) was similar. There were no significant differences in body composition measures, RSI scores, and EASE scores between groups. Scores on the SVHI-10 decreased significantly over time for all participants. CONCLUSIONS: Improvements seen in the SVHI-10 were not meaningfully different between the supplement and placebo group, pointing to the benefit of weekly lessons. The lack of changes in the questionnaire scores in the supplement group are partially attributed to the low compliance rate and low sample size, which is supported by the lack of change in the body composition measures.

Effects of Cough Suppression Therapy on Voice Disorder Severity.

OBJECTIVES//HYPOTHESIS: To determine changes in voice severity when treating chronic cough refractory to medical treatment with cough suppression therapy (CST) in patients with chronic cough and voice complaints. Chronic cough has been reported to be refractory to medical treatment and frequently co-occurs with voice disorders. The possible effects of CST on self-assessed changes in chronic cough and voice disorders have not been demonstrated. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of the effects of cough suppression therapy (CST) on self-assessed changes in chronic cough and voice disorder severity in patients with both chronic cough and voice disorders. METHODS: Forty-three adult patients with the primary complaint of chronic refractory cough underwent pre- and post-treatment diagnostic examinations, completed pre- and post-treatment Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10) and Cough Severity Index assessments, and were treated by a licensed speech-language pathologist using CST. Twenty-seven subjects were assigned to the cough (C) group and 16 to the cough-voice (CV) group based on the severity of their VHI-10 scores. RESULTS: Post-test analysis showed significant improvement in cough severity for both groups and significant improvement in voice severity for the CV group. The VHI-10 scores for the C group did not change significantly. The median number of treatment sessions was 3, with a range of 1-13 sessions. Correlation between changes in severity and number of treatment sessions was not found to be significant at the tested level. CONCLUSIONS: CST represents a unifying approach for treatment of patients with CRC and comorbid voice disorders. CST offered cross-over effects to the voice when subjects were treated for their primary complaint of chronic cough. This treatment of the primary complaint improves function in systems that share a common pathway. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 131:2747-2751, 2021.

Speech and language therapy assessment of patients on the 2-week wait head and neck cancer referral pathway: evidence and opinion following a pilot study.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Spiralling numbers of patients are being referred on the two-week wait (2WW) head and neck cancer referral pathway. Only a small proportion are found to have cancer. There is a call for change in the management of these referrals, particularly following coronavirus. Allied health professionals (AHPs) are being encouraged by the NHS to extend their clinical practice to address increased demand. Speech and Language Therapists (SLTs) may offer a solution to some of the 2WW pathway's challenges. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent evidence highlights problems with the pathway and reasons for change. Hoarse voice is consistently found to be the most common presenting symptom. Emerging evidence suggests SLTs can extend their scope of practice to manage new hoarse voice referrals. A pilot project is described. Outcomes from this and other ongoing studies explore efficacy and investment required to make this proposal an achievable prospect for the future. SUMMARY: The management of 2WW referrals on the head and neck cancer pathway needs to change. Preliminary findings suggest SLTs working within the context of the multidisciplinary team can safely extended their role to improve management of these patients. Professional role outline, recognition, guidance, and training framework are needed.

Functional electrostimulation associated with phonation in women without vocal disorders. / Eletroestimulação funcional associada à fonação em mulheres sem alterações vocais.

PURPOSE: To verify the immediate effect of the Excitomotor Electrical Current, called Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES), on vocal quality, Maximum Phonation Time (MPT) and possible discomfort, in women without vocal alteration, with application at Maximum Supported Intensity (MSI) and associated with phonation. METHODS: Experimental study with 20 normophonic adult women. They emitted the sustained vowel / a / and then it was applied to FES during emission of the same vowel. There were five series with three minutes of emission each, interspersed with passive rest. The electrical stimulus was at the MSI by the participant, adjusted by series. Before and after the emissions the voices were recorded and the MPT and the intensity of the stimuli were collected. The vocal quality was rated by judges. Statistical analysis made it possible to compare pre and post emission / electrostimulation data in each phase. Qualitative analysis was performed based on self-reported symptoms. RESULTS: There was no difference in vocal quality and MPT between pre and post moments in both phases. The difference between MSI and stimulus perception intensity was greater in series 1 than in series 2. There was an increase in MSI in series 5 compared to series 1. No significant negative symptoms or within 48h after procedures were reported. CONCLUSION: The FES at MSI, associated with phonation, did not generate an immediate change in vocal quality, in the MPT or self-reported discomforts by women without vocal alteration, even with a gradual increase in the stimulus, series by series.

OBJETIVO: Verificar o efeito imediato da corrente elétrica excitomotora, denominada FES, na qualidade vocal e no tempo máximo de fonação (TMF), e possíveis desconfortos, em mulheres sem alteração vocal, com aplicação em intensidade máxima suportada (IMS) e associada à fonação. MÉTODO: Estudo experimental com 20 mulheres adultas normofônicas. Elas emitiram a vogal /a/ sustentada e depois foi aplicada a FES durante emissão da mesma vogal. Foram cinco séries com três minutos de emissão cada, intercaladas com descanso passivo; o estímulo elétrico foi na IMS pela participante, ajustado por série. Antes e após as emissões as vozes foram gravadas e coletados os TMF e a intensidade dos estímulos. A qualidade vocal foi classificada por juízes. Foram comparados os dados pré e pós emissão/eletroestimulação em cada fase. A análise qualitativa foi realizada a partir de sintomas autorreferidos. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença na qualidade vocal e nos TMF entre os momentos pré e pós nas duas fases. A diferença entre a IMS e a intensidade de percepção do estímulo foi maior na série 1 em relação à série 2. Houve aumento da IMS na série 5 em relação à série 1. Não foram relatados sintomas negativos imediatos ou em até 48 horas após os procedimentos. CONCLUSÃO: A corrente FES em IMS, associada à fonação, não gerou mudança imediata na qualidade vocal, nos TMF ou desconfortos autorreferidos pelas mulheres sem alteração vocal, mesmo com aumento gradual do estímulo.

Kampo Medicine for Essential Voice Tremor.

Voice tremor is a common symptom in the elderly, as well as in patients who have had Parkinson's disease and related disorders, and other neurologic conditions. In this study, we analyzed 26 patients whose essential tremor symptoms involved phonation alone and were treated in our clinic alone as essential voice tremor. Kampo medicine yokukansan was found to be effective in the treatment of essential voice tremor compared with clonazepam. We suggest that yokukansan may be one of the best choices for first-line treatment of essential voice tremor.

Eletroestimulação funcional associada à fonação em mulheres sem alterações vocais / Functional electrostimulation associated with phonation in women without vocal disorders

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar o efeito imediato da corrente elétrica excitomotora, denominada FES, na qualidade vocal e no tempo máximo de fonação (TMF), e possíveis desconfortos, em mulheres sem alteração vocal, com aplicação em intensidade máxima suportada (IMS) e associada à fonação. Método Estudo experimental com 20 mulheres adultas normofônicas. Elas emitiram a vogal /a/ sustentada e depois foi aplicada a FES durante emissão da mesma vogal. Foram cinco séries com três minutos de emissão cada, intercaladas com descanso passivo; o estímulo elétrico foi na IMS pela participante, ajustado por série. Antes e após as emissões as vozes foram gravadas e coletados os TMF e a intensidade dos estímulos. A qualidade vocal foi classificada por juízes. Foram comparados os dados pré e pós emissão/eletroestimulação em cada fase. A análise qualitativa foi realizada a partir de sintomas autorreferidos. Resultados Não houve diferença na qualidade vocal e nos TMF entre os momentos pré e pós nas duas fases. A diferença entre a IMS e a intensidade de percepção do estímulo foi maior na série 1 em relação à série 2. Houve aumento da IMS na série 5 em relação à série 1. Não foram relatados sintomas negativos imediatos ou em até 48 horas após os procedimentos. Conclusão A corrente FES em IMS, associada à fonação, não gerou mudança imediata na qualidade vocal, nos TMF ou desconfortos autorreferidos pelas mulheres sem alteração vocal, mesmo com aumento gradual do estímulo.

ABSTRACT Purpose To verify the immediate effect of the Excitomotor Electrical Current, called Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES), on vocal quality, Maximum Phonation Time (MPT) and possible discomfort, in women without vocal alteration, with application at Maximum Supported Intensity (MSI) and associated with phonation. Methods Experimental study with 20 normophonic adult women. They emitted the sustained vowel / a / and then it was applied to FES during emission of the same vowel. There were five series with three minutes of emission each, interspersed with passive rest. The electrical stimulus was at the MSI by the participant, adjusted by series. Before and after the emissions the voices were recorded and the MPT and the intensity of the stimuli were collected. The vocal quality was rated by judges. Statistical analysis made it possible to compare pre and post emission / electrostimulation data in each phase. Qualitative analysis was performed based on self-reported symptoms. Results There was no difference in vocal quality and MPT between pre and post moments in both phases. The difference between MSI and stimulus perception intensity was greater in series 1 than in series 2. There was an increase in MSI in series 5 compared to series 1. No significant negative symptoms or within 48h after procedures were reported. Conclusion The FES at MSI, associated with phonation, did not generate an immediate change in vocal quality, in the MPT or self-reported discomforts by women without vocal alteration, even with a gradual increase in the stimulus, series by series.

Singing Voice Therapy Revisited / Revisión de la terapia de voz cantada

Introduction. Singing is a type of sportive activity and, like sports medicine, profes-sional voice medicine is interested in the habilitation and rehabilitation of the vocal performer. The vocal needs of the professional vocal performer may not be similar to other professional or non-professional voice users. Like a professional athlete, a vocal performer's ability to perform for many decades at a high level will be enhanced by basing artistic and lifestyle decisions on a scientifically sound foundation. Objective. The aim of this study is to present a multidimensional introduction to the methods of SVT, incorporating the principles of sport and exercise medicine, and physical therapy and rehabilitation.Reflection. Singing voice therapy needs to provide answers to "what", "why", "how", and "when" questions. SVT must first correctly identify the problem, leading to the "how to do" solutions for a wide variety of cases, followed by a schedule of prescribed activities including answers to the "why" question (which exercise relates to which muscle). The periodization and motor learning principles provide a temporal answer to the "when" question when developing habilitation and/or rehabilitative protocols.Conclusion. Singing is not only an artistic expression, but also a sportive performance. The clinical approach to professional voice is a multidimensional and multilayered team effort. All practices are structured by blending scientific and ped-agogical knowledge

Introducción. El canto es una forma de actividad deportiva y, al igual que la medicina deportiva, la medicina vocal profesional se interesa por la habilitación y rehabilitación del intérprete vocal. Las necesidades vocales del intérprete vocal profesional pueden no ser similares a las de otros usuarios de voz profesionales o no profesionales. Al igual que un atleta profesional, la capacidad de un intérprete vocal para desempeñarse durante muchas décadas a un alto nivel se mejorará al basar las decisiones artísticas y de estilo de vida en un fundamento científicamente sólido. Objetivo. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar una introducción multidimensional a los métodos de TSV, incorporando los principios de la medicina del deporte y el ejercicio, y la fisioterapia y rehabilitación. Reflexión. La terapia de la voz cantada debe proporcionar respuestas a preguntas de "qué", "por qué", "cómo" y "cuándo". SVT primero debe identificar correctamente el problema, lo que lleva a las soluciones de "cómo hacer" para una amplia variedad de casos, seguido de un programa de actividades prescritas que incluyen respuestas a la pregunta "por qué" (qué ejercicio se relaciona con qué músculo). Los principios de periodización y aprendizaje motor proporcionan una respuesta temporal a la pregunta de "cuándo", al desarrollar protocolos de habilitación y/o rehabilitación. Conclusión. Cantar no es solo una expresión artística, sino también una actuación deportiva. El enfoque clínico de la voz profesional es un esfuerzo de equipo multidimensional y de múltiples capas. Todas las prácticas están estructuradas, al combinar conocimientos científicos y pedagógicos.

Objetivos de intervención en voz: Una propuesta para su análisis y redacción / Voice therapy goals: a proposal for analysis and writing

Este artículo de reflexión aborda aspectos que dan cuenta de la complejidad en el planteamiento de objetivos en torno a los marcos de abordaje vocal contemporáneos. Se plantea la complejidad de la selección y redacción de objetivos para la interven-ción en voz holística y ecléctica, y desde ella, la necesidad de incorporar el modelo CIF y las recomendaciones de la ASHA para el desarrollo de objetivos centrados en la persona, tanto a corto como a largo plazo. Se propone la utilización del método de análisis SMART y su aplicación específica para objetivos de intervención de la voz. Además, se abordan los aspectos formales que se deben considerar para una redacción precisa. Finalmente, se ejemplifica la propuesta mediante un caso clínico. Esta propuesta pretende ser de utilidad para fines terapéuticos y/o para el ámbito académico, tanto en la discusión de la formulación y diseño de planes terapéuticos como en el pensamiento reflexivo asociado al abordaje vocal.

This reflective article addresses aspects that deal with the complexity of objective setting in contemporary vocal approach frameworks. It addresses the complexity in selecting and writing objectives for holistic and eclectic voice therapy and the need to incorporate the ICF model and ASHA recommendations for the development of person-centered goals in both the short and long term. The use of the SMART analysis method is proposed and its specific application for voice therapy goal. Also, the formal aspects to be considered for precise wording are addressed. Finally, the proposal is exemplified through a clinical case. This proposal is intended to be useful for therapeutic and/or academic purposes, both in discussing the formula-tion and design of therapeutic plans and the reflective thinking associated with the vocal approach.