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1.
Trop Anim Health Prod ; 53(6): 522, 2021 Oct 26.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34697645

RESUMEN

The present study investigated the effects of dietary fish and sunflower oils as sources of n-3, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on the expression of key lipogenic and cholesterologenic genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and tail adipose tissue (TAT) of fat-tailed sheep. Twenty-six male Afshari lambs were divided into 4 groups. Three groups were fed a high concentrate basal diet plus 100 g/lamb/day oil supplement (OS; 60 g sunflower oil and 40 g fish oil) beyond a 21-day adaptation period for 10, 20, and 30 days (groups OS10, OS20, and OS30; n = 6, each) until slaughter. A control group was slaughtered at the last day of adaptation (OS0; n = 4). Expression of PPARγ, SREBP-1c, and SREBP-2 were determined in TAT and SAT. All transcription factors had lower expression in SAT than TAT. Feeding OS induced a similar pattern of SREBP-1c expression in both TAT and SAT with highest values in OS20. SREBP-2 mRNA decreased by > 50% in TAT of OS30 compared to OS0, whereas the expression of SREBP-2 mRNA did not change in SAT in the same period. PPARγ expression was not affected over time either in SAT or TAT. Plasma concentrations of cholesterol and blood urea nitrogen increased in OS20. The comparison of gene expression responses to OS in TAT vs. SAT suggest that PUFA-mediated effects on lipid metabolism differ between SAT and TAT, which may be linked to the specific role of TAT in energy and water balance under arid conditions.


Asunto(s)
Helianthus , Tejido Adiposo , Animales , Suplementos Dietéticos , Ácidos Grasos , Aceites de Pescado , Ovinos , Proteína 1 de Unión a los Elementos Reguladores de Esteroles/genética , Aceite de Girasol
2.
Poult Sci ; 100(3): 100936, 2021 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33518298

RESUMEN

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the fiber source (wheat bran [WB] or sugar beet pulp [SBP]) and xylanase supplementation on production, egg quality, ileal digestibility, intestinal morphology, and gastrointestinal pH in aged laying hens. A total of 540 laying hens (Lohman LSL Lite; 70 wk of lay) were randomized into 10 treatments (6 replicate cages of 9 birds) consisting of a corn soy control supplemented with 0, 3, or 6% WB or SBP with or without xylanase (100 mg of xylanase preparation per kg) for a period of 9 wk in a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement. Hens fed with the diets containing either of the levels of SBP or 6% WB had lower hen-day production, and addition of the enzyme improved hen-day production (P < 0.05), but it could not compensate for the lost production due to the higher levels of either of the fiber sources. Supplementation of 6% SBP to the control diet decreased egg mass (P < 0.05). All fiber-supplemented diets significantly decreased ADFI, which was restored on enzyme addition, with the exception of 3% WB diet. Treatments had no effects on egg weight, feed conversion ratio, egg quality, and serum and carcass traits, except for ileum weight, which was greater in hens fed with the 6% SBP diet (P < 0.05). Adding 3% SBP increased ileal DM digestibility (P < 0.05). Addition of 3% WB improved jejunal villus height, villus height-to-crypt depth ratio, and villus surface area (P < 0.05). Villus surface area, DM, organic matter, and protein digestibility increased as a result of enzyme supplementation (P < 0.05). Cecal pH was reduced on feeding diets containing 3% WB, containing 3% SBP, and with enzyme supplementation (P < 0.05). In conclusion, addition of 3% WB in a corn soy control diet has the potential to improve small intestine morphology in older hens without adverse effects on performance, especially if accompanied by the use of an enzyme, which simultaneously improved morphological traits and nutrient digestibility.


Asunto(s)
Alimentación Animal , Pollos , Alimentación Animal/análisis , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales de los Animales , Animales , Dieta/veterinaria , Fibras de la Dieta , Suplementos Dietéticos , Femenino
3.
Phys Med Biol ; 61(17): N441-60, 2016 09 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27499388

RESUMEN

The hybrid technology cell-fluorescent ion track hybrid detector (Cell-Fit-HD) enables the investigation of radiation-related cellular events along single ion tracks on the subcellular scale in clinical ion beams. The Cell-Fit-HD comprises a fluorescent nuclear track detector (FNTD, the physical compartment), a device for individual particle detection and a substrate for viable cell-coating, i.e. the biological compartment. To date both compartments have been imaged sequentially in situ by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). This is yet in conflict with a functional read-out of the Cell-Fit-HD utilizing a fast live-cell imaging of the biological compartment with low phototoxicity on greater time scales. The read-out of the biological from the physical compartment was uncoupled. A read-out procedure was developed to image the cell layer by conventional widefield microscopy whereas the FNTD was imaged by CLSM. Point mapping registration of the confocal and widefield imaging data was performed. Non-fluorescent crystal defects (spinels) visible in both read-outs were used as control point pairs. The accuracy achieved was on the sub-µm scale. The read-out procedure by widefield microscopy does not impair the unique ability of spatial correlation by the Cell-Fit-HD. The uncoupling will enlarge the application potential of the hybrid technology significantly. The registration allows for an ultimate correlation of microscopic physical beam parameters and cell kinetics on greater time scales. The method reported herein will be instrumental for the introduction of a novel generation of compact detectors facilitating biodosimetric research towards high-throughput analysis.


Asunto(s)
Fenómenos Fisiológicos Celulares , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador/métodos , Microscopía Confocal/métodos , Radiometría/instrumentación , Radiometría/métodos , Células A549 , Óxido de Aluminio/química , Supervivencia Celular , Fluorescencia , Humanos , Transferencia Lineal de Energía , Microscopía Confocal/instrumentación
4.
Int J Clin Pract ; 70(5): 396-405, 2016 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27091752

RESUMEN

AIM: Effects of vitamin D supplementation on the glycaemic indices and insulin resistance in diabetic and non-diabetic patients were studied. In this study, effects of vitamin D supplementation on stress-induced hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance were evaluated in non-diabetic surgical critically ill patients. METHODS: Adult surgical patients with stress-induced hyperglycaemia within the first 24 h of admission to the ICU were recruited. The patients randomly assigned to receive either vitamin D or placebo. Patients in the vitamin D group received a single dose of 600,000 IU vitamin D3 as intramuscular injection at time of recruitment. Besides demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients, plasma glucose, insulin, 25(OH) D and adiponectin levels were measured at the time of ICU admission and day 7. Homoeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and homestasis model assessment adiponectin (HOMA-AD) ratio were considered at the times of assessment. RESULTS: Comparing with the baseline, plasma 25(OH) D level significantly increased in the subjects who received vitamin D (p = 0.04). Improvement in fasting plasma glucose levels was detected in day 7 of the study compared with the baseline status in both groups. HOMA-IR showed a decrement pattern in vitamin D group (p = 0.09). Fasting plasma adiponectin levels increased significantly in the vitamin D group (p = 0.007), but not in the placebo group (p = 0.38). Finally, changes in HOMA-AD ratio were not significant in the both groups. CONCLUSION: Vitamin D supplementation showed positive effect on plasma adiponectin level, as a biomarker of insulin sensitivity in surgical critically ill patients with stress-induced hyperglycaemia. However, effects of vitamin D supplementation on HOMA-IR and HOMA-AD as indicators of insulin resistance were not significant.


Asunto(s)
Hiperglucemia/tratamiento farmacológico , Resistencia a la Insulina , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/tratamiento farmacológico , Vitamina D/uso terapéutico , Vitaminas/uso terapéutico , Adiponectina/sangre , Adulto , Anciano , Glucemia/metabolismo , Enfermedad Crítica , Método Doble Ciego , Femenino , Humanos , Hiperglucemia/etiología , Insulina/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , Estudios Prospectivos , Estrés Fisiológico , Vitamina D/análogos & derivados , Vitamina D/sangre
5.
Oncogene ; 14(16): 1973-9, 1997 Apr 24.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9150364

RESUMEN

We have used a rat model of epithelial ovarian cancer to identify a gene that shows decreased or lost expression in independently transformed rat ovarian surface epithelial cell lines compared to the normal progenitor cells. Hence, we refer to this gene as Lot-1 (Lost on transformation 1, GenBank accession no. U72620). Here, we report the cloning of the likely human homologue and its initial characterization. The deduced amino acid sequences of the cDNAs for rat and human LOT-1 (GenBank accession no. U72621) contain seven zinc finger motifs of the C2H2 type as well as proline and glutamine rich areas. The genes share 76.4% identity at the nucleotide level, 67.7% at the amino acid level and 85.5% within the seven zinc finger motifs. LOT-1 is ubiquitously expressed in normal human tissues but was not expressed in four of 11 (36%) human ovarian cancer cell lines or spontaneously transformed human ovarian surface epithelial cells. The human gene maps to chromosome 6 at band q25. We show that there is a 38% incidence of allelic loss at this chromosomal location in human ovarian cancers. This chromosomal region has also been implicated in the genesis of breast, kidney, and pleural mesothelial cancers. We suggest that this newly identified gene is not only of intrinsic interest as a ubiquitously expressed probable transcription factor but is a plausible candidate for the tumor suppressor gene which likely resides in the region of chromosome 6 defined by band q25.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Ciclo Celular , Cromosomas Humanos Par 6 , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/genética , Genes Supresores de Tumor , Neoplasias Ováricas/genética , Factores de Transcripción , Dedos de Zinc/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Línea Celular Transformada , Deleción Cromosómica , Mapeo Cromosómico , Clonación Molecular , ADN Complementario , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/química , Epitelio , Femenino , Glutamina , Humanos , Hibridación Fluorescente in Situ , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Ovario , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Prolina , Ratas , Homología de Secuencia de Aminoácido , Proteínas Supresoras de Tumor
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