RESUMEN
The aim of this study is to understand the aetiological factors and pattern of burns caused by the use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). This hospital based study was conducted on consecutive patients admitted with major burns from September 2011 to August 2012. The data was recorded on predesigned data sheet. Age, gender, mode of injury, its exact mechanism, place of incidence, extent of burn and inhalation injury were recorded for every patient. 182 patients with LPG related burn injury were admitted in one year. This is 11% of total burn patients received during the same period (182/1656). 147 incidents caused these burns due to gas leak from various parts of the LPG cooking system. Leakage was either from the cylinder, pipe or stove in 52%, 36% and 2% incidents respectively. Human error accounted for 3% incidents while in 7% the mechanism could not be ascertained. Leakage from 5kg cylinder with pipe was the commonest aetiological factor. There were 14 group casualties with more than one victim involved. LPG related burns are preventable to a large extent. There is a need to improve the safety standards in the LPG stove system. Public awareness needs to be improved.
Asunto(s)
Accidentes Domésticos/estadística & datos numéricos , Quemaduras , Queroseno , Petróleo , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribución por Edad , Anciano , Quemaduras/epidemiología , Quemaduras/etiología , Niño , Preescolar , Culinaria , Femenino , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Incidencia , India/epidemiología , Lactante , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Distribución por Sexo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The role of zinc and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been investigated in protecting the hematopoietic progenitor cells from zidovudine (AZT)-induced toxicity. Murine bone marrow progenitor cells (BMPC, 1x10(6)) were exposed to various concentrations (0.1-50 microM) of AZT in the presence and absence of zinc acetate (100 microM) or NAC (100 microM). The cell survival was determined by the colony forming assays of erythroid (CFU-E) and granulocytic (CFU-GM) lineage. The IC50 values of AZT in the presence of zinc were increased approximately 3-fold (from 3.0 to 9.5 microM) in the CFU-E assay and 7-fold (from 4.3 to 28.8 microM) in the CFU-GM assay whereas in the presence of NAC, the IC50 values were increased by 2- and 4-fold, respectively. To delineate the mechanism of significant protection of BMPC by zinc, the mRNA levels of metallothionein (MT) were monitored by using a 31-mer cDNA probe. Zinc produced a concentration-dependent increase in the MT mRNA levels in BMPC. These results suggest that zinc and NAC dietary supplementation can be conveniently used to reduce AZT-induced bone marrow toxicity.
Asunto(s)
Acetilcisteína/uso terapéutico , Antídotos/uso terapéutico , Médula Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Zidovudina/efectos adversos , Zinc/uso terapéutico , Acetilcisteína/farmacología , Animales , Antídotos/farmacología , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Células Madre Hematopoyéticas/citología , Ratones , Zinc/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Garlic has been used in herbal medicine for thousands of years. While garlic oil contains many components and has been widely studied, the pharmacology of pure allicin, a constituent of garlic oil, is not well understood. We report that allicin inhibits human platelet aggregation in vitro without affecting cyclooxygenase or thromboxane synthase activity or cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) levels. Allicin does not alter the activity of vascular prostacyclin synthase. However, it inhibits ionophore A23187-stimulated human neutrophil lysosomal enzyme release. In vivo allicin dilates the mesenteric circulation of the cat independent of prostaglandin release or a beta adrenergic mechanism.