RESUMEN
The larvae of Lucilia sericata have been used for centuries as medicinal maggots in the healing of wounds. The present study aimed to screen potential microRNAs related to ES-induced wound healing in rat skin wounds and to investigate the potential mechanisms contributing to accelerated wound healing. Healthy, male, 12 weeks old Wistar albino rats weighing 250-300 g were supplied by the Animal Experimental Center. All animal studies were performed in accordance with the NIH Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Wistar albino rats were treated by ES after post wounding and the differentially expressed miRNAs in wound biopsies were screened by microarray analysis at the end of treatments for 4,7 and 10 days. In addition, bioinformatics approaches were used to identify the potential target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs and the functions of their target genes. We found a significant up-regulation of rno-miR-99a* and rno-mir-877 in response to ES treatment. Further investigation of rno-miR-99a* and rno-mir-877 and their target genes (TGFa, TNF, TAGLN, MAPK1, MMP-9) implicated in present study could provide new insight for an understanding lead to the development of new treatment strategies. The identified miRNAs can be new biomarkers for ES- induced wound healing.
Asunto(s)
Secreciones Corporales/química , Terapias Complementarias/métodos , MicroARNs/genética , Cicatrización de Heridas/genética , Heridas Penetrantes/terapia , Animales , Secreciones Corporales/metabolismo , Biología Computacional/métodos , Dípteros/química , Dípteros/fisiología , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Larva/química , Larva/fisiología , Masculino , Metaloproteinasa 9 de la Matriz/genética , Metaloproteinasa 9 de la Matriz/metabolismo , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Proteínas de Microfilamentos/genética , Proteínas de Microfilamentos/metabolismo , Proteína Quinasa 1 Activada por Mitógenos/genética , Proteína Quinasa 1 Activada por Mitógenos/metabolismo , Proteínas Musculares/genética , Proteínas Musculares/metabolismo , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador alfa/genética , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador alfa/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/genética , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Heridas Penetrantes/genética , Heridas Penetrantes/patologíaRESUMEN
The discovery of cannabinoids, with the well-known stimulatory effect of Cannabis sativa on appetite, has offered a new drug target for obesity treatment. Cannabinoids act on two different receptors: CB1 receptors which are sited in the brain and many peripheral tissues, and CB2 receptors which are primarily found in immune system cells. Cannabinoid receptor antagonists act centrally by blocking CB1 receptors, thereby reducing food intake. Moreover, they probably also act peripherally by increasing thermogenesis and therefore energy expenditure, as has been suggested by animal experiments. Despite these promising mechanisms of action, recent clinical studies examining the effect of the two CB1 receptor antagonists rimonabant and taranabant showed that the attained weight loss did not exceed that attained with other currently approved anti-obesity medications. Moreover, potentially severe psychiatric adverse effects limit their clinical use. As several new CB1 receptor antagonists are presently undergoing development, it remains to be elucidated to what extent they differ in terms of efficacy and safety. This review primarily discusses how close cannabinoid receptor antagonists are to the ideal anti-obesity drug, with respect to their mechanisms of action, clinical effectiveness and safety.