Hyperbaric oxygen therapy and coenzyme Q10 synergistically attenuates damage progression in spinal cord injury in a rat model.

BACKGROUND: Identifying effective spinal cord injury (SCI) treatments remains a major challenge, and current approaches are still unable to effectively improve its. Currently, we investigated the combined effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) along with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in the recovery of SCI in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ninety female mature Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into five equal groups, including; sham group, SCI group, HBO group (underwent SCI and received HBO), CoQ10 group (underwent SCI and received CoQ10), and HBO+CoQ10 group (underwent SCI and received HBO plus CoQ10). Tissue samples at the lesion site were obtained for evaluation of stereological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, molecular. Also, functional tests were performed to evaluate of behavioral properties. RESULTS: We found that a significant increase in stereological parameters, biochemical factors (GSH, SOD and CAT), IL-10 gene expression and behavioral functions (BBB and EMG Latency) in the treatment groups, especially HBO+CoQ10 group, compared to SCI group. In addition, MDA levels, the density of apoptotic cells, as well as expression of inflammatory genes (TNF-α and IL-1ß) were considerably reduced in the treatment groups, especially HBO+CoQ10 group, compared to SCI group. CONCLUSION: We conclude that co-administration of HBO and HBO+CoQ10 has a synergistic neuroprotective effects in animals undergoing SCI.

Perturbations in Microbiota Composition as a Novel Mediator in Neuropsychiatric, Neurological and Mental Disorders: Preventive and Therapeutic Complementary Therapies to Balance the Change.

Although microbiology and neurology are separate disciplines, they are linked to some infectious and neurological diseases. Today, microbiome is considered as one of the biomarkers of health by many researchers. This has led to the association of microbiome changes with many neurological diseases. The natural microbiota has many beneficial properties. If disrupted and altered, it can lead to irreversible complications and many neurological diseases. Therefore, according to previous studies, some preventive and therapeutic complementary therapies can prevent or restore microbiome dysbiosis and inflammation in the nervous system. With our current perception of the microbiological basis for different neurological disorders, both aspects of drug treatment and control of perturbations of the microbiome should be considered, and targeting them simultaneously will likely help to attain favorable results.

The bioengineered and multifunctional nanoparticles in pancreatic cancer therapy: Bioresponisive nanostructures, phototherapy and targeted drug delivery.

The multidisciplinary approaches in treatment of cancer appear to be essential in term of bringing benefits of several disciplines and their coordination in tumor elimination. Because of the biological and malignant features of cancer cells, they have ability of developing resistance to conventional therapies such as chemo- and radio-therapy. Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a malignant disease of gastrointestinal tract in which chemotherapy and radiotherapy are main tools in its treatment, and recently, nanocarriers have been emerged as promising structures in its therapy. The bioresponsive nanocarriers are able to respond to pH and redox, among others, in targeted delivery of cargo for specific treatment of PC. The loading drugs on the nanoparticles that can be synthetic or natural compounds, can help in more reduction in progression of PC through enhancing their intracellular accumulation in cancer cells. The encapsulation of genes in the nanoparticles can protect against degradation and promotes intracellular accumulation in tumor suppression. A new kind of therapy for cancer is phototherapy in which nanoparticles can stimulate both photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy through hyperthermia and ROS overgeneration to trigger cell death in PC. Therefore, synergistic therapy of phototherapy with chemotherapy is performed in accelerating tumor suppression. One of the important functions of nanotechnology is selective targeting of PC cells in reducing side effects on normal cells. The nanostructures are capable of being surface functionalized with aptamers, proteins and antibodies to specifically target PC cells in suppressing their progression. Therefore, a specific therapy for PC is provided and future implications for diagnosis of PC is suggested.

Cellular and Molecular Mechanism of Cell Proliferation in Human Gastric Cancer Drug-Resistant Cells After Hyperthermia and Cisplatin: Role of mRNAs and Long-Non-coding RNAs.

BACKGROUND: Since thermo-chemotherapy was suggested as an effective treatment for gastric cancer, we aimed to evaluate the effects of hyperthermia combined with cisplatin (DDP) on the inhibition of human gastric cancer drug-resistant cells in vitro and explore its possible mechanisms. METHODS: SGC-7901/DDP cells were cultured and divided into control, cisplatin, hyperthermia, and hyperthermia combined with cispla- tin groups. Hyperthermia was done at 42°C, 44°C, 46°C, 48°C, and 50°C for 12 h, 24 h, 36 h; 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl- 2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay detected the proliferation of SGC-7901/DDP at different time and temperature, and the apoptotic rate of SGC-7901/DDP cells was evaluated by using Annexin staining assay. High-throughput Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)- seq was applied to test long non-coding RNA expression in SGC-7901/DDP cells. Then, real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to verify the expression of long non-coding RNA in all groups. RESULTS: Double staining showed that hyperthermia combined with cisplatin increased the rate of early apoptosis of SGC-7901/DDP cells. Long non-coding RNA high-throughput ChIP-seq showed a significantly larger amount of long non-coding RNAs and mRNAs in the cells treated with hyperthermia combined cisplatin group in comparison with the control group. We observed that the upregulated mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs were highly related to immune system response and CD95 signaling pathway in nucleus, and down- regulated mRNAs and long non-coding RNA were highly related to Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor signaling pathway in cytoplasm. CONCLUSION: Hyperthermia combined with cisplatin reversed the expression of a large number of mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in human gastric cancer drug-resistant cells. The molecular mechanism of inhibiting the proliferation of human gastric cancer drug- resistant cells may be related to the upregulation of long non-coding RNAs and mRNAs contributed in CD95, mTOR, and TNF receptor signaling pathway.