RESUMEN
Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the complex of flavonoids from Lychnis chalcedonica L. were studied in the models of acute aseptic inflammation induced by carrageenan, histamine, and serotonin and acetic acid-induced painful chemical stimulation. It is demonstrated that course treatment with flavonoids derived from Lychnis chalcedonica L. produced a stable pharmacological effect comparable with that of the reference anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac.
Asunto(s)
Analgésicos/uso terapéutico , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Carragenina/toxicidad , Flavonoides/uso terapéutico , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Lychnis/química , Ácido Acético/toxicidad , Animales , Diclofenaco/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Histamina/toxicidad , Inflamación/inducido químicamente , Masculino , Ratones , Serotonina/toxicidadRESUMEN
Injection of 5-fluorouracil to animals caused a pronounced toxic effect. Therapeutic and preventive treatment with Salix viminalis leaf extract significantly reduced the negative effects of the antitumor drug: promoted recovery of the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and visceral parameters and prevented ulceration. Combined use of the cytostatic and Salix viminalis extract increased the efficiency of antitumor therapy.
Asunto(s)
Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/toxicidad , Fluorouracilo/toxicidad , Fitoterapia , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Salix/química , Animales , Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Recuento de Células Sanguíneas , Médula Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/secundario , Citostáticos/uso terapéutico , Citostáticos/toxicidad , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Etanol , Fluorouracilo/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades Hematológicas/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Hematológicas/prevención & control , Hematopoyesis/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Endogámicos CBA , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Hojas de la Planta/química , Solventes , Esplenomegalia/inducido químicamente , Esplenomegalia/prevención & control , Úlcera Gástrica/inducido químicamente , Úlcera Gástrica/prevención & control , Vísceras/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
We compared analgesic activities of individual alkaloids extracted from Baikal aconite (Aconitum baikalensis): napelline, hypaconitine, songorine, mesaconitine, 12-epinapelline N-oxide. The detected analgesic activity was comparable to that of sodium metamizole. The mechanisms of analgesia were different in diterpene alkaloids of different structure. The antinociceptive effect of atisine alkaloids (12-epinapelline N-oxide, songorine) was naloxonedependent and realized via opioid receptor modulation.
Asunto(s)
Aconitum/química , Analgésicos/farmacología , Dolor/prevención & control , Convulsiones/prevención & control , Ácido Acético , Aconitina/análogos & derivados , Aconitina/aislamiento & purificación , Aconitina/farmacología , Alcaloides/aislamiento & purificación , Alcaloides/farmacología , Analgésicos/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Animales no Consanguíneos , Artritis Experimental/inducido químicamente , Artritis Experimental/fisiopatología , Dipirona/farmacología , Adyuvante de Freund , Inyecciones Intraperitoneales , Ratones , Dolor/inducido químicamente , Dolor/fisiopatología , Extractos Vegetales/química , Ratas , Convulsiones/inducido químicamente , Convulsiones/fisiopatología , Vocalización Animal/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
We compared anti-inflammatory activity of individual diterpene alkaloids isolated from Aconitum baikalense (napelline, songorine, hypaconitine, mesaconitine, 12-epinapelline N-oxide) under conditions of acute inflammation of different genesis. The tested substances showed high antiexudative activity comparable with that of sodium diclofenac. Unlike nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, diterpene alkaloids exerted no ulcerogenic effect.
Asunto(s)
Aconitum/química , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Diterpenos/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Animales , Animales no Consanguíneos , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Diterpenos/uso terapéutico , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Edema/inducido químicamente , Edema/tratamiento farmacológico , Miembro Posterior/efectos de los fármacos , Miembro Posterior/patología , Ratones Endogámicos CBA , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Experimental investigations have shown that water-alcohol extracts from plants containing alkaloids (Aconitum baikalense, Aconitum septentrionale, Delphinium elatum L., Conium maculatum) and salicylic acid (Filipendula ulmaria, Salix viminalis, Fragaria vesca, Rubus idaeus) inhibited the development of main symptoms of inflammation, viz. exudation, pain, fever, to the same extent as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. The substances studied in this work may be used to develop new efficient pharmacological preparations for the treatment of different inflammatory conditions associated with severe pain syndrome.
Asunto(s)
Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Fitoterapia/métodos , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Aconitum/química , Alcaloides/análisis , Animales , Conium/química , Delphinium/química , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Femenino , Fragaria/química , Masculino , Ratones , Extractos Vegetales/química , Ratas , Ácido Salicílico/análisis , Salix/química , Siberia , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The antistressor and antioxidant properties of preparations from the underground part of elfwort (Inula helenium) were studied on a model of acute stress in mice. The preparations produced a protective effect with respect to internal organs, blood, carbohydrate metabolism, and lipid peroxidation process.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Inula/química , Fitoterapia , Estrés Psicológico/prevención & control , Enfermedad Aguda , Fosfatasa Alcalina/sangre , Animales , Glucemia/análisis , Femenino , Inulina/uso terapéutico , L-Lactato Deshidrogenasa/sangre , Recuento de Leucocitos , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Malondialdehído/sangre , Ratones , Úlcera Péptica Hemorrágica/etiología , Úlcera Péptica Hemorrágica/patología , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Raíces de Plantas/química , Úlcera Gástrica/etiología , Úlcera Gástrica/patología , Estrés Psicológico/complicaciones , Estrés Psicológico/patologíaRESUMEN
The paper outlines the principles in designing hemostimulators by using glycosamineglycans. Hemostimulating properties of the tested agents is likely to be primarily due to the presence of D-glucuronic acid in their structure. The homotypic mechanisms are largely responsible for all agents' effect in stimulating hemopoiesis. Thus, they all virtually activate the function of the hemopoiesis-inducing microenvironment. In addition, they directly or indirectly stimulate the processes of proliferation and differentiation of precursor cells of erythro- and granulomonocytopoiesis.
Asunto(s)
Diseño de Fármacos , Glicosaminoglicanos/farmacología , Hematopoyesis/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Animales , Médula Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Estimulación Química , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
The role of the sympathetic nervous system in the regulation of bone marrow hematopoiesis has been studied on mice CBA after administration of 5-fluorouracil (114 mg/kg). The double injection (3-5 minutes before and 5 hours after 5 + U) of ganglionic blocking drug (pentamine, 6 mg/kg), alpha-adrenergic (dihydroergotamine, 3.9 mg/kg) or beta-adrenergic antagonists (propranolol, 5 mg/kg) inhibited the post-cytostatic reparation of erythro- and granulocytopoiesis. Besides, addition of the same neurotropic antagonists and 5-FU (10(-7) M) to bone marrow culture led to 1.5-3 fold decrease of cell content in comparison with alone cytostatic after 24 hours incubation. On the contrary injection of neuroblocking agents (twice in 5 hours) on day 3 after 5-FU administration elevated the total count of erythroid cells immature and mature granulocytic leukocytes in bone marrow and polymorphonuclear leukocytes in blood. Thus, the unequal role of the sympathetic nervous system in the regulation of hematopoiesis at the different periods after high dose of 5-FU administration has been demonstrated.