Lack of Clinical Control in COPD Patients Depending on the Target and the Therapeutic Option.

Introduction: According to the Global Initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (GOLD), when a treatment is not achieving an appropriate response it should be switched taking into account the predominant treatable trait to target (dyspnea or exacerbations). The objective of the present study was to investigate the lack of clinical control according to the target and medication groups. Materials and Methods: This was a post-hoc analysis of the CLAVE study, an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study which evaluated the clinical control, and related-factors, in a cohort of 4801 patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The primary endpoint was the percentage of uncontrolled patients defined as COPD Assessment Test (CAT) >16 or presence of exacerbations in the last 3 months despite receiving long-acting beta2-agonist (LABA) and/or long-acting antimuscarinic antagonist (LAMA) with or without inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Secondary objectives included the description of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients by therapeutic group and the identification of characteristics potentially associated with the lack of control of COPD including low adherence measured by the test to adherence to inhalers (TAI). Results: In the dyspnea pathway, lack of clinical control was of 25.0% of patients receiving LABA or LAMA in monotherapy, 29.5% by those with LABA + LAMA, 38.3% with LABA + ICS and 37.0% with triple therapy (LABA + LAMA + ICS). In the exacerbation pathway, percentages were 87.1%, 76.7%, 83.3%, and 84.1%, respectively. Low physical activity and high Charlson comorbidity index were independent factor of non-control in all therapeutic groups. Additional factors were lower post-bronchodilator FEV1 and poor adherence to inhalers. Conclusion: There are still room for improvement in COPD control. From the pharmacological perspective, every step in treatment have a pool of uncontrolled patients in which a step-up could be considered according to a trait to target strategy.

Utilidad del índice FEV1/FEV6 en pacientes pluripatológicos hospitalizados para detectar la prevalencia de obstrucción pulmonar / Usefulness of the FEV1/FEV6 ratio to detect the prevalence of lung obstruction in hospitalised patients with multiple morbidities

Introducción. La prevalencia de obstrucción pulmonar aumenta con la edad y la presencia de comorbilidades. Aunque para confirmar su diagnóstico es necesario completar una espirometría, esta puede ser difícil de realizar en ancianos con deterioro cognitivo o dependencia funcional. Recientemente el uso de dispositivos portátiles que utilizan el índice FEV1/FEV6 han demostrado su utilidad para evaluar la presencia de obstrucción pulmonar, con una mayor facilidad de uso, aunque su utilidad en población anciana con pluripatología no ha sido establecida. Metodología. Estudio transversal, realizado en pacientes ingresados en la Unidad de pacientes crónicos complejos del Hospital Universitario Mútua de Terrassa. A todos ellos se les realizó un cuestionario que incluía -entre otras- medidas de dependencia funcional y deterioro cognitivo y se intentaron completar previamente al alta 3 maniobras válidas de FEV1/FEV6 con el aparato Piko-6, considerándose criterio de obstrucción un FEV1/FEV6≤0,75. Se analizaron las características de la población que fue capaz de realizar las pruebas, y la prevalencia de obstrucción pulmonar. Resultados. Se estudiaron 54 pacientes, de los cuales 35 (64,81%) realizaron las maniobras correctamente. Los pacientes que no completaron las maniobras tenían más dependencia funcional (Barthel 19 vs. 72, p<0,0001) y más deterioro cognitivo (Pfeiffer 1 vs. 9, p<0,0001; MEC 3/35 vs. 28/35, p<0,010). La prevalencia de obstrucción fue del 71,43%, con un 72% de infradiagnóstico. Conclusiones. En un 35,18% de los pacientes no se consiguió determinar el FEV1/FEV6, por deterioro cognitivo o dependencia funcional. Tanto la prevalencia de obstrucción como el infradiagnóstico superaron el 70% (AU)

Background. The prevalence of lung obstruction increases with age and the presence of comorbidities. Although a complete spirometry is necessary to confirm the diagnosis, this may be impractical in elderly patients with cognitive impairment or functional dependence. Recently, the use of portable devices using the FEV1/FEV6 ratio have shown to be useful for assessing the presence of lung obstruction, with greater ease of use, but its usefulness has not been established in the elderly population with multiple morbidities. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients hospitalised in the complex chronic patients Unit of the University Hospital Mútua de Terrassa. All of them completed a questionnaire that included -among other things- measurements of functional dependence and cognitive impairment. Three manoeuvres validated with the Piko-6 device were attempted before discharge, and considering an FEV1/FEV6<0.75 as criteria for obstruction. An analysis was performed on the characteristics of the population that was able to perform the tests, as well as the prevalence of pulmonary obstruction. Results. A total of 54 patients were included in the study, of which 35 (64.81%) performed the manoeuvres correctly. Patients who were unable to complete the manoeuvres of the Piko-6 had more functional dependence (Barthel 19 vs. 72, P<.0001) and cognitive impairment (Pfeiffer 1 vs. 9, P<.0001; MEC 28/35 vs. 3/35, P<.010). The prevalence of obstruction was 71.43%, with an underdiagnosis of 72%. Conclusions. The FEV1/FEV6 ratio was not determined in 35.18% of the patients due to cognitive impairment or functional dependence. The prevalence of obstruction and underdiagnosis exceeded 70% (AU)