Model infant formulas: Influence of types of whey proteins and lipid composition on the in vitro static digestion behavior.

This work aimed at evaluating the influence of types of whey proteins (lactoferrin, whey protein isolate and/or whey protein hydrolysates) and lipid composition (high oleic sunflower oil, coconut oil and/or medium chain triacylglycerols) on the behavior of model infant formulas (IFs) under simulated conditions of the infant gastrointestinal tract using an in vitro static digestion model. The physicochemical conditions of the gastric medium resulted in the aggregation of oil the droplets and partial hydrolysis of the proteins, considering whey proteins were resistant to the gastric conditions. However, after intestinal digestion the proteins from all the IFs were extensively hydrolyzed. The lipid composition of the IFs did not influence the protein hydrolysis, but the protein composition of the IFs altered the release of free fatty acids. The presence of lactoferrin in the IFs resulted in a higher free fatty acids release compared to IFs of same lipid composition. In terms of lipid composition, IFs containing coconut oil and medium chain triacylglycerols showed extremely higher free fatty acids release than those containing only long chain triacylglycerols. These results are promising for the design of infant foods containing fast-absorbing functional ingredients.

Uso da EDTACaNa2 por via intramuscular no tratamento por intoxicação por chumbo: a propósoto de um caso clinico / Use EDTACaNa2 intramusculary in the treatment of lead poisoning: a report of a clinical case

This essay aims at evaluating the amount of lead excreted in urine right after taking the chelating calcium disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTACaNa2) IM. EDTACaNa2 was absorbed by an worker chronically intoxicated by lead. The dose was 300mg daily for three days, IM. During the in- patient treatment there lead was dosed in blood (Pb-S), in urine (Pb-U) and urinary d -aminolevulinic (ALA-U). No side effects of the drug were observed. The therapy diminished 26 per cent Pb-S concentration. The serial evaluation of Pb-U excretion showed a meaningful increase after the first dose; its peak occurred 9 hours after it was taken and this increase persisted in the following days, while the drug was maintained, but in a lower proportion. The ALA-U value did not alter during the treatment. In this case the use of the chelating EDTACaNa2, IM, was effective and safe to treat lead poisoning. To control the effectiveness of the chelating course of treatment and the eventual necessity of another cycle of chelating therapy, the Pb-U dosing must be carried out in the urine collected up to 12 hours after the drug is taken via IM.

O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a concentração de chumbo excretado na urina nas horas subseqüentes à administração do quelante etilenodiaminotetracetato cálcico dissódico (EDTACaNa2) por via intramuscular (IM). Foi administrado EDTACaNa2 em um trabalhador com intoxicação crônica por chumbo. A dose aplicada foi de 300mg/dia, por 3 dias consecutivos, via IM. Durante o tratamento, realizado em regime hospitalar, foram dosados chumbo no sangue (Pb-S), chumbo na urina (Pb-U) e ácido delta aminolevulínico na urina (ALA-U). Não foram observados efeitos adversos da droga. A terapia diminuiu em 26 por cento a concentração de Pb-S. A avaliação seriada da excreção de Pb-U mostrou um aumento significativo após a primeira dose da medicação, tendo seu pico após 9 horas da sua administração; este aumento persistiu nos dias subsequentes,enquanto se mantinha a medicação, mas em menor proporção. O valor de ALA-U não teve alterações durante o tratamento. O uso do quelante EDTACaNa2 via IM, mostrou-se eficaze seguro para o tratamento de saturnismo neste caso. Para controle da efetividade da sua administração e da eventual necessidade de outro ciclo de terapia quelante, a dosagem de Pb-U deverá ser realizada na urina coletada até no mínimo 12 horas após a administração da droga via IM.