The effectiveness of propolis extract in reducing dentin hypersensitivity: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of propolis on dentin hypersensitivity reduction. DESIGN: The search was conducted in Pubmed, Scopus, Web of science, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature data base (Lilacs), Brazilian Library in Dentistry (BBO), Embase, and Cochrane Library aiming to identify relevant randomized clinical trials that evaluated the effect of propolis on dentin hypersensitivity. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used for assessing the risk of bias. RESULTS: From the total of 63 articles found in the search, six clinical trials were selected. All studies reported that propolis was more effective in reducing hypersensitivity than the placebo. No side effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, propolis extract can be considered an effective, safe and low-cost alternative to reduce the dentin hypersensitivity.

Comparison of different dentin pretreatment protocols on the bond strength of glass fiber post using self-etching adhesive.

INTRODUCTION: This study compared the influence of different irrigants with and without ultrasound or laser irradiation on the bond strength of glass fiber posts using a self-etching adhesive in a supplementary dentin pretreatment. METHODS: Ninety bovine incisor roots were divided into 3 groups according to the irrigant tested: 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) (n = 30); 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (n = 30), and saline solution (control) (n = 30). Each group was randomly divided into 3 subgroups according to the supplementary dentin pretreatment: ultrasound, Nd:YAG laser, and nonsupplemented (control). A self-etching adhesive system (Futurabond DC; VOCO GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany) was used, and the glass fiber posts were cemented with dual-cure epoxy-based luting agent (Bifix QM, VOCO GmbH). All roots were sectioned transversely, and the push-out test was performed. Failure mode analysis was also evaluated. RESULTS: Bond strength decreased significantly after the use of 2.5% NaOCl in all root thirds (P < .05). CHX showed no difference in the mean bond strength value compared with saline solution (P > .05). The supplementary dentin pretreatment using the Nd:YAG laser or ultrasound did not improve the bond strength values for both NaOCl and CHX (P > .05). Moreover, the apical third exhibited the lowest mean bond strength values (P < .05). Analysis indicated that the predominant failure mode was the mixed type. CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of the irrigant used, the supplementary dentin pretreatment with ultrasound or laser irradiation showed no improvement in bond strength. Also, the use of NaOCl decreased the bond strength of glass fiber posts using a self-etching adhesive system, whereas CHX preserved it.