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1.
Molecules ; 26(4)2021 Feb 19.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33669666

RESUMEN

Preliminary bioassay-guided fractionation was performed to identify cytotoxic compounds from Hechtia glomerata, a plant that is used in Mexican ethnomedicine. Organic and aqueous extracts were prepared from H. glomerata's leaves and evaluated against two cancer cell lines. The CHCl3/MeOH (1:1) active extract was fractionated, and the resulting fractions were assayed against prostate adenocarcinoma PC3 and breast adenocarcinoma MCF7 cell lines. Active fraction 4 was further analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry analysis to identify its active constituents. Among the compounds that were responsible for the cytotoxic effects of this fraction were flavonoids, phenolic acids, and aromatic compounds, of which p-coumaric acid (p-CA) and its derivatives were abundant. To understand the mechanisms that underlie p-CA cytotoxicity, a microarray assay was performed on PC3 cells that were treated or not with this compound. The results showed that mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) that regulate many cancer-related pathways were targeted by p-CA, which could be related to the reported effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS). A molecular docking study of p-CA showed that this phenolic acid targeted these protein active sites (MAPK8 and Serine/Threonine protein kinase 3) at the same binding site as their inhibitors. Thus, we hypothesize that p-CA produces ROS, directly affects the MAPK signaling pathway, and consequently causes apoptosis, among other effects. Additionally, p-CA could be used as a platform for the design of new MAPK inhibitors and re-sensitizing agents for resistant cancers.


Asunto(s)
Bromeliaceae/química , Ácidos Cumáricos/farmacología , Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por Mitógenos/antagonistas & inhibidores , Extractos Vegetales/química , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/farmacología , Bioensayo , Muerte Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Ácidos Cumáricos/química , Regulación hacia Abajo/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación hacia Abajo/genética , Humanos , Células MCF-7 , Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por Mitógenos/química , Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por Mitógenos/metabolismo , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Simulación de Dinámica Molecular , Células PC-3 , Fenoles/farmacología , Regulación hacia Arriba/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación hacia Arriba/genética
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