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1.
Arch Microbiol ; 205(2): 65, 2023 Jan 13.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36637545

RESUMEN

The increased demands for natural bioactive compounds have induced the search for unusual sources. Microorganisms, especially fungi are a potent source of secondary metabolites, which could act mainly as antioxidant compounds to prevent oxidative stress. In the present study three soil-isolated fungi Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus heteromorphus and Aspergillus fumigatus, were screened for their oleaginous property as well as their potential for the production of bioactive compounds. Fungal biomasses were freeze dried and extracted with methanol using a cold percolation process for the production of intracellular metabolites and the fungal culture media after fermentation were examined for extracellular metabolites. Intracellular and extracellular extracts of the isolated fungi along with the single-cell oils extracted from those fungi were screened for phytochemicals, which showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoides, glycosides, phenols, saponins and terpenoids. All strains showed potent antioxidant activity, determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) activity. Extracellular extract and single-cell oil of A. heteromorphus showed the highest antioxidant activity with maximum ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing potential. Highest content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds within the isolated fungi was found to be 37.58 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g and 62.07 mg catechine equivalent (CE)/g, respectively. Chromatographic analysis of the intracellular and extracellular extracts of the fungi showed the presence of gallic acid, di-hydroxy benzoic acid, ferulic acid, quercetin, epigerin, kampferol, trans cinnamic acid, chlorogenic acid and rutin, which made them biologically important and beneficial for human health.


Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Extractos Vegetales , Humanos , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Ácido Gálico/análisis , Fitoquímicos/farmacología , Fitoquímicos/química , Fenoles/análisis , Hongos , Lípidos
2.
J Oleo Sci ; 66(3): 217-226, 2017.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28250313

RESUMEN

The present study examined the nutritional properties of trans-free edible oleogels made from oil blends of rice bran and flaxseed in animal model. Oleogels were prepared by using mixture of palm stearin (PS) with cetyl laurate (CL) and palm stearin (PS) with cetyl caprylate (CC) as oleogelators. The oleogel samples were prepared with 15 weight % oleogelators (2:1 molar ratio of PS:CC or PS:CL) at 60°C with 1 hr constant stirring in blended oil. The prepared oleogel samples were subjected to DSC and XRD studies in order to evaluate their melting and crystal characteristics. Oleogel formed by using PS and CC showed the desired thermal characteristics. The peak melting temperature of the said sample was almost 44.5°C as determined by the DSC technique. The X-ray diffraction study clearly signified that the crystals were well developed. For nutritional evaluation, Male Wister rats were fed with prepared oleogel samples along with control diet for 4 weeks. Animals were divided into four groups. The control group was fed with normal stock diet containing blend of rice bran oil and flaxseed oil (4:1); one was fed with TFA rich vanaspati (TFA content is about 11.20%); experimental groups were fed with oleogel prepared by using PS:CC and oleogel prepared by using PS:CL respectively. Analysis of the blood lipid profile of the four groups was done. In vivo study established the cholesterol lowering properties of prepared oleogel samples which further enhanced the novelty of oleogel as healthy alternative of trans fat. The positive changes were more pronounced in case of rats fed with oleogel prepared with PS:CC as oleogelators. This study provides an elegant approach of producing trans-free edible quality oleogel with recognized cholesterol lowering property.


Asunto(s)
Micronutrientes/química , Micronutrientes/farmacología , Aceites de Plantas/química , Animales , Colesterol/sangre , Masculino , Micronutrientes/administración & dosificación , Compuestos Orgánicos/administración & dosificación , Compuestos Orgánicos/química , Compuestos Orgánicos/farmacología , Aceites de Plantas/administración & dosificación , Aceites de Plantas/farmacología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Aceite de Salvado de Arroz
3.
J Oleo Sci ; 63(11): 1117-24, 2014.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25354877

RESUMEN

The present study was adopted to evaluate the antioxidant efficacy of medium chain fatty acid (caprylic, capric and lauric) rich rice bran oils in comparison to rice bran oil in terms of altered biochemical parameters of oxidative stress following sodium arsenite treatment in rats. Animals were divided into ten groups; five normal groups and five arsenite treated groups. Results showed that activities of antioxidant enzymes in liver, brain and erythrocyte membrane increased with the administration of rice bran oil and MCFA rich rice bran oils both in normal and arsenite treated cases. Lipid peroxidation increased with the administration of sodium arsenite, but again administration of rice bran oil and MCFA rich rice bran oils decreased the lipid peroxidation. Caprylic acid rich rice bran oil showed the best ameliorative effects.


Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Arseniatos/toxicidad , Caprilatos/farmacología , Ácidos Decanoicos/farmacología , Ácidos Láuricos/farmacología , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Aceites de Plantas/farmacología , Animales , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Encéfalo/enzimología , Catalasa/metabolismo , Depresión Química , Membrana Eritrocítica/enzimología , Glutatión Reductasa/metabolismo , Hígado/enzimología , Masculino , Aceites de Plantas/química , Ratas Wistar , Aceite de Salvado de Arroz , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo
4.
J Oleo Sci ; 59(4): 169-76, 2010.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20299763

RESUMEN

The amount and characterization of phytosterol and other minor components present in three Indian minor seed oils, mahua (Madhuca latifolia), sal (Shorea robusta) and mango kernel (Mangifera indica), have been done. Theses oils have shown commercial importance as cocoa-butter substitutes because of their high symmetrical triglycerides content. The conventional thin layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography (GC) & gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) techniques were used to characterize the components and the high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) technique was used to quantify the each group of components. The experimental data showed that the all the three oils are rich in sterol content and among all the sterols, beta-sitosterol occupies the highest amount. Sal oil contains appreciable amount of cardenolides, gitoxigenin. Tocopherol is present only in mahua oil and oleyl alcohol is present in mango kernel oil. Hydrocarbon, squalene, is present in all the three oils. The characterization of these minor components will help to detect the presence of the particular oil in specific formulations and to assess its stability as well as nutritional quality of the specific oil.


Asunto(s)
Análisis de los Alimentos/métodos , Fitosteroles/análisis , Aceites de Plantas/química , Semillas/química , Escualeno/análisis , Tocoferoles/análisis , Cardenólidos/análisis , Cromatografía en Capa Delgada , Alcoholes Grasos/análisis , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Hidrocarburos/análisis , Sitoesteroles/análisis
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