Effects of Electroacupuncture on Hippocampal AcH3 and BDNF in the Rat Model of SNI-induced Pain-Depression Dyad / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo observe the impacts of electroacupuncture （EA） on the expression of hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） and acetylated histone （AcH3） in the rat model of spared nerve injury （SNI）， so as to explore the analgesic and antidepressant effects of EA. MethodsTwenty-four Male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups， with 6 in each group. SNI was used to establish the model of pain and depression. All the groups were intervened one week after SNI surgery and persisted 5 weeks. The EA group was treated with EA （2 Hz） for 30 min every other day and imipramine drug group （IMP） group with peritoneal imipramine injection （10 mg/kg） per day. The sham surgery group （SS） and model group （SNI） received the same grasping stimulation. The paw mechanical withdrawal threshold （PWT） test was performed before the SNI surgery， 1， 2， 3， 4， 5， and 6 weeks after surgery， respectively. The forced swimming test （FST） and the sucrose preference test （SPT） were performed 6 weeks after SNI surgery. The Western blot method was employed to detect the expression of BDNF and AcH3 from the rat hippocampal tissue at the end of the behavioral tests. ResultsCompared with the SS group， the SNI group had significantly decreased PWT and sucrose consumption， prolonged FST immobility time （all P<0.01）， down-regulated BDNF and AcH3 expression （P<0.05 & P<0.01） in the hippocampus， which indicated the successful construction of the pain-depression model. Compared with the SNI group， 6 weeks after SNI surgery， the EA and IMP groups had significantly increased PWT and sucrose consumption， and reduced FST immobility time （all P<0.01）； the EA group had up-regulated BDNF and AcH3 expression （both P<0.05） in the hippocampus， the IMP group had up-regulated AcH3 （P<0.05） expression but no difference in BDNF expression. ConclusionEA could relieve pain and depressive behavioral symptoms in SNI rats. And its analgesic and antidepressant mechanisms may relate to the up-regulation of hippocampal AcH3 and BDNF expression.

Effects of novel bioactive glasses on promoting remineralization of artificial dentin caries / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of novel bioactive glasses (BG) including PSC with high phosphorus component and FBG with fluorine-doped element on promoting remineralization of artificial dentin caries.@*METHODS@#(1) BGs were used in this study as follows: PSC (10.8%P2O5-54.2%SiO2-35.0%CaO, mol.%) were synthesized using phytic acid as the phosphorus precursor through sol-gel method. FBG (6.1%P2O5-37.0%SiO2-53.9%CaO-3.0%CaF2, mol.%) and 45S5(6.0%P2O5-45.0%SiO2-24.5%CaO-24.5%Na2O, mol.%) were synthesized by traditional melt method. (2) The above BGs were soaked in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 24 hours. Then X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to analyze the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals. (3) Prepared 1 mm thick dentin slices were soaked in 17% ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) for 1 week to demineralize the dentin. Then the dentin slices treated by BG were soaked in SBF for 1 week. Field emission scanning electron micro-scopy (FE-SEM) was used to observe the surface morphology of the dentin slices. (4) Four cavities were prepared to 1 mm depth in each 2 mm thick dentin slice, then were treated with lactic acid for 2 weeks to form the artificial dentin caries. Wax, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), PSC and FBG were used to fill four cavities as blank control group, MTA group, PSC group and FBG group respectively. Then the spe-cimens were soaked in SBF for 4 weeks. The changes of depth and density of demineralized dentin were analyzed using Micro-CT before filling and after 2 and 4 weeks filling.@*RESULTS@#(1) PSC and FBG promoted mineral formation on the surfaces of the demineralized dentin. And the speed was faster and crystallinity was higher in PSC group than the FBG and 45S5 groups. (2) The increased mineral density of artificial dentin caries in PSC group were (185.98 ± 55.66) mg/cm3 and (213.64 ± 36.01) mg/cm3 2 and 4 weeks after filling respectively, which were significantly higher than the control group [(20.38 ± 7.55) mg/cm3, P=0.006; (36.46 ± 10.79) mg/cm3, P=0.001]. At meanwhile, PSC group was also higher than MTA group [(57.29 ± 10.09) mg/cm3; (111.02 ± 22.06) mg/cm3], and it had statistical difference (P=0.015; P=0.006). The depth of remineralized dentin in PSC group were (40.0 ± 16.9) μm and (54.5 ± 17.8) μm 2 and 4 weeks respectively, which were also statistically different from the control group (P =0.010;P=0.001). There were no statistical differences between the control group and MTA group. The above effects of FBG group were between PSC and MTA.@*CONCLUSION@#PSC has advantages in the speed, quality and depth of mineral deposition in the demineralized layer of artificial dentin caries. It would be expected to be an ideal material to promote the remineralization of dentin caries.

Protective Effect of Modified Danshenyin and Erchentang on Intimal Injury Caused by Carotid Atherosclerosis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To discuss the clinical efficacy of modified Danshenyin and Erchentang in treating carotid atherosclerosis （CAS）， and the effect on intimal injury. Method:Patients （151 cases） were divided into control group （75 cases） and observation group （76 cases）. Specifically， 69 cases in control finished the treatment （4 cases fell off in follow-up， and 2 cases were eliminated）， and 69 cases in observation group finished the treatment （3 cases fell off in follow-up， and 4 cases were eliminated）. Patients in both group got atorvastatin calcium tablets， 10 mg/time， 1 time/day， and aspirin enteric-coated tablets， 100 mg/time， 1 time/day. Patients in control group got Hedan tablets， 2 tablets/time， 3 times/day. Patients in observation group got modified Danshenyin and Erchentang， 1 dose/day. The treatment lasted for 4 months. Before and after treatment， color Doppler ultrasound of carotid artery was detected， and carotid intima-media thickness （IMT）， plaque number， plaque area， plaque thickness and hemodynamics were recorded. Levels of nitric oxide （NO）， endothelin-1 （ET-1）， von Willebrand factor （vWF）， soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 （sICAM-1）， vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9）， triglyceride （TG）， total cholesterol （TC）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）， whole-blood low-shear viscosity （LBV）， whole-blood high-shear viscosity （HBV）， plasma viscosity （PV）， platelet aggregation rate （PAR）， fibrinogen （FIB）， homocysteine （Hcy）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， IL-10， tumor necrosis factor-<italic>α</italic> （TNF-<italic>α</italic>）， serum superoxide dismutase （SOD）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， oxidized low density lipoprotein （ox LDL） and circulating glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） were detected before and after treatment. And the safety was evaluated. Result:After treatment， IMT， number， area and thickness of plaque in observation group were less than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Peak systolic velocity and end diastolic velocity in observation group were higher than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， while pulsatility index and resistance index were lower than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. And levels of ET-1， vWF， sICAM-1， VEGF， MMP-9， TG， TC， LDL-C， LBV， HBV， PV， PAR， FIB， Hcy， IL-6， TNF-<italic>α</italic>， MDA and ox-LDL were lower than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， whereas levels of NO， HDL-C， IL-10， SOD and GSH-Px were higher than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. And there was no adverse reaction caused by traditional Chinese medicine. Conclusion:Modified Danshenyin and Erchentang can reduce plaque， improve hemodynamics and hemorheology， and regulate blood lipid metabolism and vascular endothelial factor， with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidation damages. It can protect vascular intima， and inhibit the occurrence and development of CAS， with a safety in clinical use.

Effect of diabetic management modes on diabetic nephropathy: a prospective study / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective@#To explore the effect of "diabetes specialists-community general practitioners-community nurse co-management mode" and "diabetes specialist management mode" on diabetic nephropathy (DN) in primary medical institutions.@*Methods@#Patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to Quanzijie Health Clinic of Jimusar County of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from October 2017 to March 2018 were enrolled. The Patients were divided into co-management group or specialist management group according to their administrative villages. The treatment plans of the two groups were formulated with reference to the current guidelines. The subjects of the co-management group were jointly managed by a fixed team composed of diabetes specialists from Jimusar Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, community general practitioners and community nurses from Quanzijie Health Clinic, and required to attend diabetes education courses every month. The diabetes specialist of Jimusar Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital was responsible for the formulation and management of the treatment plan of the research object. Follow-up was fulfilled once every 4 weeks for 24 weeks in two groups. Before and after intervention, blood glucose, blood pressure, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as well as the utilization rate of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker (ACEI/ARB) were collected.@*Results@#A total of 115 patients accomplished this study with 54 patients in co-management group and 61 patients in specialist management group. After 24 weeks of intervention, fasting glucose level, postprandial glucose level 2 hours after breakfast, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), Log UACR in co-management group and specialists management group were significantly decreased compared with baseline [fasting glucose level (mmol/L): 8.06±1.92 vs. 9.16±2.83, 8.21±2.10 vs. 9.06±1.89; postprandial glucose level 2 hours after breakfast (mmol/L): 12.26±3.78 vs. 14.11±5.28, 12.47±3.63 vs. 14.00±3.88; HbA1c: 0.074±0.014 vs. 0.082±0.023, 0.076±0.014 vs. 0.081±0.016; Log UACR (mg/g): 1.63±1.56 vs. 2.25±1.44, 1.84±1.65 vs. 2.43±1.56, all P < 0.05], but there was no statistical significance between the two groups [fasting glucose level (mmol/L): -1.10±0.47 vs. -0.85±0.36, postprandial glucose level 2 hours after breakfast (mmol/L): -1.85±0.88 vs. -1.53±0.68, HbA1c: -0.008±0.004 vs. -0.006±0.003, Log UACR (mg/g): -0.61±0.29 vs. -0.59±0.29, all P < 0.05]. There were no significant changes in blood pressure, serum creatinine and eGFR in the two groups before and after intervention. There were 18 and 24 patients with hypertension in co-management group and specialist management group, respectively. The utilization rates of ACEI/ARB in both groups after intervention were significantly higher than those before intervention [88.9% (16/18) vs. 22.2% (4/18), 95.8% (23/24) vs. 29.2% (7/24), both P < 0.01]. At the end of the study, the utilization rate of ACEI/ARB was similar between the two groups [88.9% (16/18) vs. 95.8% (23/24), P > 0.05].@*Conclusion@#Both "diabetes specialists-community general practitioners-community nurse co-management mode" and "diabetes specialist management mode" can effectively decrease glucose levels and UACR levels of patients with type 2 diabetes as well as the standard use of antihypertensive agents, which has positive effects on the prevention and treatment on DN.

Effect of diabetic management modes on diabetic nephropathy: a prospective study / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective To explore the effect of "diabetes specialists-community general practitioners-community nurse co-management mode" and "diabetes specialist management mode" on diabetic nephropathy (DN) in primary medical institutions. Methods Patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to Quanzijie Health Clinic of Jimusar County of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from October 2017 to March 2018 were enrolled. The Patients were divided into co-management group or specialist management group according to their administrative villages. The treatment plans of the two groups were formulated with reference to the current guidelines. The subjects of the co-management group were jointly managed by a fixed team composed of diabetes specialists from Jimusar Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, community general practitioners and community nurses from Quanzijie Health Clinic, and required to attend diabetes education courses every month. The diabetes specialist of Jimusar Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital was responsible for the formulation and management of the treatment plan of the research object. Follow-up was fulfilled once every 4 weeks for 24 weeks in two groups. Before and after intervention, blood glucose, blood pressure, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as well as the utilization rate of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker (ACEI/ARB) were collected. Results A total of 115 patients accomplished this study with 54 patients in co-management group and 61 patients in specialist management group. After 24 weeks of intervention, fasting glucose level, postprandial glucose level 2 hours after breakfast, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), Log UACR in co-management group and specialists management group were significantly decreased compared with baseline [fasting glucose level (mmol/L): 8.06±1.92 vs. 9.16±2.83, 8.21±2.10 vs. 9.06±1.89; postprandial glucose level 2 hours after breakfast (mmol/L): 12.26±3.78 vs. 14.11±5.28, 12.47±3.63 vs. 14.00±3.88; HbA1c: 0.074±0.014 vs. 0.082±0.023, 0.076±0.014 vs. 0.081±0.016; Log UACR (mg/g): 1.63±1.56 vs. 2.25±1.44, 1.84±1.65 vs. 2.43±1.56, all P < 0.05], but there was no statistical significance between the two groups [fasting glucose level (mmol/L):-1.10±0.47 vs. -0.85±0.36, postprandial glucose level 2 hours after breakfast (mmol/L):-1.85±0.88 vs. -1.53±0.68, HbA1c:-0.008±0.004 vs. -0.006±0.003, Log UACR (mg/g):-0.61±0.29 vs. -0.59±0.29, all P < 0.05]. There were no significant changes in blood pressure, serum creatinine and eGFR in the two groups before and after intervention. There were 18 and 24 patients with hypertension in co-management group and specialist management group, respectively. The utilization rates of ACEI/ARB in both groups after intervention were significantly higher than those before intervention [88.9％ (16/18) vs. 22.2％ (4/18), 95.8％ (23/24) vs. 29.2％ (7/24), both P < 0.01]. At the end of the study, the utilization rate of ACEI/ARB was similar between the two groups [88.9％ (16/18) vs. 95.8％ (23/24), P > 0.05]. Conclusion Both "diabetes specialists-community general practitioners-community nurse co-management mode" and "diabetes specialist management mode" can effectively decrease glucose levels and UACR levels of patients with type 2 diabetes as well as the standard use of antihypertensive agents, which has positive effects on the prevention and treatment on DN.

Effects of Coriaria Sinica Maxim's extract on microcirculation and oxidative stress of wounds in rats with deep second-degree burn / 中国应用生理学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of Coriaria Sinica Maxim's extract(CSME) on microcirculation and oxidative stress of wounds in rats with deep second-degree burn.@*METHODS@#One hundred and eighty rats were randomly divided into normal saline group(NS), white petroleum group(WPL), silver sulfadiazine group (SSD), Coriariasinica Maxim's extract group which were divided into low dose(CSME-L),middle dose(CSME-M) and high dose(CSME-H). After anesthesia with burn instrument to burn the hair removal area of rats, these wounds were confirmed by pathological results with deep second degree burns.And then,those drugs were applied respectively on the wounds,such as NS、WPL、SSD and different concentrations of CSME. After injury at 48 h, 7 d, 14 d and 21 d,the healing rate(HR) of wound was measured, and the microvessel density (MVD), tissue moisture (TM), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), model driven architecture (MDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and hydroxyproline(HYP) were detected, too. All pathological sections of the wound tissue were observed.@*RESULTS@#The HR of CSME groups were obviously increased with a dose-dependent manner, which was significantly higher than that of NS and WPL (<0.05); On the 21 day, the diameter, number, distribution of the vessels and and the TM were less than other groups with a dose-dependent manner; On the 7 and 14 day after injury, CSME groups were significantly higher than the NS, WPL and SSD with a dose-dependent manner (<0.05), but, on the 21 day after injury, they were lower than NS, WPL and SSD with a dose-dependent (<0.05) manner. The levels of SOD, HYP, NO and ET in CSME groups were higher than those in other groups with dose-dependent on SOD activity, HYP, NO and ET content (<0.05), while MDA activity was weaker than other groups (<0.05). Similarly, pathological findings were also shown that CSME groups were better than other groups with a dose-dependent manner in decrease decreasing of wound repair time and hyperplasia of scar tissue.@*CONCLUSIONS@#CSME can relieve tissue edema, promote wound contraction, speed up the formation of eschar and accelerate the proliferation of granulation tissue, which are beneficial to the wound healing in the early stages. But, it can inhibit the hyperplasia of granulation tissue to prevent the excessive scar hyperplasia of burn wound in the later stages. Its mechanism is related to regulation what microcirculation, oxidativestress, NO and VEGF.

Ningmitai Capsules combined with doxycycline hydrochloride for Ureaplasma urealyticumpositive chronic prostatitis / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effects of Ningmitai Capsules (NMT) combined with doxycycline hydrochloride (DH) on chronic prostatitis induced by Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu).@*METHODS@#This randomized controlled trial included 240 male patients with Uupositive chronic prostatitis, treated orally with NMT at 4 capsules tid (n= 35), DH at 100 mg bid (n = 78), and NMT+DH at the corresponding doses (n = 127), respectively, all for 2 successive weeks. At 1 week after drug withdrawl, we conducted routine urine analysis, EPS examination, and drug sensitivity test of the cultured Uu.@*RESULTS@#The positivetonegative rate of Uu was significantly higher in the NMT+DH group than in the NMT and DH groups (89.0% ［113/127］ vs 54.3% ［19/35］ and 71.8% ［56/78］, P< 0.05), so were the cure rate (25.2% vs 20.0% and 20.5%, P< 0.05) and total effectiveness rate (89.0% vs 54.3% and 71.8%, P< 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The combination of Ningmitai Capsules and doxycycline hydrochloride is more effective than either Ningmitai Capsules or doxycycline hydrochloride used alone in the treatment of Uupositive chronic prostatitis.

Prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET-CT in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To investigate the prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET-CT in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL).Methods The clinical data of 130 DLBCL patients from June 2009 to May 2015 and pretreatment 18F-FDG PET-CT were retrospectively analyzed.Results The 130 DLBCL patients' median of maximal standard uptake value(SUVmax),metabolic tumor volume(MTV)and total lesion glycolysis(TLG)was 19.93,34.45 cm3,459.92 respectively.Univariate analysis showed that the affecting factors of progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)rate included Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG)grade,Ann Arbor stage,β2-MG,lactate dehydrogenase level,tumor diameter,bone marrow involvement,National Comprehensive Cancer Network International Prognostic Index(NCCN-IPI),MTV and TLG(all P <0.05),while age was related with PFS rate(P<0.05).As MTV and TLG were strongly correlated,only TLG measure was used for multivariate analysis.The result showed that ECOG grade,Ann Arbor stage,NCCN-IPI and TLG were statistically significant predictors of PFS rate,and NCCN-IPI and TLG were independent factors of OS rate(all P<0.05).According to TLG and NCCN-IPI,the patients were divided into three groups: low risk group,mediate risk group and high risk group.The 3-year PFS rates of these groups were 66.0%,36.8% and 26.1% respectively(P< 0.05),and the 3-year OS rates of these groups were 70.0%,49.1% and 39.1% respectively(P < 0.05).Conclusion TLG in 18F-FDG PET-CT is an independent prognostic factor for PFS and OS in patients with DLBCL,which has a reference value for prognosis of DLBCL.

Prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET-CT in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To investigate the prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET-CT in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL).Methods The clinical data of 130 DLBCL patients from June 2009 to May 2015 and pretreatment 18F-FDG PET-CT were retrospectively analyzed.Results The 130 DLBCL patients' median of maximal standard uptake value(SUVmax),metabolic tumor volume(MTV)and total lesion glycolysis(TLG)was 19.93,34.45 cm3,459.92 respectively.Univariate analysis showed that the affecting factors of progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)rate included Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG)grade,Ann Arbor stage,β2-MG,lactate dehydrogenase level,tumor diameter,bone marrow involvement,National Comprehensive Cancer Network International Prognostic Index(NCCN-IPI),MTV and TLG(all P <0.05),while age was related with PFS rate(P<0.05).As MTV and TLG were strongly correlated,only TLG measure was used for multivariate analysis.The result showed that ECOG grade,Ann Arbor stage,NCCN-IPI and TLG were statistically significant predictors of PFS rate,and NCCN-IPI and TLG were independent factors of OS rate(all P<0.05).According to TLG and NCCN-IPI,the patients were divided into three groups: low risk group,mediate risk group and high risk group.The 3-year PFS rates of these groups were 66.0%,36.8% and 26.1% respectively(P< 0.05),and the 3-year OS rates of these groups were 70.0%,49.1% and 39.1% respectively(P < 0.05).Conclusion TLG in 18F-FDG PET-CT is an independent prognostic factor for PFS and OS in patients with DLBCL,which has a reference value for prognosis of DLBCL.

A Research Progress and Prospective on the Differentiation of Body Constitution in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for Children in China / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

The TCM theory over body constitution has been greatly developed in the past several decades.However,the body constitution for children still lacks a standard classification.Available studies often ignored the impacts of the factors,such as region,climate and diet,on the body constitution of children.Given this situation,the present review focused on the research progress on the discipline of TCM body constitution and its classification and differentiation in Chinese children,and put forward the development on this issue based on current state policy and our own research experience.It was suggested that scholars develop a well-recognized classification method for the TCM body constitution for children in a particular region before investigating interventions according to TCM body constitution.

The ethanol extract of Osmanthus fragrans attenuates Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory effect through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-mediated antioxidant signalling pathway.

BACKGROUND: In the present study, we explored the effect of the ethanol extract of Osmanthus fragrans (EOF) on the growth and collagenase activity of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). We also investigated the capacity of EOF to attenuate P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses and the possible signalling pathway. METHODS: EOF was obtained by soaking the O. fragrans powder in the ethanol and concentrating the extracts under reduced pressure. Microplate dilution assays were used to determine the effect of EOF on P. gingivalis growth. Collagenase inhibition was detected using fluorometric and colorimetric assays. The effects of EOF on the production of the cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). The oxidative stress biomarkers were assayed using commercial kits. The effects of EOF on the expression of cytoprotective enzymes and nucleoprotein nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) were tested by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: EOF significantly inhibited the growth of P. gingivalis, especially in the iron-limited culture medium. The inhibitory effect of EOF on P. gingivalis collagenase activity was time- and concentration-dependent. The P. gingivalis LPS-stimulated production of IL-6 and IL-8 was attenuated by EOF. LPS significantly induced the production of nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and decreased the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) while pretreatment with EOF alleviated these effects. The presence of EOF markedly upregulated the expression levels of the cytoprotective enzymes and nucleoprotein Nrf2. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the potent Nrf2 activation capacity of O. fragrans may be useful in the adjunctive treatment of periodontal disease.

Characterization and rapid identification of chemical constituents of NaoXinTong capsules by UHPLC-linear ion trap/Orbitrap mass spectrometry.

The BuChang NaoXinTong (BNC) capsule is a well-known, traditional, prescribed Chinese medication for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Nevertheless, the chemical profile of BNC has not been established. In the present study, ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap) has been developed for rapid and high-throughput screening of the preliminary chemical profile of BNC in both positive and negative ion modes. Twenty-five compounds were identified as the standard available compounds by comparing the retention time and high-resolution accurate mass. For the standard unavailable compounds, the structures were presumed based on high-accuracy protonated precursors and multi-stage mass spectrometry (MS(n)) using the proposed strategy. In particular, flavones, isoflavones, and tanshinones had the same skeleton. Therefore, the standards were utilized to characterize the fragment pathways and diagnostic fragment ions that could be applied for structural elucidation of their derivatives. Meanwhile, all the constituent groups of the compounds were detected in the individual herbs comprising BNC. Finally, a total of 178 components were identified or tentatively characterized in BNC, including 21 flavones and 6 flavone glycosides, 18 phenanthraquinones, and 22 terpenoids. The identification and structure elucidation of these chemicals provide essential data for further phytochemical studies, quality control, and pharmacological studies of BNC.

Acupuncture combined with auricle cutting method for blood stasis-type psoriasis: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To verify the clinical efficacy of acupuncture combined with auricle cutting method for treatment of blood stasis-type psoriasis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-six cases of blood stasis-type psoriasis were randomly divided into a combined therapy group, a auricle cutting group, an acupuncture group and a control group, 14 cases in each one. Based on regular treatment of TCM decoction in four groups, the combined therapy group was treated with acupuncture and auricle cutting method, and the auricle cutting group was treated with sham-acupuncture and auricle cutting, and the acupuncture group was treated with acupuncture and sham auricle cutting, and the control group was treated with sham-acupuncture and sham auricle cutting. The acupuncture was applied at Dazhui (GV 14), Feishu (BL 13), Ganshu (BL 18) and Geshu (BL 17), etc., and manipulated with routine technique; in the sham acupuncture, the needle was inserted into dermis layer so that the needles could be swung without being dropped out. In the auricle cutting, erbeixin (P1) of unilateral auricle was selected and cut by Chan needle to perform bloodletting; in the sham auricle cutting, the neighborhood approximately 0.5 cm next to erbeixin (P) of auricle was selected as cutting area. The treatment was given once a day, seven days as a treatment session for totally two sessions. Psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) before and after treatment was observed and efficacy of each group was compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The effective rate was 57.1% (8/14) in the combined therapy group, which was superior to 14.3% (2/14) in the auricle cutting group, 7.1% (1/14) in the acupuncture group and 0.0% (0/14) in the control group (all P < 0.05). The scores of PASI were all decreased in each group after the treatment (all P < 0.05), which was the most significant in the combined therapy group (all P < 0.05). After factorial analysis, the main effect was P < 0.05 in the auricle cutting, P < 0.05 in the acupuncture and P < 0.05 in interaction effect of combined therapy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The scores of PASI of blood stasis-type psoriasis could be effectively reduced by acupuncture, auricle cutting method and TCM decoction, among which the interaction effect of auricle cutting and acupuncture combined with TCM decoction is the most significant.</p>

Electrical response grading versus House-Brackmann scale for evaluation of facial nerve injury after Bell's palsy: a comparative study / 中西医结合学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>There are no convenient techniques to evaluate the degree of facial nerve injury during a course of acupuncture treatment for Bell's palsy. Our previous studies found that observing the electrical response of specific facial muscles provided reasonable correlation with the prognosis of electroacupuncture treatment. Hence, we used the new method to evaluate the degree of facial nerve injury in patients with Bell's palsy in comparison with the House-Brackmann scale. The relationship between therapeutic effects and prognosis was analyzed to explore an objective method for evaluating Bell's palsy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The facial nerve function of 68 patients with Bell's palsy was assessed with both electrical response grading and the House-Brackmann scale before treatment. Then differences in evaluation results of the two methods were compared. All enrolled patients received electroacupuncture treatment with disperse-dense wave at 1/100 Hz for 4 weeks. After treatment, correlation analysis was conducted to find the relationship between electrical response and therapeutic effects or prognosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Checking consistency between electrical response grading and House-Brackmann scale: Kappa value 0.028 (P = 0.578). Correlation analysis: the two methods were correlated with the prognosis, and electrical response grading (rER = 0.789) was better than the House-Brackmann scale (rHB = 0.423).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Electrical response grading is superior to the House-Brackmann scale in efficacy and reliability, and can conveniently assess the degree of facial nerve injury. The House-Brackmann scale is suitable for the patients with mild facial nerve injury, but its evaluation quality for severe facial nerve injury is poor.</p>

Study on absorption location of four components from Naoxintong capsule / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the absorption characteristics of four components from Naoxintong capsule in intestines.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>In vitro everted gut sac method was adopted for preparing the intestinal absorption solution of Naoxintong capsule. UPLC was used to detect the content of chemical components in different intestinal segments, and comparing the results with the absorption of chemical components of Naoxintong capsule in each intestinal segment. The time-accumulative absorption curve was drawn to observe the changes in the accumulative absorption concentration with time.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Four ingredients of Naoxintong capsule can be detected in intestinal absorption solution, they are ferulic acid, paeoniflorin, salvianolic acid B and hydroxysafflor yellow A. Specifically, the accumulative absorption concentrations of ferulic acid, salvianolic acid B and paeoniflorin in ileum and rear jejunum segments were higher than that in front and middle jejunum segments; the absorption of ferulic acid, paeoniflorin, salvianolic acid B and hydroxysafflor yellow A did not reach saturated conditions in 3 hours.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ferulic acid, paeoniflorin, salvianolic acid B and hydroxysafflor yellow A are absorbed in the whole intestine. Ferulic acid, paeoniflorin and salvianolic acid B may be absorbed in specific segments.</p>

Varieties, functions and clinical applications of Chishao and Baishao: a literature review / 中国中药杂志

According to Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010ed), Chishao,Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Baishao,Paeoniae Radix Alba are both from the root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. In recent years, it is known from the studies that Chishao and Baishao must have the resemblance in the chemical composition, but the differences have related to the ecological environment and the processing methods, this makes their functions be different, athough they derive from the same original plants. This review explores the material basis and functions differences based on the analysis of the relationship in Chishao and Baishao on characteristic index function and the genetic background and the analysis of the clinical and pharmacological effects. It may provide more scientific data for identification and establishment of new quality control methods of the Paeoniae Radix Alba and Paeoniae Radix Rubra in the future.

Pilot study of the effect of green tea extractive epigallocatechin-3-gallate on degradation of collagen in dental erosion / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of green tea extractive epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on degradation of collagen in dental erosion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-four volunteers with dental erosion were randomly divided into two groups. The custom fitted trays were made from the heat curable braces and were injected with carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC) hydrogel in one group (control group) or CMC hydrogel with EGCG added in another (experimental group). These trays were used during sleep and removed from oral cavity in the next morning. The content of carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) were determined by radioimmunoassay kit at 1 d before the experiment, and 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks after the experiment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Both the types and time showed significant effects on ICTP. The incubation in EGCG resulted in relatively rapid and significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the expression level of ICTP compared with the control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EGCG can inhibit collagen degradation and improve the antierosive effect of dentine.</p>

Brief analysis on slow needle insertion / 中国针灸

The sources of clinical efficacy of slow needle insertion is discussed. From the basic factors of slow needle insertion, the requirements of this manipulation, main points of 4 steps (to straight the needle, to press softly, to twirl the needle and to hold without brute force), keys of operation and its significance are analyzed. Slow needle insertion is not only beneficial to the management and regulation of Shen (spirit) and induction of qi in the process of the spirit unity of doctor and patient, but also accumulates the needling sensation among three levels of the superficial, middled and deep layers of an acupoint, which could promote the curative effect.

Effects of purified herbal extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza on lipid profile in hyperlipidemic patients / 老年心脏病学杂志（英文版）

Background and Objective Hyperlipidemia is one of the most potent and best substantiated risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). Purified Salvia miltiorrhiza extract (PSME) had been shown to have hypolipidemic effect in animal experiments. This study aimed to evaluate its iipids modulating effects in hyperlipidemic patients. Methods In this single-blind, placebo controlled study, lipid profiles of 80 hyperlipidemic patients were checked at same conditions. They were divided into two equal groups randomly (each composing of 40 patients). They were given PSME tablet (800 mg) three times per day, or placebo tablet. All patients were put on NCEP type Ⅱ diet and six weeks later, lipid profiles were checked. Results In PSME group, total cholesterol decreased by 27.32 mg/dl (12.3% reduction), LDL-cholesterol decreased by 23.13 mg/dl (16.8% reduction) and HDL-cholesterol increased by 9.06 mg/dl (11.1%), all were statistically significant. Although triglyceride dropped by 12.12 mg/dl (5.1%) but this was not significant statistically (P=-0.34). There were no significant changes oflipids levels in the placebo group. Conclusions PSME has significant favorable effect on total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol and may be a potential agent for the treatment ofatherogenic dyslipidemia.

Effect of cedemex on cAMP and cGMP levels of different brain areas in morphine withdrawal rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Cedemex on cAMP and cGMP contents in different brain regions in morphine withdrawal rats precipitated by naloxone.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A physical morphine dependent model of rats was established by subcutaneous injection of morphine in gradually increasing dosage within 7 days. cAMP and cGMP contents of VTA, cortex and hippocampus of the rat brains were determined by radioimmunoassay.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The morphine withdrawal symptoms of rats were relieved significantly by ig Cedemex. Compared with the controls, cAMP content in the region of VTA, cortex and hippocampus of the morphine dependent rats were significantly higher (P < 0.05), while cGMP contents in those regions were significantly lower (P < 0.05). cAMP contents in the area of VTA, cortex and hippocampus of the morphine dependent rats were significantly reduced, while cGMP contents were significantly increased by ig Cedemex.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cedemex may significantly attenuate the morphine withdrawal symptoms in rats. The mechanism of this effect may be related to adjusting the contents of cAMP and cGMP in some brain regions.</p>