RESUMEN
Maternal, placental, and neonatal factors were compared between infants born at ≤29 weeks of gestational age with admission hyperthermia (>37.5âC) and euthermia (36.5-37.5âC). Admission hyperthermia was associated with longer duration of face-mask positive-pressure ventilation and infant's temperature ≥37.5âC in the delivery room. Infants born preterm with admission hyperthermia had greater odds of developing necrotizing enterocolitis and neurodevelopmental impairment.
Asunto(s)
Enterocolitis Necrotizante , Hipertermia Inducida , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Humanos , Embarazo , Femenino , Recien Nacido Prematuro , Placenta , Edad Gestacional , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Hypophosphatemia is associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation and may affect growth, bone mineralization, nephrocalcinosis, and mortality in preterm infants. Optimal nutrition practices may decrease risk for hypophosphatemia and improve outcome. METHODS: A quality improvement project was established to improve parenteral and enteral phosphorus intake with the goal to decrease prevalence and duration of hypophosphatemia in the first 14 days in infants <32 weeks' gestation. RESULTS: Among 406 preterm infants, the prevalence of moderate hypophosphatemia decreased from 44% to 19% (P < 0.01) over 4 years. The median duration of moderate hypophosphatemia decreased from 72 h (48-128) to 24 (24-53) (P < 0.01). Daily intakes of parenteral calcium and phosphorus on the fourth day of life increased from 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/kg/day (P < 0.01) and 0.6 to 1.3 mmol/kg/day (P < 0.01), respectively. The median postnatal age of first serum phosphorus concentration assessment decreased from 53 h (41-64) to 32 (24-40) (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: During this quality improvement project, reduced prevalence and duration of hypophosphatemia in infants <32 weeks' gestation in the first 14 days of life was achieved through the optimization of parenteral and enteral phosphorus intake and improved response to acute hypophosphatemia.
Asunto(s)
Hipofosfatemia , Fósforo Dietético , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Humanos , Recien Nacido Prematuro , Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal , Prevalencia , Mejoramiento de la Calidad , Hipofosfatemia/epidemiología , Hipofosfatemia/prevención & control , FósforoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Donor breast milk (DBM) feeding has been associated with less growth than formula in preterm infants. Zinc content in DBM is insufficient to support growth in preterm infants. OBJECTIVE: To compare growth from birth to discharge, macro- and micronutrient intake and the frequency of poor growth before (Epoch-1) and after (Epoch-2) implementing a DBM program. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of 1069 infants born at < 33 weeks' gestational age or birthweight < 1500 g and fed using our adjustable feeding protocol with accurate serial length measurements. Growth was assessed by changes in Z-scores of weight, length and fronto-occipital circumference from birth to discharge. RESULTS: Growth did not decrease significantly in Epoch-2. However, energy and protein intake increased by 5% and frequency of zinc and vitamin D supplementation increased by >30%. CONCLUSIONS: DBM implementation did not significantly decrease growth from birth to discharge using our adjustable feeding protocol.