RESUMEN
Glutamate-induced oxidative injury causes neuronal degeneration related to many central nervous system diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy and ischemia. The bioassay-guided fractionation of the EtOH extract of the root bark of Dictamnus dasycarpus Trucz. provided one neuroprotective limonoid, obacunone, together with a degraded limonoid, fraxinellone and two alkaloids, dictamine and haplopine. At concentrations of 100-150 microM, obacunone showed the potent neuroprotective effects on glutamateinduced neurotoxicity and induced the expression of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 in the mouse hippocampal HT22 cells. In addition, we found that obacunone increased p38 MAPK phosphorylation and induced HO-1 expression via p38 MAPK pathway. These results suggest that obacunone isolated from the root bark of D. dasycarpus increases cellular resistance to glutamate-induced oxidative injury in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells, presumably through the p38 MAPK pathway-dependent HO-1 expression. These results suggest that obacunone could be the effective candidates for the treatment of ROS-related neurological diseases.
Asunto(s)
Dictamnus/química , Hipocampo/efectos de los fármacos , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Animales , Línea Celular , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Ácido Glutámico/toxicidad , Hemo-Oxigenasa 1/metabolismo , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Ratones , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/administración & dosificación , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/aislamiento & purificación , Fosforilación/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Extractos Vegetales/química , Raíces de Plantas , Proteínas Quinasas p38 Activadas por Mitógenos/metabolismoRESUMEN
A new phenolic amide, tribulusimide D (4-hydroxy-N-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl]-3-methoxybenzamide) (1), together with a known phenolic amide, terrestriamide ((E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-prop-2-enamide) (2) and a flavonol glycoside, quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3) were isolated from the H2O extract of Tribuli Fructus. Compounds 1 and 3 showed significant hepatoprotective activities, with EC50 values of 13.46 +/- 0.2 and 7.06 +/- 0.7 microM, respectively, against tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/prevención & control , Guayacol/análogos & derivados , Imidas/química , Imidas/farmacología , Nootrópicos/toxicidad , Sustancias Protectoras/química , Sustancias Protectoras/farmacología , Tacrina/antagonistas & inhibidores , Tacrina/toxicidad , Tribulus/química , Secuencia de Carbohidratos , Línea Celular , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/patología , Frutas/química , Guayacol/química , Guayacol/farmacología , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Extractos Vegetales/química , Espectrometría de Masa por Ionización de ElectrosprayRESUMEN
Sauchinone, a unique lignan isolated from the roots of Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill. (Saururaceae), is reported to exert potent hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory actions and inhibitory effects on bone resorption. This study investigated the potency of sauchinone as a hepatic heme oxygenase (HO)-1 inducer and its protective effects in HepG2 cells. Treatment of the cells with sauchinone induced HO-1 expression and increased HO activity in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. This expression conferred cytoprotection against oxidative injury induced by T-butyl hydroperoxide. HO-1 expression by sauchinone also suppressed T-butyl hydroperoxide-induced reactive oxygen species generation in HepG2 cells. Moreover, sauchinone promoted the nuclear accumulation of the nuclear factor, E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and increased the promoter property of the antioxidant response element (ARE). Furthermore, treatment of the cells with a p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) reduced sauchine-induced HO-1 expression and its protective effects. These results suggest that sauchinone increases the cellular resistance of HepG2 cells to T-butyl hydroperoxide-induced oxidative injury, presumably through the p38 MAPK pathway-Nrf2/ARE-dependent HO-1 expression.