Efeito da suplementação com óleo de avocado (Persea americana Mill) na temperatura superficial corpórea de equinos antes e após exercício em esteira / [Effect of supplementation with avocado oil (Persea americana Mill) on body surface temperature of horses before and after exercise on treadmill]

Oito equinos foram distribuídos em delineamento randomizado cruzado, sendo um grupo sem suplementação (GC) e outro grupo suplementado com óleo de avocado (GOAv) por um período de sete semanas. Ao fim da sexta semana, os animais foram submetidos a teste padrão de exercício progressivo (TPEP) e, após sete dias, a teste de baixa intensidade e longa duração (BILD). Após o primeiro ciclo, houve período de descanso "washout" de 30 dias para troca de grupos para o segundo ciclo, que seguiu o protocolo do primeiro. A termorregulação foi avaliada com base na temperatura retal e na temperatura superficial corpórea, obtidas por termografia, de 15 regiões de interesse. A temperatura retal e as imagens termográficas foram obtidas antes, um minuto e 15 minutos após o exercício. Não houve diferença entre os grupos GC e GOAv em nenhum momento. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo revelaram que a suplementação de 5% da matéria seca (MS) com óleo de avocado por seis e sete semanas não influenciou na termorregulação com base na temperatura superficial corpórea dos equinos submetidos ao teste padrão de exercício progressivo (TPEP) e ao exercício de baixa intensidade e longa duração (BILD), respectivamente.(AU)

Eight equines were distributed in a randomized crossover design, one control group (CG) without supplementation and another group supplemented (SG) with avocado oil for a period of six weeks. At the end of the sixth week, the animals were submitted to standard exercise test (SET) and after seven days to the low intensity test (LIT). After the first cycle, there was a 30-day washout rest period to exchange groups for the second cycle, which followed the protocol of the first one. Thermoregulation was evaluated based on rectal temperature and body surface temperature of 15 regions of interest obtained by thermography. Rectal temperature and thermographic images were obtained before, one minute and 15 minutes after exercise. There was no difference between the CG and SG at any time. The results obtained in this study revealed that the supplementation of 5% of dry matter with avocado oil for six and seven weeks did not influence the thermoregulation based on the body surface temperature of the horses submitted to SET and LIT, respectively.(AU)

Efeito do extrato de Bidens pilosa L, Mel e pomadas homeopática e alopática na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas de ratos Wistar / [Effect of Bidens pilosa L, Honey extract and homeopathic and allopathic ointments on the healing of skin wounds of Wistar rats]

Cicatrização de ferida é um processo dinâmico, que tem por objetivo restaurar a continuidade do tecido lesionado. No entanto, em alguns casos, é necessário favorecer condições adequadas para viabilizar o processo fisiológico. Neste estudo foram utilizados ratos Wistar, divididos aleatoriamente entre cinco grupos, com 12 animais cada, sendo eles: grupo P (Bidens pilosa L.), grupo mel, grupo Co1 (pomada comercial alopática), grupo Co2 (pomada comercial homeopática) e grupo CT (controle). As lesões foram geradas por incisão com punch de 8mm, sendo tratadas diariamente de forma tópica. Foram eutanasiados quatro animais por grupo, no terceiro, sétimo e 14º dias do experimento, e o material coletado foi armazenado em formalina 10% e encaminhado para processamento histológico. Posteriormente, realizou-se a contagem de leucócitos mononucleares, fibroblastos e neovasos e avaliou-se a arquitetura de fibras colágenas. Os resultados da contagem foram analisados pela ANOVA, seguida pelo teste de Tukey (P<0,05). O modelo experimental proposto neste estudo demonstrou que todos os tratamentos apresentaram potencial cicatrizante, com exceção do mel. A aplicação tópica do creme do extrato de Bidens pilosa L. a 10% apresentou melhor perfil anti-inflamatório; a pomada alopática apresentou boa aderência à superfície da lesão e a pomada homeopática, grande potencial angiogênico, com menor tempo de cicatrização.(AU)

Wound healing is a dynamic process that aims to restore the continuity of injured tissue. However, in some cases it is necessary to favor adequate conditions to enable the physiological process. Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups with 12 animals each, namely: group P (Bidens pilosa L.), group honey, group Co1 (commercial allopathic ointment), group Co2 (commercial homeopathic ointment) and group CT (control). The lesions were generated by an 8mm punch incision and were treated topically daily. Four animals per group were euthanized on the 3rd, 7th and 14th day of the experiment and the collected material was stored in 10% formalin and sent for histological processing, after which mononuclear, fibroblasts and neovascular leukocytes were counted and collagen fiber architecture was evaluated. Counting results were analyzed by ANOVA, followed by Tukey test (p <0.05). The experimental model proposed in this study showed that all treatments had healing potential, except honey. The topical application of 10% Bidens pilosa L. extract cream showed the best anti-inflammatory profile; Allopathic ointment showed good adhesion to the surface of the lesion and homeopathic ointment showed great angiogenic potential with shorter healing time.(AU)

Effect of Camellia sinensis teas on left ventricular hypertrophy and insulin resistance in dyslipidemic mice.

The control of dyslipidemia using plants is an important subject of studies since it has numerous benefits in cardiovascular protection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of three Camellia sinensis L. teas (green, red, and white) on left ventricular hypertrophy and insulin resistance in low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLr-/-) mice fed a high-fat diet. The LDLr-/- mice were divided into four experimental groups: Group C: standard feed; Group CT: standard feed and three teas, Group HL: high-fat feed; HLT Group: high-fat feed and three teas. The three types of tea (green, red, and white) originated from different processing of the Camellia sinensis L. plant, and were administered associated once a day at a dose of 25 mg/kg by gavage for 60 days. The teas partially prevented hyperlipidemia, the decrease of the serum levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL), insulin resistance, and increased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and completely prevented left ventricular hypertrophy in LDLr -/- mice of the HLT group. In conclusion, the three Camellia sinensis L. teas used to control genetic dyslipidemia associated with a high-fat diet can be used as an auxiliary treatment associated with the control of lipid intake, thus promoting cardiac protection against hyperlipidemia.

Effect of Camellia sinensis teas on left ventricular hypertrophy and insulin resistance in dyslipidemic mice

The control of dyslipidemia using plants is an important subject of studies since it has numerous benefits in cardiovascular protection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of three Camellia sinensis L. teas (green, red, and white) on left ventricular hypertrophy and insulin resistance in low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLr-/-) mice fed a high-fat diet. The LDLr-/- mice were divided into four experimental groups: Group C: standard feed; Group CT: standard feed and three teas, Group HL: high-fat feed; HLT Group: high-fat feed and three teas. The three types of tea (green, red, and white) originated from different processing of the Camellia sinensis L. plant, and were administered associated once a day at a dose of 25 mg/kg by gavage for 60 days. The teas partially prevented hyperlipidemia, the decrease of the serum levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL), insulin resistance, and increased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and completely prevented left ventricular hypertrophy in LDLr -/- mice of the HLT group. In conclusion, the three Camellia sinensis L. teas used to control genetic dyslipidemia associated with a high-fat diet can be used as an auxiliary treatment associated with the control of lipid intake, thus promoting cardiac protection against hyperlipidemia.

Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi: chemical composition, biological properties and toxicity / Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi: composição química, propriedades biológicas, e toxicidade

Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi is a medicinal plant known in Brazil as "aroeira da praia", which has been used in popular medicine as antipyretic, analgesic, depurative and in the treatment of diseases of the urogenital system. On the other hand, the scientific literature has reported that this plant has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antiulcerogenic activity. This review addresses the main biological properties and toxicological effects of "aroeira da praia", in addition to a systematic approach of the compounds that were already found in this species, the great majority of which is present in the essential oils.

Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi é uma planta medicinal conhecida no Brasil como "aroeira da praia", utilizada na medicina popular como antitérmica, analgésica, depurativa e no tratamento de doenças do sistema urogenital. Por outro lado, a literatura científica relata que essa planta apresenta atividade antimicrobiana, anti-inflamatória, e antiulcerogênica. Essa revisão trata das principais propriedades biológicas e efeitos toxicológicos da aroeira da praia, além de uma abordagem sistemática acerca dos compostos que já foram encontrados nessa espécie, estando a maioria deles presente nos óleos essenciais.

Proposed active constituents of Dipladenia martiana.

3Beta-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylsitosterol, pomolic acid, ursolic acid, epicatechin, kaempferol, kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (astragalin), quercetin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin-7-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside and quebrachitol were isolated by chromatographic fractionation of the methanol extract from the aerial parts of Dipladenia martiana (Apocynaceae). The hexane extract yielded lupeol and sitostenone. These compounds are likely to be responsible for the therapeutic effects.

Chrysobalanus icaco L. extract for antiangiogenic potential observation.

Angiogenesis is an important process in several physiological situations and it is also implicated in the development of some diseases such as diabetes and cancer. This study investigated the antiangiogenic potential of Chrysobalanus icaco methanol extract in the chicken embrionary tissue. Clinical trials for cancer treatment using drugs based on this mechanism are already in progress. Chorioallantoic membrane model (CAM) of chicken embryos, with C. icaco methanol extract in plastic diskes was used. The results showed an average of 44% angiogenesis inhibition in CAM areas with the plant extract compared to the controls. The data indicate that C. icaco methanol extract reduce the formation of new blood vessels in chicken chorioallantoic membrane.

Tempo de protrombina e velocidade de hemossedimentaçao: uma analise em funçao do tempo, da temperatura e do anticoagulante empregado / Protrombin time and erythrocite sedimentation rate: an analysis in function of time, temperature and anticoagulant employed

A literatura recomenda o uso do citrato de sodio e do Paul Heller como anticoagulantes ideais para a determinaçao do tempo de protrombina (PT) e velocidade de hemossedimentaçao (VHS), respectivamente. A finalidade do presente trabalho foi investigar as possiveis alteraçoes no PT em funçao do tempo e da temperatura e na VHS 60 min utilizando-se uma comparaçao entre os resultados apresentados. Foram colhidas amostras de sangue de 30 individuos, em citrato de sodio, em Paul Heller e em EDTA, tendo sido a primeira amostra empregada para a determinaçao do PT apos 1, 3, 5 e 8 horas e as duas outras para a execuçaoda tecnica de VHS. Os resultados observados no PT e na VHS, quando comparados entre si mediante a analise pelo X2 nao apresentaram diferenças significativas.

XVIII: Eperudiendiol, Glycerides and Neolignans from Fruits of Osteophloeum platyspermum1.

The fruits of OSTEOPHLOEUM PLATYSPERMUM (Myristicaceae) contain sitosterol, eperu-8(20),13-dien-3alpha,15-diol, glyceryl laurodimyristate, glyceryl 1,3-lauromyristate and five neolignans: dihydroguaiaretic acid, hydroxyotobain, hydroxyoxootobain, guaiacin and otobaphenol.

Adrenalina, esterilizacao, pH e dissociacao dos anestesicos locais. / Adrenaline, sterilization, pH and local anesthetic dissociation

Foram estudadas as alteracoes de pH e coeficiente de dissociacao da bupivacaina (Marcaina) e lidocaina (Xilocaina), quando submetidas a esterilizacao por autoclavagem e ao se adicionar adrenalina a essas solucoes. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que as solucoes de anestesicos locais sao acidas, e se tornam ainda mais acidas quando contem adrenalina previamente. A esterilizacao nao produz alteracoes significativas nos valores de pH nem nos coeficientes de dissociacao