Musculoskeletal Pain in the Neck and Lower Back Regions among PHC Workers: Association between Workload, Mental Disorders, and Strategies to Manage Pain.

Scientific evidence indicates that workers in the health sector are commonly exposed to work-related musculoskeletal pain. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to identify the relationship between the presence and intensity of musculoskeletal pain in the neck and lumbar regions reported by Primary Health Care (PHC) workers with workloads and occupational risks, analyze musculoskeletal pain in the presence and absence of self-reported mental disorders based on a medical diagnosis, and identify workers' strategies to manage pain. METHOD: This cross-sectional study addressed 338 health professionals working in PHC outpatient services in the extreme South of Brazil. One questionnaire addressed sociodemographic questions concerning occupation, occupational risks, and mental disorders. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to assess self-reported musculoskeletal pain. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) measured the workload. A descriptive and inferential analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0. RESULTS: Most (55.3%) participants reported neck and (64.5%) lower back pain in the previous 12 months, and 22.5% and 30.5% reported intense neck and lower back pain, respectively, in the previous 12 months. The results showed different independent associations with increased musculoskeletal pain among health workers. Dentists presented the highest prevalence of neck pain, while female workers presented the highest prevalence of lower back pain. Furthermore, the perception of ergonomic risk and virtually all self-reported mental disorders (except panic syndrome for neck pain) were associated with pain in the neck and lower back regions and a higher frustration level (mental demand). Additionally, professionals with graduate degrees, nurses, and professionals working the longest in PHC services reported seeking complementary therapies more frequently, while physicians and those with self-reported mental disorders self-medicated more frequently.

Saúde dos trabalhadores de enfermagem: revisando as estratégias de promoção à saúde / The health of nursing professionals: reviewing health promotion strategies / Salud de los trabajadores de enfermería: revisando las estrategias de promoción a la salud

Objective: The study's purpose has been to further understand the health promotion strategies towards nursing professionals. Methods: It is an integrative literature review with a qualitative approach, which is composed of 23 articles that answer the following guiding question: What are the health promotion strategies developed for nursing professionals? Results: The findings were gathered into four strategy groups, as follows: Promoting the Work Planning, which are based on regulating the workload and salary relationship; Promoting Knowledge, which are focused on the professional update through the use of technologies; Promoting Physical Activity, aiming to guarantee the access to physical exercise, both intra and extra the work environment; and, Promoting Integrative and Complementary Practices, indicating music therapy, relaxation techniques and yoga, which together with the other ones might contribute to reduce work stress, musculoskeletal and cardiovascular problems. Conclusion: The work planning can be considered the main strategy of health promotion for nursing professionals, since it is associated with the development of the others

Objetivo: Conhecer as estratégias de promoção à saúde para os trabalhadores de enfermagem. Método: Revisão integrativa composta por 23 artigos que respondem a questão norteadora: Quais as estratégias de promoção à saúde, desenvolvidas para os trabalhadores de enfermagem? Aplicou-se uma abordagem qualitativa. Resultados: As estratégias para Promoção da Organização do Trabalho pautam-se na regulação da relação carga de trabalho e salário. As do Conhecimento, na atualização profissional com uso de tecnologias. Já as da Atividade Física, na garantia do acesso ao exercício físico, intra e extra, ambiente de trabalho. As de Promoção de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares indica a musicoterapia, as técnicas de relaxamento e yoga, que em conjunto com as demais, contribuem para reduzir o estresse laboral e problemas musculoesqueléticos e cardiovasculares. Conclusão: A organização do trabalho pode ser considerada a principal estratégia de promoção à saúde para trabalhadores de enfermagem, pois a ela associa-se o desenvolvimento das demais

Objetivo: Conecer las estrategias de promoción a la salud para los trabajadores de enfermería. Método: Revisión integrativa compuesta por 23 artículos que responden a la cuestión orientadora: ¿Cuáles son las estrategias de promoción a la salud, desarrolladas para los trabajadores de enfermería? Se aplicó un enfoque cualitativo. Resultados: Las estrategias para Promoción de la Organización del Trabajo se basan en la regulación de la relación carga de trabajo y salario. Las del Conocimiento, en la actualización profesional con uso de tecnologías. Las de la Actividad Física, en la garantía del acceso al ejercicio físico, intra y extra, ambiente de trabajo. Las de Promoción de Prácticas Integrativas y Complementarias indica la musicoterapia, las técnicas de relajación y yoga, que en conjunto con las demás, contribuyen para reducir el estrés laboral y problemas musculoesqueléticos y cardiovasculares. Conclusión: La organización del trabajo puede ser considerada la principal estrategia de promoción a la salud para trabajadores de enfermería, pues a ella se asocia el desarrollo de las demás

Evaluation of the analgesic effect of aqueous extract of Brugmansia suaveolens flower in mice: possible mechanism involved.

The study was conducted to test the aqueous extract of Brugmansia suaveolens (AEBs) flowers for their antinociceptive effects in mice. In the hot plate test, a significant increase in reaction time for two doses of AEBs at 60, 90, 120, and 150 min after treatment was noted. Pretreatment of animals with naloxone (5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [IP]) left the antinociceptive effect of AEBs at a dose of 100 mg/kg unaffected at 60, 90, 120, and 150 min after treatment and at a dose of 300 mg/kg at 30 min but not at 90, 120, and 150 min. In the writhing test, the AEBs significantly inhibited acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction and was equally potent at both doses. Pretreatment with naloxone (5 mg/kg, IP) left the antinociceptive effect of both doses of AEBs unaffected. Pretreatment with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 20 mg/kg, IP) caused a significant change in the number of abdominal constrictions but did not change the antinociceptive effect of AEBs. Pretreatment of animals with methylene blue also did not change the effect of AEBs on the number of writhing movements in mice. Flumazenil (5 mg/kg, IP) antagonized the antinociceptive effects of diazepam and also reversed the antinociceptive effect of AEBs. AEBs showed a depressant effect on the central nervous system, and the treatment of mice with pentobarbital combined with AEBs increased the animals' sleeping time in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that the antinociceptive activity of AEBs may be related in part to benzodiazepine receptors, although peripheral mechanisms cannot be excluded.

[Intersectorial policy concerning medicinal plants of the State of Rio Grande do Sul: as viewed by faculty members]. / Politica intersetorial de plantas medicinais do Estado do Rio Grande Do Sul: visão docente.

This survey aimed detecting the knowledge of university faculty members of the southern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in the Intersectorial Policy of Medicinal Plants of the State of Rio Grande do Sul. This quantitative survey used a sample size of 185 professors (61.7%). It was found that 91.50% of the interviewed professors did not know this policy. This suggests that, despite the existence of a policy on medicinal plants in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, is not well disseminated in the academia, which hinders its knowledge among faculty members.

Política intersetorial de plantas medicinais do estado do Rio Grande do Sul: visão docente / Intersectorial policy of medicinal plants of the state of Rio Grande do Sul: as viewed by faculty

Esta pesquisa, realizada com docentes de universidades da região Sul do Rio Grande do Sul e da Campanha,Brasil, buscou visualizar se os docentes conheciam a Política Intersetorial de Plantas Medicinais do Estado do RioGrande do Sul, sendo uma pesquisa quantitativa que utilizou uma amostra de 185 docentes (61,7%). Pode-seconstatar que 91,50% dos questionados não têm conhecimento da Política Intersetorial de Plantas Medicinais doEstado. Isso possibilitou pensar que, apesar da existência dessa política no Rio Grande do Sul, esta ainda é poucodivulgada nos meios acadêmicos, dificultando o conhecimento por parte dos docentes.

Inclusão do tema plantas medicinais no currículo dos cursos da área de saúde: uma realidade necessária / Including herbal medicine in the health curriculum - a necessary reality / Including herbal medicine in the health curriculum: a necessary reality / Inclusión del tema plantas medicinales en el plan de estudios de los cursos del área de salud - una realidad necesaria

Esta pesquisa, realizada com docentes de universidades da região sul do Rio Grande do Sul e da Campanha, buscou verificar como acontecia a organização do tema plantas medicinais, a importância atribuída, mostrando a necessidade da inclusão do tema no currículo. É uma pesquisa quantitativa realizada com 183 docentes (61%). Verificou-se que o tema não é desenvolvido pela maioria dos docentes; 92,16% consideram importante a difusão do tema; e, 81,70% reconhecem a necessidade da inclusão do tema no currículo; precedida de sua ampla discussão nos meios acadêmicos, pois docentes apontam a necessidade da inclusão desse conteúdo em cursos relacionados à saúde.

This research, carried out with teachers at universities in the south of the State of Rio Grande do Sul and in Campanha, sought to understand how herbal medicine is organized, what status it has, and demonstrated the need to include this issue in the curriculum. It is a quantitative research carried out with 183 teachers (61%). We found that this issue is not discussed by most teachers; 92.16% consider it an important issue and 81.70% recognize the need to include this in the curriculum after wide discussion in academic circles. The teachers state the need to include this content in health courses.

Esta investigación, llevada a cabo con docentes de universidades de la región sur del Estado de Río Grande do Sul y de Campanha, buscaba observar cómo se organizaba el tema de las plantas medicinales, la importancia atribuida y señala la necesidad de incluir dicho tema en el plan de estudios. Se trata de una investigación cuantitativa con 183 docentes (61%); quedó comprobado que la mayoría de los docentes no desarrollan el tema, que 92,16% consideran importante la difusión del tema y que 81,70% reconocen la necesidad de incluirlo en el plan de estudios. Por lo tanto, es importante la discusión del tema en el medio académico pues algunos docentes piensan que debe incluirse en los cursos relacionados con la salud