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1.
J Parkinsons Dis ; 12(5): 1693-1702, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35527564

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Existing limited evidence suggests that smoking and tea consumption may be associated with a lower risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, less is known about the independent and joint roles of these two habits, which are often clustered among Chinese, on PD risk. OBJECTIVE: To prospectively examine the independent and joint association of tea consumption and smoking with the risk of PD. METHODS: The China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study recruited 512,725 participants aged 30 to 79 years from ten areas across China since 2004. Information on smoking and tea consumption was collected at baseline, and PD cases were ascertained by linkage to the national health insurance system and death registry. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95%confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: During a median of 10.8 years of follow-up, 922 PD cases were recorded. Compared with participants who never consumed tea, the HR (95%CI) for daily consumers was 0.68 (0.55, 0.84). Compared with participants who never or occasionally smoked, the HR (95%CI) for current smokers was 0.66 (0.53, 0.82). Those who had a clustering habit of smoking and tea consumption had a 38%(HR = 0.62; 95%CI: 0.49, 0.79) lower PD risk than those who consumed none. However, there were no statistically significant multiplicative or additive interaction for tea consumption and smoking on PD risk. CONCLUSION: We found that smoking and daily tea consumption were independently inversely associated with the risk of PD.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Parkinson , Adulto , China/epidemiología , Humanos , Enfermedad de Parkinson/epidemiología , Enfermedad de Parkinson/etiología , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Fumar/efectos adversos , Fumar/epidemiología ,
2.
Nutrients ; 13(4)2021 Mar 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33805392

RESUMEN

A few prospective studies have suggested that tea, alcohol, and fruit consumption may reduce the risk of kidney stones. However, little is known whether such associations and their combined effect persist in Chinese adults, for whom the popular tea and alcohol drinks are different from those investigated in the aforementioned studies. The present study included 502,621 participants from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB). Information about tea, alcohol, and fruit consumption was self-reported at baseline. The first documented cases of kidney stones during follow-up were collected through linkage with the national health insurance system. Cox regression was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). During a median of 11.1 years of follow-up, we collected 12,407 cases of kidney stones. After multivariable adjustment, tea, alcohol, and fruit consumption were found to be negatively associated with kidney stone risk, but the linear trend was only found in tea and fruit consumption. Compared with non-tea consumers, the HR (95% CI) for participants who drank ≥7 cups of tea per day was 0.73 (0.65-0.83). Compared with non-alcohol consumers, the HR (95% CI) was 0.79 (0.72-0.87) for participants who drank pure alcohol of 30.0-59.9 g per day but had no further decrease with a higher intake of alcohol. Compared with less-than-weekly consumers, the HR (95% CI) for daily fruit consumers was 0.81 (0.75-0.87). Even for those who did not drink alcohol excessively, increasing tea and fruit consumption could also independently reduce the stone risk. Among Chinese adults, tea, alcohol, and fruit consumption was associated with a lower risk of kidney stones.


Asunto(s)
Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas , Dieta/efectos adversos , Frutas , Cálculos Renales/etiología , , China , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Humanos , Cálculos Renales/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad
3.
Am J Clin Nutr ; 114(1): 194-202, 2021 07 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33709113

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Evidence from epidemiological studies remains inconsistent or limited about the associations of tea consumption with incident diabetes and risk of diabetic complications and death among patients with diabetes. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the associations of tea consumption with long-term risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) and risks of diabetic complications and death among patients with diabetes. METHODS: This study included 482,425 diabetes-free participants and 30,300 patients with diabetes aged 30-79 y at study enrollment from the China Kadoorie Biobank. Tea consumption information was collected at baseline by interviewer-administered questionnaires. Incidences of diabetes, diabetic complications, and death were identified by linkages to the National Health Insurance system, disease registries, and death registries. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate HRs and 95% CIs. RESULTS: The mean ± SD age of participants free of diabetes was 51.2 ± 10.5 y and 41% were male. The mean ± SD age of patients with diabetes was 58.2 ± 9.6 y and 39% were male. Of all daily tea consumers, 85.8% preferred green tea. In the diabetes-free population, 17,434 participants developed incident T2D during 11.1 y of follow-up. Compared with participants who never consumed tea in the past year, the HR (95% CI) of T2D for daily consumers was 0.92 (0.88, 0.97). In patients with diabetes, we identified 6572 deaths, 12,677 diabetic macrovascular cases, and 2441 diabetic microvascular cases during follow-up. Compared with patients who never consumed tea in the past year, the HRs (95% CIs) of all-cause mortality and risk of microvascular complications for daily consumers were 0.90 (0.83, 0.97) and 0.88 (0.78, 1.00), respectively. Tea consumption was not associated with risk of macrovascular complications among patients with diabetes. With regard to tea consumed, the inverse associations between daily tea consumption and risks of T2D and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes were only observed among daily green tea drinkers. CONCLUSIONS: In Chinese adults, daily green tea consumption was associated with a lower risk of incident T2D and a lower risk of all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes, but the associations for other types of tea were less clear. In addition, daily tea consumption was associated with a lower risk of diabetic microvascular complications, but not macrovascular complications.


Asunto(s)
Complicaciones de la Diabetes/prevención & control , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/prevención & control , , Adulto , Anciano , Pueblo Asiatico , China , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mortalidad , Factores de Riesgo
4.
Eur J Epidemiol ; 34(8): 753-763, 2019 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31152367

RESUMEN

Current experimental and epidemiological studies provide inconsistent evidence toward the association between tea consumption and cancer incidence. We investigated whether tea consumption was associated with the incidence of all cancers and six leading types of cancer (lung cancer, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, female breast cancer and cervix uteri cancer) among 455,981 participants aged 30-79 years in the prospective cohort China Kadoorie Biobank. Tea consumption was assessed at baseline (2004-2008) with an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Cancer cases were identified by linkage to the national health insurance system. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). In the present population, daily tea consumers were more likely to be current smokers and daily alcohol consumers. 22,652 incident cancers occurred during 10.1 years follow-up (5.04 cases/1000 person-years). When we restricted analyses to non-smokers and non-excessive alcohol consumers to minimize confounding, tea consumption was not associated with all cancers (daily consumers who added tea leaves > 4.0 g/day vs. less-than-weekly consumers: HR, 1.03; 95%CI, 0.93-1.13), lung cancer (HR, 1.08; CI, 0.84-1.40), colorectal cancer (HR, 1.08; CI, 0.81-1.45) and liver cancer (HR, 1.08; CI, 0.75-1.55), yet might be associated with increased risk of stomach cancer (HR, 1.46; CI, 1.07-1.99). In both less-than-daily and daily tea consumers, all cancer risk increased with the amount of tobacco smoked or alcohol consumed. Our findings suggest tea consumption may not provide preventive effect against cancer incidence.


Asunto(s)
Pueblo Asiatico/estadística & datos numéricos , Cafeína/efectos adversos , Neoplasias/epidemiología , Neoplasias/etiología , Medición de Riesgo/métodos , Té/efectos adversos , Adulto , Anciano , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/epidemiología , Neoplasias de la Mama/epidemiología , Neoplasias de la Mama/etiología , China/epidemiología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/epidemiología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/etiología , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/epidemiología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/etiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Población Rural , Neoplasias Gástricas/epidemiología , Neoplasias Gástricas/etiología , Fumar Tabaco/epidemiología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/epidemiología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/etiología
5.
Nutrients ; 10(11)2018 Nov 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30400175

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Tea consumption may have favorable effects on risk of fracture. However, little is known about such association in Chinese adults. The aim of this study was to examine the association between tea consumption and risk of hospitalized fracture in Chinese adults. METHODS: The present study included 453,625 participants from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB). Tea consumption was self-reported at baseline. Hospitalized fractures were ascertained through linkage with local health insurance claim databases. THE RESULTS: During a median of 10.1 years of follow-up, we documented 12,130 cases of first-time any fracture hospitalizations, including 1376 cases of hip fracture. Compared with never tea consumers, daily tea consumption was associated with lower risk of any fracture (hazard ratio (HR): 0.88; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.83, 0.93). Statistically significant reduced risk of hip fracture was shown among daily consumers who most commonly drank green tea (HR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.97) and those who had drunk tea for more than 30 years (HR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.87). Our conclusions: Habitual tea consumption was associated with moderately decreased risk of any fracture hospitalizations. Participants with decades of tea consumption and those who preferred green tea were also associated with lower risk of hip fracture.


Asunto(s)
Fracturas Óseas/etiología , Té/efectos adversos , Adulto , Anciano , Pueblo Asiatico , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Hospitalización , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de Riesgo
6.
Ann Intern Med ; 168(7): 489-497, 2018 04 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29404576

RESUMEN

This article has been corrected. The original version (PDF) is appended to this article as a Supplement. Background: Although consumption of tea at high temperatures has been suggested as a risk factor for esophageal cancer, an association has not been observed consistently, and whether any relationship is independent of alcohol and tobacco exposure has not been evaluated. Objective: To examine whether high-temperature tea drinking, along with the established risk factors of alcohol consumption and smoking, is associated with esophageal cancer risk. Design: China Kadoorie Biobank, a prospective cohort study established during 2004 to 2008. Setting: 10 areas across China. Participants: 456 155 persons aged 30 to 79 years. Those who had cancer at baseline or who reduced consumption of tea, alcohol, or tobacco before baseline were excluded. Measurements: The usual temperature at which tea was consumed, other tea consumption metrics, and lifestyle behaviors were self-reported once, at baseline. Outcome was esophageal cancer incidence up to 2015. Results: During a median follow-up of 9.2 years, 1731 incident esophageal cancer cases were documented. High-temperature tea drinking combined with either alcohol consumption or smoking was associated with a greater risk for esophageal cancer than hot tea drinking alone. Compared with participants who drank tea less than weekly and consumed fewer than 15 g of alcohol daily, those who drank burning-hot tea and 15 g or more of alcohol daily had the greatest risk for esophageal cancer (hazard ratio [HR], 5.00 [95% CI, 3.64 to 6.88]). Likewise, the HR for current smokers who drank burning-hot tea daily was 2.03 (CI, 1.55 to 2.67). Limitation: Tea consumption was self-reported once, at baseline, leading to potential nondifferential misclassification and attenuation of the association. Conclusion: Drinking tea at high temperatures is associated with an increased risk for esophageal cancer when combined with excessive alcohol or tobacco use. Primary Funding Source: National Natural Science Foundation of China and National Key Research and Development Program.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Esofágicas/epidemiología , Etanol , Calor , , Uso de Tabaco , Adulto , Anciano , China/epidemiología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de Riesgo
7.
Heart ; 103(10): 783-789, 2017 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28077466

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To prospectively examine the association between tea consumption and the risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD). METHODS: Prospective study using the China Kadoorie Biobank; participants from 10 areas across China were enrolled during 2004-2008 and followed up until 31 December 2013. After excluding participants with cancer, heart disease and stroke at baseline, the present study included 199 293 men and 288 082 women aged 30-79 years at baseline. Information on IHD incidence was collected through disease registries and the new national health insurance databases. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 7.2 years, we documented 24 665 (7.19 cases/1000 person-years) incident IHD cases and 3959 (1.13 cases/1000 person-years) major coronary events (MCEs). Tea consumption was associated with reduced risk of IHD and MCE. In the whole cohort, compared with participants who never consumed tea during the past 12 months, the multivariable-adjusted HRs and 95% CIs for less than daily and daily tea consumers were 0.97 (0.94 to 1.00) and 0.92 (0.88 to 0.95) for IHD, 0.92 (0.85 to 1.00) and 0.90 (0.82 to 0.99) for MCE. No linear trends in the HRs across the amount of tea were observed in daily consumers for IHD and MCE (PLinear >0.05). The inverse association between tea consumption and IHD was stronger in rural (PInteraction 0.006 for IHD, <0.001 for MCE), non-obese (PInteraction 0.012 for MCE) and non-diabetes participants (PInteraction 0.004 for IHD). CONCLUSIONS: In this large prospective study, daily tea consumption was associated with a reduced risk of IHD.


Asunto(s)
Isquemia Miocárdica/epidemiología , Medición de Riesgo/métodos , , Adulto , Anciano , China/epidemiología , Conducta de Ingestión de Líquido , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Población Rural , Factores de Tiempo , Población Urbana
8.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi ; 37(4): 469-74, 2016 Apr.
Artículo en Chino | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27087208

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To describe the status of prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension among half a million adults in 10 regions under the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) cohort. METHODS: The baseline survey of CKB was performed in 10 areas across China during 2004-2008, included 512 891 adults aged from 30 to 79 years. Regional differences of prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension were compared after adjustment for age and/or sex. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of hypertension from the CKB was 35.2% (180 612/512 891), with the highest as 44.4% in Zhejiang and the lowest as 22.0% in Haikou. Prevalence in the rural areas (35.1%) was higher than that in the urban areas (32.1%), with statistical significance (P<0.001). Among all the participants with hypertension, 59 703 (33.1%) were aware of hypertension, 65 172 (36.1%) were receiving anti-hypertension treatment and 22 329 (12.4%) were under controll. However, only a small part of those receiving treatment were under controll (30.5%, 19 884/65 172) in this study. The control of hypertension and of those receiving treatment were higher in Suzhou for males (17.4%, 39.1%), while were higher in Liuzhou for females (23.5%, 42.6%) than those in other regions. CONCLUSIONS: Participants under the CKB presented relatively high prevalence of hypertension, but lower rates on awareness, treatment and control of hypertension. Distribution of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension varied greatly among the ten areas, under the CKB.


Asunto(s)
Pueblo Asiatico , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Hipertensión/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipertensión/epidemiología , Población Rural/estadística & datos numéricos , Población Urbana/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Anciano , Antihipertensivos/uso terapéutico , Bancos de Muestras Biológicas , Presión Sanguínea , China/epidemiología , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud/etnología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Resultado del Tratamiento
9.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi ; 36(11): 1195-9, 2015 Nov.
Artículo en Chino | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26850235

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To describe the gender and regional differences in adults' tea drinking pattern found in China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) survey, involving half million adults, in 10 areas in China. METHODS: The baseline survey of CKB was conducted in 5 urban areas and 5 rural areas in China during 2004-2008. The information on tea drinking of 512 891 adults aged 30-79 years was collected and analyzed. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of regular tea drinking (i.e., weekly) was 50.7% in males and 21.3% in females. Among 10 areas, Hunan reported the highest regular tea drinking prevalence (74.3% in males, 76.6% in females), while Henan reported the lowest regular tea drinking prevalence (5.5% in males, 1.0% in females). Most regular tea drinkers consumed green tea except those from Zhejiang and Haikou. Hunan reported the highest tea consumption per time (3.8 g in males, 3.1 g in females), per day (6.2 g in males, 4.1 g in females) and per week (38.4 g in males, 25.0 g in females). CONCLUSION: The adults' tea drinking pattern i.e. frequency, type, amount of tea and preferred concentration of tea water, varied greatly among the 10 regions covered by CKB study.


Asunto(s)
Ingestión de Líquidos , , Adulto , Anciano , China , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
10.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr ; 21(3): 320-6, 2012.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22705420

RESUMEN

This is a review article telling a 50-years old story about the studies on selenium deficiency and Keshan disease in China, an endemic heart disease with high case-fatality, as an example of translational research. Extensive cross-sectional epidemiological studies showed that low selenium concentrations in cereal grains and low selenium status of local residents were associated with the occurrence of Keshan disease. Several large population based intervention trials using oral administration of sodium selenite tablets showed significant reduction of Keshan disease incidence. Based on the above evidence, it was concluded that selenium deficiency is the major cause of Keshan disease, although other etiological factors could not be ruled out. The implications of the findings include: provided critical scientific evidence for selenium being an essential trace element for humans; as scientific basis for identifying minimum requirement and RDA/RNI for selenium; and as solid reference for the formulation of effective preventive measures for Keshan disease in China.


Asunto(s)
Cardiomiopatías/epidemiología , Enfermedades Endémicas , Infecciones por Enterovirus/epidemiología , Selenio/deficiencia , Adulto , Cardiomiopatías/etiología , Cardiomiopatías/metabolismo , Cardiomiopatías/prevención & control , Niño , China/epidemiología , Dieta/efectos adversos , Dieta/etnología , Suplementos Dietéticos , Grano Comestible/efectos adversos , Grano Comestible/química , Enfermedades Endémicas/prevención & control , Infecciones por Enterovirus/etiología , Infecciones por Enterovirus/metabolismo , Infecciones por Enterovirus/prevención & control , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Necesidades Nutricionales , Selenio/administración & dosificación , Selenio/metabolismo , Selenio/uso terapéutico , Selenito de Sodio/administración & dosificación , Investigación Biomédica Traslacional
11.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu ; 40(3): 334-7, 2011 May.
Artículo en Chino | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21695907

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of social mobilization and social marketing in promoting NaFeEDTA-fortified soy sauce in an iron deficient population. METHOD: This study was an uncontrolled, community-based, before-after study, which was implemented in three counties of Shijiazhuang Municipality. The intervention was a social mobilization and social marketing strategy. Adult women older than 20 years of age participated in the evaluation protocol. The main outcomes included KAP relevant to IDA. Cross-sectional samples were used to assess the outcomes at baseline and 1 year later. RESULTS: Knowledge and attitudes of adult women had changed positively, and the percentage of women who had adopted NaFeEDTA-fortified soy sauce increased from 8.9% to 36.6% (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Social mobilization and social marketing had a positive impact on the KAP of adult women in the iron deficient population.


Asunto(s)
Compuestos Férricos/administración & dosificación , Alimentos Fortificados , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Mercadeo Social , Adulto , Anemia Ferropénica/prevención & control , China , Ácido Edético/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Humanos , Hierro de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Alimentos de Soja
12.
Biomed Environ Sci ; 22(2): 118-21, 2009 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19618688

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To observe the different impacts of electrolytic iron, FeSO4, and NaFeEDTA on body iron store of anemic school students. METHODS: Four hundreds anemic students at the age of 11-18 years were divided into four groups. Of which, three consumed different iron fortificants from wheat flour as food vehicle for six months and one consumed non-fortified flour (control). The fortification level of electrolytic iron, FeSO4, and NaFeEDTA was 60 mg Fe/kg, 30 mg Fe/kg, and 20 mg Fe/kg, respectively. Blood samples were collected at 0, 2, 4, and 6 months and hemoglobin (Hb), serum ferritin (SF), and transferrin receptor (TfR) were measured. RESULTS: The hemoglobin levels in three intervention groups increased, the increments of Hb in the NaFeEDTA group were significantly higher than that in the other groups. SF and TfR levels increased in the tested groups and body iron store in the NaFeEDTA group was higher than that in the other groups. These parameters did not show any significant changes in the control group. CONCLUSION: NaFeEDTA and FeSO4 fortified wheat flour has positive impacts on iron status in anemic students and NaFeEDTA is more effective than FeSO4, while electrolytic iron is less effective in improving iron store in anemic students.


Asunto(s)
Anemia Ferropénica/tratamiento farmacológico , Compuestos Férricos/farmacología , Harina/análisis , Hierro/farmacología , Triticum , Adolescente , Niño , Suplementos Dietéticos , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Ácido Edético/química , Ácido Edético/farmacología , Femenino , Compuestos Férricos/química , Alimentos Fortificados , Humanos , Hierro/química , Hierro de la Dieta , Masculino , Estado Nutricional
13.
Mutat Res ; 654(2): 133-7, 2008 Jul 31.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18639484

RESUMEN

Magnolia bark extract (MBE) has been used historically in traditional Chinese and Japanese medicines, and more recently as a component of dietary supplements and cosmetic products. The genotoxic potential of MBE was studied in two in vitro chromosomal aberration assays. In Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, exposure for 3 h to MBE at concentrations of 0-30 microg/ml in the absence of a metabolic activation system (S9) and 0-7 microg/ml with S9 did not induce chromosomal aberrations, whereas higher concentrations were cytotoxic and did not allow for analysis of aberrations. Extended exposure for 18 h without metabolic activation at concentrations up to 15 microg/ml also resulted in a negative response. In V79 cells derived from Chinese hamster lung tissue, treatment for 6h with concentrations up to 52 and 59 microg/ml in the absence and presence of S9, respectively, did not increase the incidence of chromosomal aberrations compared to negative controls. Furthermore, MBE exposure for 24 h without metabolic activation did not induce aberrations. The results of these studies demonstrate that MBE is not genotoxic under the conditions of the in vitro chromosomal aberration assays in CHO and V79 cells, and support the safety of MBE.


Asunto(s)
Aberraciones Cromosómicas , Magnolia/química , Pruebas de Mutagenicidad , Corteza de la Planta/química , Extractos Vegetales/toxicidad , Animales , Células CHO , Línea Celular , Cricetinae , Cricetulus , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Pulmón
14.
J Nutr ; 137(12): 2717-22, 2007 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18029489

RESUMEN

Smoking increases the risk of several chronic diseases associated with elevated oxidative stress status. Almonds are a good source of antioxidant nutrients and may diminish smoking-related biomarkers of oxidative stress. We investigated whether almond consumption decreases biomarkers of oxidative stress in young male smokers. We conducted a randomized, crossover clinical trial with 60 healthy male soldiers (18-25 y) who were habitual smokers (5-20 cigarettes/d) and supplemented their diet with 84 g almonds or 120 g pork (to control for calories) daily for 4 wk with a 4-wk washout period between treatment periods. In addition, 30 healthy nonsmoking men were provided the same daily serving of pork as reference comparison. Blood and urine were collected and assessed for biomarkers of oxidative stress. Baseline values of urinary 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and peripheral lymphocyte DNA strand breaks were significantly higher by 185, 64, and 97% in smokers than nonsmokers, whereas activities of plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase were significantly lower by 15, 10, and 9%, respectively. After the almond intervention, serum alpha-tocopherol, SOD, and GPX increased significantly in smokers by 10, 35, and 16%, respectively and 8-OHdG, MDA, and DNA strand breaks decreased significantly by 28, 34, and 23%. In smokers, after almond supplementation, the concentration of 8-OHdG remained significantly greater than in nonsmokers by 98%. These results suggest almond intake can enhance antioxidant defenses and diminish biomarkers of oxidative stress in smokers.


Asunto(s)
Daño del ADN/efectos de los fármacos , Dieta , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Prunus , Fumar/metabolismo , Adulto , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Biomarcadores , Cotinina/orina , Humanos , Masculino , Vitamina E
15.
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol ; 49(3): 154-9, 2007 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17692444

RESUMEN

Magnolia bark extract (MBE) is an extract of the dried stem, root, or branch bark of magnolia trees that has been used historically in traditional Chinese and Japanese medicines, and more recently as a component of dietary supplements and cosmetic products. To study the genotoxic potential of MBE, a bacterial reverse mutation assay and an in vivo micronucleus test were conducted. Compositional analysis of the test substance revealed that MBE contains 94% magnolol and 1.5% honokiol. MBE exerted no mutagenic activity in various bacterial strains of Salmonella typhimurium and in Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA, either in the absence or presence of metabolic activation at all doses tested. In the micronucleus test, various doses of MBE did not affect the proportions of immature to total erythrocytes, nor did it increase the number of micronuclei in the immature erythrocytes of Swiss albino mice. The results of these studies demonstrate that MBE is not genotoxic under the conditions of the in vitro bacterial reverse mutation assay and the in vivo micronucleus test, and support the safety of MBE for dietary consumption.


Asunto(s)
Magnolia/química , Corteza de la Planta/química , Extractos Vegetales/toxicidad , Administración Oral , Animales , Compuestos de Bifenilo/administración & dosificación , Compuestos de Bifenilo/química , Compuestos de Bifenilo/aislamiento & purificación , Compuestos de Bifenilo/toxicidad , Células de la Médula Ósea/citología , Células de la Médula Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Células de la Médula Ósea/metabolismo , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Ciclofosfamida/administración & dosificación , Ciclofosfamida/normas , Ciclofosfamida/toxicidad , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli/genética , Femenino , Lignanos/administración & dosificación , Lignanos/química , Lignanos/aislamiento & purificación , Lignanos/toxicidad , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos , Pruebas de Micronúcleos , Pruebas de Mutagenicidad/métodos , Pruebas de Mutagenicidad/normas , Mutación , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Extractos Vegetales/química , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Salmonella typhimurium/efectos de los fármacos , Salmonella typhimurium/genética
16.
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol ; 49(3): 160-71, 2007 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17692445

RESUMEN

Magnolia bark has been traditionally used in Chinese and Japanese medicines, and its extract is a constituent of currently marketed dietary supplements and cosmetic products. The safety of magnolia bark extract (MBE) was assessed in short-term and subchronic studies. In a 21-day pilot study, rats were administered MBE at levels of 0, 60, 120, 240 or 480 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day in the diet. There were no treatment-related effects in clinical observations, macroscopic or microscopic findings, hematological, clinical chemistry, urinalysis, or organ weight measurements, and there were no deaths or significant differences in body weight and weight gain. In the 90-day study, rats were administered 0, 60, 120 or 240 mg MBE/kg bw/day in the diet. No mortality, ophthalmic abnormalities or treatment-related findings in clinical observations, hematology, coagulation or organ weight measurements were observed. There were no treatment-related macroscopic or microscopic findings. Differences between treated and control groups in body weight, weight gain, food consumption and utilization, clinical chemistry and urinalysis parameters were not considered toxicologically significant as they were not dose-related and/or because values remained within historical control ranges. These results support the safety of MBE for oral consumption.


Asunto(s)
Magnolia/química , Corteza de la Planta/química , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Pruebas de Toxicidad Crónica/métodos , Administración Oral , Animales , Bilirrubina/sangre , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Ingestión de Alimentos/efectos de los fármacos , Recuento de Eritrocitos , Femenino , Glomeruloesclerosis Focal y Segmentaria/patología , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Riñón/patología , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/patología , Masculino , Necrosis , Nivel sin Efectos Adversos Observados , Tamaño de los Órganos/efectos de los fármacos , Proyectos Piloto , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/toxicidad , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Glándula Tiroides/efectos de los fármacos , Glándula Tiroides/patología , Urinálisis/métodos , Útero/efectos de los fármacos , Útero/patología , Aumento de Peso/efectos de los fármacos
17.
Biomed Environ Sci ; 20(2): 126-30, 2007 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17624186

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: NaFeEDTA was considered as a promising iron fortificant for controlling iron deficiency anemia. Soy sauce is a suitable food carrier for iron fortification and is a popular condiment in China. Iron absorption rates of NaFeEDTA and FeSO4 were observed and compared in adult female subjects. METHODS: The stable isotope tracer method was used in Chinese females consuming a typical Chinese diet. Ten healthy young Chinese women were selected as subjects in the 15-day study. A plant-based diet was used based on the dietary pattern of adult women in the 1992 National Nutrition Survey. Six milligram of 54Fe in 54FeSO4 soy sauce and 3 mg 58Fe in Na58FeEDTA soy sauce were given to the same subjects in two days. Food samples and fecal samples were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Iron absorption rates of NaFeEDTA and FeSO4 were 10.51% +/- 2.83 and 4.73% +/- 2.15 respectively. The 58Fe (NaFeEDTA) absorption was significantly higher than that of 54Fe (FeSO4) (P < 0.01). The iron absorption rate from NaFeEDTA was 1.2 times higher than that from FeSO4 in Chinese adult women consuming a typical Chinese diet. CONCLUSION: The higher absorption rate of NaFeEDTA suggested that NaFeEDTA would be a better iron fortificant used in soy sauce for the controlling of iron deficiency anemia in China.


Asunto(s)
Compuestos Férricos/farmacocinética , Alimentos Fortificados , Hierro/farmacocinética , Alimentos de Soja , Adolescente , Adulto , China , Ácido Edético/farmacocinética , Femenino , Compuestos Ferrosos/farmacocinética , Humanos
18.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr ; 16(1): 116-21, 2007.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17215188

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of wheat flours fortified with NaFeEDTA, FeSO4 and elemental iron (electrolytic iron), in improving iron status in anemic students. METHODS: Four hundreds anemic students (11 to 18 years old) were divided into four groups and given wheat flour fortified with different iron fortificants at different concentrations: control group (no added iron); NaFeEDTA group (20 mg Fe/kg); FeSO4 group (30 mg Fe/kg); and elemental iron group (60 mg Fe/kg). The trial lasted for 6 months and the following parameters were examined every 2 months: whole blood hemoglobin, free erythrocyte protoporphyrin, serum ferritin, serum iron, total iron binding capacity and transferrin receptor. RESULTS: The flour consumption in the 4 groups was 300-400 g/person/day, accounted for 70% of total cereal consumption in the diets. There were no significant differences in flour consumption among the 4 groups. Blood hemoglobin level increased in all the 3 intervened groups, but the increment in the NaFeEDTA group was significantly higher and earlier than the other 2 groups; and only 1% of the subjected remained anemic at the end of the trial in the NaFeEDTA group, while 40% and 60% of the subjects in the FeSO4 and electrolytic iron group remained anemic, respectively. The order of improvements in free erythrocyte protoporphyrin, serum ferritin and transferring receptor levels were: NaFeEDTA > FeSO4 > electrolytic iron. No significant changes were found in the control group on all the tested parameters during the trial. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that even NaFeEDTA was added at a lower level, it has better effects than FeSO4 and elemental iron on controlling iron deficiency anemia and improving iron status in anemic children; while elemental iron was the least effective.


Asunto(s)
Anemia Ferropénica/tratamiento farmacológico , Anemia Ferropénica/epidemiología , Compuestos Férricos/uso terapéutico , Alimentos Fortificados , Hierro de la Dieta/uso terapéutico , Hierro/sangre , Adolescente , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales de los Adolescentes , Niño , China/epidemiología , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Ácido Edético , Femenino , Compuestos Férricos/análisis , Ferritinas/sangre , Harina , Hemoglobinas/análisis , Humanos , Hierro de la Dieta/análisis , Masculino , Estado Nutricional , Receptores de Transferrina/metabolismo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Triticum/química
19.
World J Gastroenterol ; 11(34): 5273-6, 2005 Sep 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16149131

RESUMEN

AIM: To investigate the molecular mechanisms by which tea pigments exert preventive effects on liver carcinogenesis. METHODS: HepG2 cells were seeded at a density of 5X10(5)/well in six-well culture dishes and incubated overnight. The cells then were treated with various concentrations of tea pigments over 3 d, harvested by trypsinization, and counted using a hemocytometer. Flow cytometric analysis was performed by a flow cytometer after propidium iodide labeling. Bcl-2 and p21(WAF1) proteins were determined by Western blotting. In addition, DNA laddering assay was performed on treated and untreated cultured HepG2 cells. RESULTS: Tea pigments inhibited the growth of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Flow-cytometric analysis showed that tea pigments arrested cell cycle progression at G1 phase. DNA laddering was used to investigate apoptotic cell death, and the result showed that 100 mg/L of tea pigments caused typical DNA laddering. Our study also showed that tea pigments induced upregulation of p21(WAF1) protein and downregulation of Bcl-2 protein. CONCLUSION: Tea pigments induce cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Tea pigments may be used as an ideal chemopreventive agent.


Asunto(s)
Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Pigmentos Biológicos/farmacología , , Anticarcinógenos/farmacología , Línea Celular Tumoral/citología , Línea Celular Tumoral/efectos de los fármacos , Fase G1/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología
20.
Food Nutr Bull ; 26(2): 177-86; discussion 187-9, 2005 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16060219

RESUMEN

The objective of this research was to study the effectiveness of NaFeEDTA-fortified soy sauce for controlling iron deficiency in a high-risk population. This was an 18-month, randomized, placebo-controlled intervention trial in 14,000 residents aged three years or older in Bijie City, Guizhou Province, China, using sodium-iron ethylene diamine tetraacetate (NaFeEDTA)-fortified soy sauce (29.6 mg Fe/100 ml). The study data included measurements of food consumption, hemoglobin, serum ferritin, and serum retinol. The results showed that the diet consisted primarily of cereals, fruits, and vegetables, with very little meat. Food consumption remained unchanged during the study period and was similar in the fortified and control groups. The average daily soy sauce consumption of the group consuming the fortified product was 16.4 ml per person, which provided 4.9 mg of iron from NaFeEDTA. At the end of the trial, all age and sex subgroups receiving NaFeEDTA had significantly higher hemoglobin levels, a lower prevalence of anemia, and higher plasma ferritin levels than the controls. The effects became statistically significant after six months of intervention and were maintained throughout the study period. We conclude that NaFeEDTA-fortified soy sauce was highly effective in controlling iron deficiency and reducing the prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia in men, women, and children. NaFeEDTA-fortified soy sauce is affordable and was well accepted by the study population.


Asunto(s)
Anemia Ferropénica/prevención & control , Compuestos Férricos/uso terapéutico , Ferritinas/sangre , Hemoglobinas/análisis , Hierro/sangre , Alimentos de Soja , Adolescente , Adulto , Anemia Ferropénica/sangre , Anemia Ferropénica/epidemiología , Niño , Preescolar , China/epidemiología , Encuestas sobre Dietas , Método Doble Ciego , Ácido Edético/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Alimentos Fortificados , Humanos , Hierro de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
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