Transcriptomic profiling of rose flower under treatment of various phytohormones and plant growth regulators.

Rose is one of the most important ornamental plants, accounting for one-third of the world's fresh cut flower market. The vase life refers to the period of a cut flower retaining its appearance in a vase. During this period, the rose was subjected to a variety of abiotic and biotic stresses, resulting in a reduction in the life of cut flowers. Numerous studies have been carried out on cut rose, which proves the effects of various plant hormones on post-harvest dehydration, petal senescence and abscission, disease and vase life of cut rose flowers. In addition, the natural or synthetic hormones or its inhibitor have been successfully used in cut flower preservatives to extend the vase life of rose. However, there is still a lack of systematic and in-depth research on the expression of rose genes related to plant hormone response. Here we analyzed the gene expression changes of the rose flower under treatment of 11 different plant hormones or its inhibitors in order to provide reference for rose studies.

Gibberellin-induced changes in the transcriptome of grapevine (Vitis labrusca × V. vinifera) cv. Kyoho flowers.

BACKGROUND: Gibberellins are well known for their growth control function in flower, fruit and seed development, and as such, exogenous gibberellic acid (GA) application plays an important role in viticulture. Unfortunately, the mechanism by which GA3 acts in the regulation of these complicated developmental processes in grape remains unclear. RESULTS: In the present study, we demonstrated that application of GA3 to 'Kyoho' grapevine inflorescences at pre-bloom promoted flower opening, and induced fruit coloring as well as seed abortion. In an attempt to obtain a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving these responses to GA3 treatment, we performed large-scale transcriptome sequencing of grape flowers following GA3 treatment using Illumina sequencing technology. Global expression profiles of GA3-treated and untreated grape flowers were compared and a large number of GA3-responsive genes were identified. Gene ontology (GO) term classification and biochemical pathway analyses indicated that GA3 treatment caused changes in the levels of transcripts involved in cellular processes, reproduction, hormone and secondary metabolism, as well as the scavenging and detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These findings suggest that GA3-induced morphological alterations may be related to the control of hormone biosynthesis and signaling, regulation of transcription factors, alteration of secondary metabolites, and the stability of redox homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, this comprehensive inflorescence transcriptome data set provides novel insight into the response of grape flowers to GA3 treatment, and also provides possible candidate genes or markers that could be used to guide future efforts in this field.