RESUMEN
Traditional Chinese medicine materials (TCM) contained abundant trace elements needed in human body. Mixed acid (HNO3:HClO4) was added into samples treated by microwave digestion, and a systematic study was carried out by selection of the most appropriate working conditions and optimization of the sample mass. Some inorganic elements in 5 kinds of radix curcumae (Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling, Curcuma longa L., Curcuma kwangsiensis S. G. Lee et C. F. Liang, Curcuma phaeocaulis Val. and Curcuma chuanyujin C. K Hsieh et H. Zhang) necessary to lives were determined by flames atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Elements, such as K, Ca, Na, Mg, Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn were detected. The results show that there are similar elements in the five kinds of radix curcumae, while differences only exist in a few elements contents. The correlative analysis of trace elements in samples was carried out by cluster analysis of the 4 kinds of radix curcumae (Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling, Curcuma longa L., Curcuma kwangsiensis S. G. Lee et C. F. Liang and Curcuma phaeocaulis Val. ) in codex populations in a cluster, different from the unofficial sample (Curcuma chuanyujin C. K. Hsieh et H. Zhang). The cluster analysis results are consistent with the morphological characteristics of the traditional taxonomy results. The results showed that the analytic method is advisable. This paper provides scientific basis for deeply studing the relation between trace elements and drug effect of radix curcumae.
Asunto(s)
Curcuma/química , Curcuma/clasificación , Compuestos Inorgánicos/análisis , Espectrofotometría Atómica , Oligoelementos/análisis , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/análisis , Microondas , Extractos Vegetales/análisis , Extractos Vegetales/químicaRESUMEN
In the present article the FTIR spectra of the wild and planting Gastrodia elata Bl. from different habitats and its confusable varieties such as Canna edulis Ker-Gawl, Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott and Solanum tuberosum L. were obtained by horizontal attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (HATR-FTIR), and were all transformed by Fourier self-deconvolution. The authors investigated the discrepancy extent of Fourier self-deconvolution of Gastrodia elata Bl and confusable varieties under various bandwidth and enhancement, and found that the discrepancy extent of Gastrodia elata Bl and confusable varieties was the most obvious when the bandwidth was between 75.0 and 76.0 and enhancement was 3.2. By adopting Fourier self-deconvolution infrared spectroscopy (FSD-IR) analytical method the samples were studied in detail. The results showed that we could find out the difference among them by means of Fourier self-deconvolution infrared spectroscopy, although it was very difficult to find out the difference in FSD-IR spectra of wild and planting Gastrodia elata Bl., and asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction Gastrodia elata Bl. The difference in FSD-IR spectra between Gastrodia elata Bl. and its confusable varieties is also very great. Therefore, this method can be used to recognize different Gastrodia elata Bl. and its confusable varieties simply, rapidly and accurately.
Asunto(s)
Gastrodia/química , Plantas Medicinales/química , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier/métodos , Gastrodia/fisiología , Plantas Medicinales/fisiología , Control de CalidadRESUMEN
The present paper used many kinds of mensuration of FTIR spectroscopy to determine traditional Chinese drugs--rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae. Comparing the horizontal attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectra (HATR-FTIR) of xylem and outer layer parts of cuticle indicates that there are more butenolide and its derivatives in outer layer parts of cuticle. Much more chemical materials could be found in fresh sample than in drying sample, possibly due to the decreased amount of naphtha in the drying sample. The HATR-FTIR of xylem of rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae and its confusable varieties were transformed into second derivative FTIR to make sure whether the peak location is consistent. As a result, the difference is significant.
Asunto(s)
Atractylodes/química , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/análisis , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier/métodosRESUMEN
In the present paper, different mensurations of Fourier transform infrared spectra for the analysis of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. were compared. FTIR mensurement was applied to the analysis of quality of xylem and outer layer of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. from native habitat. The results revealed that the chemical contents are the same in both the xylem and outer layer of Paeonia lactiflora Pall.. But outer layer has less paeoniflorin and its derivatives than in xylem of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. Different habitats of xylem of Paeonia lactiflora Pall.. were Hanzhou, Anhui and Sichuan. The results indicated that the quality with habitat in Zhejiang is the best among the three.
Asunto(s)
Paeonia/química , Epidermis de la Planta/química , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Xilema/química , China , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/análisis , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/química , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/normas , Geografía , Control de CalidadRESUMEN
The contents of elements Ni, Zn, Mn, Cu, Mg, Fe, Ca and Pb in flos chrysanthemi and flos chrysanthemi indici were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The recovery rates obtained by standard addition method were between 94.20% and 110.50%, and the RSDs were lower than 4.12%. The results of the determination show that flos chrysanthemi is rich in the inorganic elements such as Ni, Zn, Fe and Pb, and flos chrysanthemi indici is rich in the inorganic elements such as Mn and Ca. The results will provide scientific data for the study on the elements in flos chrysanthemi and flos chrysanthemi indici and on their relativity of efficacy of medicine.
Asunto(s)
Chrysanthemum/química , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/análisis , Oligoelementos/análisis , Espectrofotometría AtómicaRESUMEN
The support vector machine (SVM) is a new learning technique based on the statistical learning theory. In the present paper, forty Panax quinquefolium L. samples were used as experimental materials. The classification models were established using Fourier transform infrared spectra(FTIR)-SVM training method with the intention of identifying whether the Panax quinquefolium L. samples are genuine or they are just Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. samples. The thirty samples in training set were identified by the classifying models with an accurate rate of 100%, while the ten estimate samples had an accurate rate of 90%. The research result shows the feasibility of establishing the models with FTIR-SVM method to identify Panax quinquefolium L. samples and Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.
Asunto(s)
Panax/química , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
Huperzia serrata is an important medicinal plant. This species is rich in inner-specific variation with various closely related species, and their individuals are also small with few identification characters. In the present paper, the method of Fourier transform infrared spectrometer with an OMNI collector was applied to obtaining the infrared spectra of 16 leaf samples including Huperzia serrata and its five closely related species (Huperzia sutchueniana, Phlegmariurus mingchegensis, Lycopodium japonicum, Selaginella doederleinii, Selaginella heterostachys). Based on the indices of wave number-absorbance, the differences of the 16 infrared spectra were compared by the method of Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed that there is good correspondence between the position relationship of PCA three-dimensional plot of the samples based on the indices of wave number-absorbance of FTIR spectra and their phenetic relationship. Therefore, the infrared spectra could be applied to identifying the samples of Huperzia serrata and its closely related species.
Asunto(s)
Huperzia/química , Hojas de la Planta/química , Análisis de Componente Principal , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier/métodos , Huperzia/clasificación , Lycopodium/química , Plantas Medicinales/química , Plantas Medicinales/clasificación , Selaginellaceae/química , Especificidad de la Especie , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier/instrumentaciónRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To establish an FTIR method for the analysis of Dendrobium. METHOD: Using fourier transform infrared spectrometer to record the characteristic spectra of eleven samples of Dendrobium, and to compare the spectra by PCA (principal component analysis). RESULT: The FTIR spectra of the upper part of the stem displayed significant differences between fresh and dried samples of Dendrobium. On the other hand, differences were observed in the spectra of the middle and lower parts of stems of D. guangxieuse when compared to other species. CONCLUSION: The method of applying PCA to FTIR analysis is a rapid and dependable method for comparing samples of Dendrobium.
Asunto(s)
Dendrobium/química , Plantas Medicinales/química , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier/métodos , Dendrobium/clasificación , Tallos de la Planta/química , Plantas Medicinales/clasificación , Análisis de Componente Principal/métodosRESUMEN
A new method using single reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was proposed for direct and fast determination of Corydalis yanhusuo W. T. Wang of traditional Chinese herbal medicines and its confusable varieties. Data were collected directly for Fourier transform infrared spectra with OMNI sampler. Then through converting FTIR spectra of the samples into second derivative spectra by derivative spectra software, it is possible to identify Corydalis yanhusuo W. T. Wang from the confusable varieties with statistics. The result shows that the second derivative FTIR of Corydalis yanhusuo W. T. Wang and its confusable varieties are different in the 2 050-650 cm(-1) range. The probability is less than 0.01 and the result is significant. Corydalis yanhnsuo W. T. Wang and its confusable varieties can be identified by identifying the inner layer parts of the cuticles of samples by second derivative FTIR spectroscopy with statistics directly, rapidly and accurately.
Asunto(s)
Corydalis/química , Interpretación Estadística de Datos , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/análisis , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier/métodos , Corydalis/clasificación , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/química , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/normas , Medicina Tradicional China , Control de Calidad , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Programas Informáticos , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
This paper uses Fourier transform infrared spectrometer with OMNI sampler to distinguish Fructus amomi from their confusable varieties, i. e. Amomum aurantiacum H. T. Tsai et S. W. Zhao, Amomum chinense Chun ex T. L. Wu, Alpinia chinensis (Ketz.) Rosc and Alpinia japonica (Thunb.) Miq. IRs of Amomum villosum Lour., Amomum longiligulare T. L. Wu and Amomum villosum Lour. Var xanthioides T. L. Wu et Senjen are resemble, and they are markedly different from the FTIR of the confusable varieties. Repeat experiments were processed with different samples of the same set, and the probability is 1.000. The result shows that FTIR can be directly used to distinguish Fructus amomi from their confusable varieties.
Asunto(s)
Amomum/química , Amomum/clasificación , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier/métodos , Alpinia/química , Alpinia/clasificaciónRESUMEN
In order to establish the theory and method for the identification of Ophiogon japonicus (Thunb.)Ker-Gawl. of traditional Chinese herbal medicines and its confusable varieties, second derivative FTIR spectroscopy was used combined with statistics. Samples were collected directly by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra with OMNI-Sampler. Then through converting FTIR spectra of the samples into second derivative spectra by derivative spectra software, Ophiogon japonicus (Thunb.)Ker-Gawl. could be identified from the confusable varieties with statistics. The result shows that the second derivative FTIR of Ophiogon japonicus (Thunb.)Ker-Gawl. and its confusable varieties are different, which differ greatly in 2 000-650 cm(-1) range in second derivative FTIR spectroscopy. The Ophiogon japonicus (Thunb.)Ker-Gawl. and its confusable varieties can be identified by identifying the inner layer parts of the cuticles of samples by second derivative FTIR spectroscopy with statistics directly, rapidly and accurately.
Asunto(s)
Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/aislamiento & purificación , Medicina Tradicional China/normas , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier/métodos , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/química , Propiolactona/química , Programas Informáticos , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier/normas , Análisis EspectralRESUMEN
The IR of kernel and boil. cortex of perilla frutescens seeds and its confusable varieties were obtained directly, quickly and accurately by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results show that IR characteristics of different peaks and intensities of kernel and boil. cortex of Perilla frutescens(L). Britt. seeds and its confusable varieties, such as Mosla scabra (Thunb.) C. Y. Wu et H. W. Li, and M. Soochouensis Matsuda, and Mosla dianthera (Buch. Ham.) Maxim., are different. Obvious characteristics for its identification with different chemical compounds in FTIR were revealed, which can be used to identify Perilla frutescens(L.) Britt. seeds and its confusable varieties. Furthermore, the approach can be achieved quickly and accurately without extraction and separation of samples.
Asunto(s)
Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/química , Perilla frutescens/química , Contaminación de Medicamentos , Semillas/química , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier/métodosRESUMEN
The plants of the genus Isodon are of important medicinal values, being widely used in the production of the Chinese traditional and herbal drugs. Compared with the other identification methods, the identification of the Chinese traditional and herbal drugs using the fourier-transform infrared spectrometer with OMNI collector is simple and convenient, fast and accurate. Moreover, the extraction or break of the samples are not necessary in the identification using OMNI collector. In the present paper, fourier-transform infrared spectrometer with OMNI collector is applied to gain the IR-fingerprintings of eleven samples of Isodon inflexus, I. Lophanthoides and I. Macrocalyx. Based on the indices of wavenumber-absorbance, the differences of eleven IR-fingerprintings are compared by PCA (Principal Component Analysis). The results show that it is practical to apply PCA on the basis of IR-fingerprinting to compare the chemical differences of plant samples.
Asunto(s)
Isodon/química , Isodon/clasificación , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de FourierRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To establish a method to determine Vitamin C in the Vc Yinqiao Tablets. METHOD: Diffuse Reflectance in FTIR was used to determination of Vitamin C in the Vc Yinqiao tablets. RESULT: The content of Vitamin C could be obtained directly, and the relationship between the absorbance and the concen tration was linear. The average recovery rate of Vitamin C was 98.69%, and RSD was 0.33%. CONCLUSION: The method is simple, accurate and reliable, which may well be used for the determination of Vitamin C in the Vc Yinqiao Tablet.