RESUMEN
Objective: To explore the mechanism of Qiwei antipruritic by using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. Methods: The components and related targets of Qiwei antipruritic were screened by using the traditional Chinese medicine system pharmacology database (TCMSP and symmap databases). GeneCards and OMIM databases were used to screen itch-related targets. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network between active ingredient targets and pruritus disease targets was constructed using STRING database. Cytoscape 3.8.0 software was used to draw the visualization network of "drug-component-target-signaling pathway" and screen the core targets. Gene ontology (GO) functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed using R software. AutoDock vina software was used to perform molecular docking of key targets and their corresponding key components. Results: There were 44 main components of Qiwei antipruritic compound, 118 corresponding targets and 3869 itch-related genes. A total of 82 predicted targets of Qiwei antipruritic in the treatment of pruritus were obtained. Eleven key targets were screened. Among the 23 KEGG enriched pathways, 12 signaling pathways were related to skin pruritus. Molecular docking results showed that the core components of Qiwei antipruritic, including quercetin, kaempferol, ß-sitosterol, stigmasterol, luteolin, and preskimmianine, had good binding ability with ESR1, PPARG, IL6, TP53, and EGFR, and the docking scores were all less than -4. Conclusion: The mechanism of Qiwei antipruritic may be related to histamine activation mechanism, calcium channel mechanism, inhibition of inflammatory signaling pathway, inhibition of neurotransmitters, and regulation of immune pathways. The traditional Chinese medicine compound Qiwei antipruritic can treat clinical pruritus through multiple targets and pathways.
RESUMEN
The Programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) comprise the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and maintain tumor immune evasion. Cancer immunotherapy based on anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies is the most promising anti-tumor treatment available but is currently facing the thorny problem of unsatisfactory outcomes. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), with its rich heritage of Chinese medicine monomers, herbal formulas, and physical therapies like acupuncture, moxibustion, and catgut implantation, is a multi-component and multi-target system of medicine known for enhancing immunity and preventing the spread of disease. TCM is often used as an adjuvant therapy for cancer in clinical practices, and recent studies have demonstrated the synergistic effects of combining TCM with cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we examined the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and its role in tumor immune escape while exploring how TCM therapies can modulate the PD-1/PD-L1 axis to improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Our findings suggest that TCM therapy can enhance cancer immunotherapy by reducing the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1, regulating T-cell function, improving the tumor immune microenvironment, and regulating intestinal flora. We hope this review may serve as a valuable resource for future studies on the sensitization of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy.
RESUMEN
Obesity is a kind of chronic disease due to a long-term imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. In recent years, the number of obese people around the world has soared, and obesity problem should not be underestimated. Obesity is characterized by changes in the adipose microenvironment, mainly manifested as hypertrophy, chronic inflammatory status, hypoxia, and fibrosis, thus contributing to the pathological changes of other tissues. A plethora of phytochemicals have been found to improve adipose microenvironment, thus prevent and resist obesity, providing a new research direction for the treatment of obesity and related diseases. This paper discusses remodeling of the adipose tissue microenvironment as a therapeutic avenue and reviews the progress of phytochemicals in fighting obesity by improving the adipose microenvironment.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) are both used to treat spastic cerebral palsy. However, the differences in therapeutic effect remain unknown. METHODS: A total of 105 patients with spastic cerebral palsy were enrolled and randomly assigned to three groups: the BMMSC group, the BMMNC group and the control group. Patients in both transplantation groups received four intrathecal cell injections. Patients in the control group received Bobath therapy. The gross motor function measure (GMFM) and the fine motor function measure (FMFM) were used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy before transplantation and 3, 6, and 12 months after transplantation. RESULTS: Three months after cell transplantation, scores in the A dimension of GMFM and the A and C dimensions of FMFM scores in the BMMSC group are all higher than those of the BMMNC and the control groups (P < 0.05). Six months after cell transplantation, scores in the A, B dimensions of GMFM and the A, B, C, D, and E dimensions of FMFM scores in the BMMSC group are higher than those of the BMMNC and the control groups (P < 0.05). Twelve months after cell transplantation, scores in the A, B, and C dimensions of GMFM and the A, B, C, D, and E dimensions of FMFM scores in the BMMSC group are all higher than those of the BMMNC and the control groups (P < 0.05). No obvious adverse effects were investigated during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: BMMSC transplantation for the treatment of cerebral palsy is safe and feasible, and can improve gross motor and fine motor function significantly. In addition, compared with BMMNC, the motor function of children improved significantly in terms of gross motor and fine motor functions.