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Terapia por Acupuntura , Acupuntura , Laceraciones , Traumatismos de los Tejidos Blandos , Humanos , RiñónRESUMEN
BACKGROUNDS: The aim of the present study was to investigate the perioperative parameters associated with bladder neck contracture (BNC) after transurethral surgery of the prostate and to compare the incidence of BNC after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or Thulium vaporesection (resection group) versus Thulium vapoenucleation or enucleation of the prostate (enucleation group). METHODS: Between March 2008 and March 2020, 2363 patients received TURP and 1656 patients received transurethral surgery of the prostate with Thulium laser (ThuP) at Mackay Memorial Hospital. A total of 62 patients developed BNC. These BNC patients were age-and operation-matched to 124 randomly sampled TURP/ThuP controls without BNC. A 1:1 propensity score matching model was used to evaluate the difference in incidence of BNC. RESULTS: Our study demonstrated that a greater proportion of BNC patients had history of cerebrovascular accidents (11/62 vs. 7/124, p = 0.009), coronary artery disease (14/48 vs. 16/108, p = 0.03), chronic kidney disease (14/62 vs. 11/124, p = 0.01), and two or more comorbidities (29/62 vs. 27/124, p = 0.001) compared with NBNC patients. Multivariate analysis showed that smaller prostate volume (OR 0.96 (0.94-0.99), p = 0.008) and recatherization (OR 5.6 (1.02-30.6), p = 0.047) were significantly associated with BNC. A ROC curve predicted that a prostate volume < 42.9 cm3 was associated with a notably higher rate of BNC. The propensity score matching model reported there was no difference in incidence between resection and enucleation groups. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that incidence of BNC was the same in different surgical techniques and that low prostate volume, recatherization and ≥ 2 comorbidities were positively correlated with the development of BNC after TURP or ThuP.
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Contractura/etiología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , Prostatectomía/efectos adversos , Hiperplasia Prostática/cirugía , Tulio/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de la Vejiga Urinaria/etiología , Anciano , Contractura/epidemiología , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Prostatectomía/métodos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Resección Transuretral de la Próstata , Enfermedades de la Vejiga Urinaria/epidemiología , VolatilizaciónRESUMEN
RATIONALE: Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) is known to promote reproductive functions. However, its role in noncontact erection (NCE) of penis initiated by brain regions including medial preoptic area (MPOA) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) regions responsible for sexual behavior has not been investigated. OBJECTIVES: Therefore, this study initially investigated the effects of LBP on male sexual function, and subsequently, the mechanistic insight was investigated through assessing the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the MPOA and PVN. METHODS: The adult male rats were treated with 100 mg/kg of LBP or vehicle by oral gavage. Before and after 14 days of treatment, copulatory behavior and noncontact erection (NCE) were recorded. After the last behavioral test, the brain was isolated to measure nNOS expression in the MPOA and PVN. RESULTS: Data showed that LBP treatment significantly increased both the frequencies of intromission as well as ejaculation, compared to the control group. Whereas, a reduced post-ejaculatory interval was observed compared to same group on day 0. Furthermore, the treatment led to an increased intromission ratio, inter-intromission interval, and the number of MPOA nNOS-immunoreactive cells (nNOS-ir). Additionally, a significantly positive correlation between ejaculation frequency and MPOA nNOS-ir cells was recorded. Of note, LBP treatment had no effects on NCE and PVN nNOS-ir expression. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that LBP enhances sexual behavior through increased nNOS expression in the MPOA in male rats.
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Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/farmacología , Óxido Nítrico Sintasa de Tipo I/metabolismo , Erección Peniana/efectos de los fármacos , Área Preóptica/efectos de los fármacos , Conducta Sexual Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Activación Enzimática/efectos de los fármacos , Activación Enzimática/fisiología , Femenino , Masculino , Neuronas/efectos de los fármacos , Neuronas/enzimología , Óxido Nítrico , Núcleo Hipotalámico Paraventricular/efectos de los fármacos , Núcleo Hipotalámico Paraventricular/enzimología , Erección Peniana/fisiología , Área Preóptica/enzimología , Ratas , Ratas Long-Evans , Conducta Sexual Animal/fisiología , Testículo/efectos de los fármacos , Testículo/enzimologíaRESUMEN
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a disorder found in males throughout the world, which negatively affects relationships with partners with advancing age. Hence, in this study, we tested a combined novel treatment of electro-acupuncture (EA) and sildenafil citrate against ED. In addition to EA therapy, the sildenafil citrate, a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, is a widely recognized drug that has achieved considerable success in the treatment of ED. However, the combined effect of both the EA and sildenafil has not yet been investigated. Hence, we aimed to examine the effect of EA on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of sildenafil in rat plasma. The pharmacokinetic parameters were determined using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) after EA and sildenafil administration (10 mg/Kg). Following this, the pharmacodynamics was studied via blood flow pattern using developing Doppler images of the lower body and penis. The pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that sildenafil significantly increases by administration of low-frequency EA. Further, the pharmacodynamic studies using Doppler imaging revealed an elevated blood flow in rat penis compared with lower body during combined treatment of sildenafil and low-frequency EA. These data indicate a synergistic therapeutic effect of EA and sildenafil for the treatment of ED.
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Electroacupuntura , Disfunción Eréctil/tratamiento farmacológico , Pene/irrigación sanguínea , Inhibidores de Fosfodiesterasa 5/farmacocinética , Citrato de Sildenafil/farmacocinética , Vasodilatadores/farmacocinética , Administración Intravenosa , Análisis de Varianza , Animales , Área Bajo la Curva , Cateterismo , Masculino , Erección Peniana , Inhibidores de Fosfodiesterasa 5/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores de Fosfodiesterasa 5/sangre , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Citrato de Sildenafil/administración & dosificación , Citrato de Sildenafil/sangre , Vasodilatadores/administración & dosificación , Vasodilatadores/sangreRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To assess the associations between preoperative treatment with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors and the risks of blood transfusion during transurethral resection of the prostate and blood clot evacuation or emergency department visits for hematuria within 1 month after surgery. METHODS: We used data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database in this population-based cohort study. A total of 3,126 patients who underwent first-time transurethral resection of the prostate from 2004 to 2013 were identified. Adjusted odds ratios estimated by multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the independent effects of the preoperative use of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors on the risks of perioperative hemorrhagic events after adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS: Two hundred and ninety-seven (9.4%) patients were treated with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors for <3 months, and 65 (2.1%) patients were treated for ≥3 months prior to undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate. The blood transfusion rates for patients who were not treated with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (controls), patients who were treated with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors for <3 months, and patients who were treated with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors ≥3 months were 9.5%, 8.8%, and 3.1%, respectively. 5-alpha reductase inhibitors tended to decrease the risk of blood transfusion; however, this association was not statistically significant (adjusted odds ratio=0.14, 95% confidence interval: 0.02-1.01). Age ≥80 years, coagulopathy, and a resected prostate tissue weight >50 g were associated with significantly higher risks of blood transfusion than other parameters. CONCLUSIONS: This nationwide study did not show that significant associations exist between 5-alpha reductase inhibitor use before transurethral resection of the prostate and the risks of blood transfusion and blood clot evacuation or emergency visits for hematuria.
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Inhibidores de 5-alfa-Reductasa/uso terapéutico , Pérdida de Sangre Quirúrgica/prevención & control , Hiperplasia Prostática/cirugía , Resección Transuretral de la Próstata/efectos adversos , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Transfusión Sanguínea , Estudios de Cohortes , Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital , Hematuria/etiología , Hematuria/prevención & control , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cuidados Preoperatorios/métodos , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/antagonistas & inhibidoresRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To assess the associations between preoperative treatment with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors and the risks of blood transfusion during transurethral resection of the prostate and blood clot evacuation or emergency department visits for hematuria within 1 month after surgery. METHODS: We used data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database in this population-based cohort study. A total of 3,126 patients who underwent first-time transurethral resection of the prostate from 2004 to 2013 were identified. Adjusted odds ratios estimated by multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the independent effects of the preoperative use of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors on the risks of perioperative hemorrhagic events after adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS: Two hundred and ninety-seven (9.4%) patients were treated with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors for <3 months, and 65 (2.1%) patients were treated for ≥3 months prior to undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate. The blood transfusion rates for patients who were not treated with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (controls), patients who were treated with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors for <3 months, and patients who were treated with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors ≥3 months were 9.5%, 8.8%, and 3.1%, respectively. 5-alpha reductase inhibitors tended to decrease the risk of blood transfusion; however, this association was not statistically significant (adjusted odds ratio=0.14, 95% confidence interval: 0.02-1.01). Age ≥80 years, coagulopathy, and a resected prostate tissue weight >50 g were associated with significantly higher risks of blood transfusion than other parameters. CONCLUSIONS: This nationwide study did not show that significant associations exist between 5-alpha reductase inhibitor use before transurethral resection of the prostate and the risks of blood transfusion and blood clot evacuation or emergency visits for hematuria.
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Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Hiperplasia Prostática/cirugía , Pérdida de Sangre Quirúrgica/prevención & control , Resección Transuretral de la Próstata/efectos adversos , Inhibidores de 5-alfa-Reductasa/uso terapéutico , Factores de Tiempo , Transfusión Sanguínea , Cuidados Preoperatorios/métodos , Modelos Logísticos , Factores de Riesgo , Estudios de Cohortes , Resultado del Tratamiento , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/antagonistas & inhibidores , Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital , Hematuria/etiología , Hematuria/prevención & controlRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: There was no consensus about the management of patients with urinary retention and elevated serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. This study aimed to determine whether concomitant transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided biopsy and transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) is practical in patients with urinary retention and elevated serum PSA levels. METHODS: From March 2007 to May 2015, a total of 34 patients with urinary retention and elevated PSA (≥ 4 ng/mL) underwent concomitant TRUS-guided biopsy and TURP. The medical records were evaluated retrospectively, and data including PSA, prostate volume, TURP results, TRUS-guided biopsy results, length of hospitalization, and complications were collected. These patients were then compared with 40 patients with urinary retention who underwent TURP alone. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 71.6 years. The mean PSA levels were 16.9 ng/mL. Prostate cancer was detected in eight cases (23.5%): one case by TRUS-guided biopsy alone, two cases by TURP alone, and five cases by both TRUS-guided biopsy and TURP. Complications included fever in five patients (14.7%), recatheterization for urine retention in two patients (5.9%), urinary tract infection in two patients (5.9%), and de novo urge incontinence in seven patients (20.6%). The complication rate was not significantly increased compared with that of the patients who underwent TURP alone. CONCLUSION: This study showed that concomitant TRUS-guided biopsy and TURP was safe and of possible clinical significance in urinary retention patients with elevated serum PSA.
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Biopsia Guiada por Imagen/métodos , Antígeno Prostático Específico/sangre , Próstata/patología , Resección Transuretral de la Próstata/métodos , Ultrasonografía Intervencional , Retención Urinaria/cirugía , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resección Transuretral de la Próstata/efectos adversosRESUMEN
The aim of study is to develop a high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method to investigate the pharmacokinetic interaction of Epimedium extract on the dapoxetine in rats. Experimental rats were divided into the following four parallel groups: (1) dapoxetine alone (10mg/kg, i.v.); (2) oral administration of Epimedium extract (2g/kg) for 3 consecutive days and on the fourth day dapoxetine was administered (10mg/kg, i.v.); (3) dapoxetine alone (10mg/kg, p.o.); (4) oral administration of Epimedium extract (2g/kg) for 3 consecutive days and on the fourth day dapoxetine was administered (10mg/kg, p.o.). The calibration curves of dapoxetine were acquired over a concentration ranges from 1 to 500ng/mL with the R(2)=0.999. The mean matrix effects and extraction recoveries of dapoxetine at three different concentrations (1, 10, 500ng/mL) ranged from 107.3 to 110.9% and from 25.5 to 28.2% respectively. The interday and intraday relative standard deviation were both <6% while the bias were both <14%. The pharmacokinetic results demonstrated that pretreated with/without Epimedium extract for three consecutive days did not significant alter the pharmacokinetics of dapoxetine in rats. The oral bioavailability of dapoxetine was about 75% in rats.
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Bencilaminas/sangre , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/química , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/farmacología , Epimedium/química , Interacciones de Hierba-Droga , Naftalenos/sangre , Inhibidores Selectivos de la Recaptación de Serotonina/sangre , Animales , Bencilaminas/administración & dosificación , Disponibilidad Biológica , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/administración & dosificación , Límite de Detección , Masculino , Naftalenos/administración & dosificación , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Inhibidores Selectivos de la Recaptación de Serotonina/administración & dosificación , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem/métodosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer and a predominant cause of skin cancer-related deaths. A previous study has demonstrated the ability of butein to inhibit tumor proliferation and invasion. However, the anti-metastatic mechanisms and in vivo effects of butein have not been fully elucidated. METHODS: MTT cell viability assays were used to evaluate the antitumor effects of butein in vitro. Cytotoxic effects of butein were measured by lactate dehydrogenase assay. Anti-migratory effects of butein were evaluated by two-dimensional scratch and transwell migration assays. Signaling transduction and VEGF-releasing assays were measured by Western blotting and ELISA. We also conducted an experimental analysis of the metastatic potential of tumor cells injected into the tail vein of C57BL/6 mice. RESULTS: We first demonstrated the effect of butein on cell viability at non-cytotoxic concentrations (1, 3, and 10 µM). In vitro, butein was found to inhibit the migration of B16F10 cells in a concentration-dependent manner using transwell and scratch assays. Butein had a dose-dependent effect on focal adhesion kinase, Akt, and ERK phosphorylation in B16F10 cells. Butein efficiently inhibited the mTOR/p70S6K translational inhibition machinery and decreased the production of VEGF in B16F10 cells. Furthermore, the in vivo antitumor effects of butein were demonstrated using a pulmonary metastasis model. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study indicate the potential utility of butein in the treatment of melanoma.
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Chalconas/administración & dosificación , Melanoma Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Cutáneas/tratamiento farmacológico , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/metabolismo , Animales , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Masculino , Melanoma Experimental/metabolismo , Melanoma Experimental/patología , Melanoma Experimental/fisiopatología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Neoplasias Cutáneas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/fisiopatología , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: FTY720, a sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor agonist, possesses potent anti-inflammation capacity. We evaluated the therapeutic potentials of FTY720 against testicular injury induced by testicular torsion and/or detorsion (T/D). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Young adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated to receive T/D (the T/D group) and T/D plus FTY720 (4 mg/kg, the T/D-FTY group, n = 6 in each group). To investigate the possible roles of the S1P receptors, another group of rats received T/D plus FTY720 plus the potent S1P receptor antagonist VPC23019 (1 mg/kg, the T/D-FTY-VPC group, n = 6). FTY720 was administered immediately before testicular detorsion, and VPC23019 was administered 30 min before FTY720. Another set of rats that received sham operation, immediately followed by injection of normal saline, FTY720, or FTY720 plus VPC23019, served as control groups. Sham control groups were run simultaneously. After euthanization, levels of testicular injury were measured. RESULTS: Histologic findings revealed severe testicular injury changes in both the T/D and T/D-FTY-VPC groups and moderate testicular injury changes in the T/D-FTY group. In addition, malondialdehyde activity (oxidative status), concentration of interleukin-1ß (inflammation index), myeloperoxidase activity (neutrophil infiltration index), and wet-to-dry weight ratio (tissue edema index) of both the T/D and T/D-FTY-VPC groups were significantly higher than those of the T/D-FTY group. These data confirmed the protective effects of FTY720 against testicular T/D. Moreover, antagonizing the S1P receptors could reverse the protective effects of FTY720. CONCLUSIONS: FTY720 significantly mitigated testicular injury induced by testicular T/D. The mechanisms may involve activating the S1P receptors.
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Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Glicoles de Propileno/uso terapéutico , Torsión del Cordón Espermático/tratamiento farmacológico , Esfingosina/análogos & derivados , Testículo/lesiones , Animales , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Edema/tratamiento farmacológico , Clorhidrato de Fingolimod , Inmunosupresores/metabolismo , Inmunosupresores/farmacología , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Metabolismo de los Lípidos/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Infiltración Neutrófila/efectos de los fármacos , Glicoles de Propileno/metabolismo , Glicoles de Propileno/farmacología , Distribución Aleatoria , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Esfingosina/metabolismo , Esfingosina/farmacología , Esfingosina/uso terapéutico , Testículo/efectos de los fármacos , Testículo/metabolismoRESUMEN
Epimedium sagittatum (Sieb. et Zucc.) Maxim is one of the herbs used to treat erectile dysfunction in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Sildenafil is a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor used to treat erectile dysfunction in Western Medicine. This study evaluates the herbal-drug interaction of Epimedium sagittatum extract on the pharmacokinetics of sildenafil in rats by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. The rat plasma was sampled from each anesthetized rat after pretreatment with 3-days Epimedium sagittatum extract (1/2 g/kg/day) and intravenous injection with sildenafil (10/30 mg/kg). The pharmacokinetic data demonstrate that the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of sildenafil (10 mg/kg) was significantly decreased in groups that received a high dose of Epimedium sagittatum extract. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that there was significant herb-drug interaction of Epimedium sagittatum extract on the pharmacokinetics of sildenafil at low and high daily doses, suggesting co-administration use of Epimedium sagittatum extract and sildenafil in clinical practice should be prevented due to possible herb-drug interactions.
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Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/administración & dosificación , Epimedium/química , Interacciones de Hierba-Droga , Inhibidores de Fosfodiesterasa 5/farmacocinética , Piperazinas/farmacocinética , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Extractos Vegetales/química , Sulfonas/farmacocinética , Administración Oral , Animales , Masculino , Inhibidores de Fosfodiesterasa 5/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores de Fosfodiesterasa 5/química , Piperazinas/administración & dosificación , Piperazinas/química , Purinas/administración & dosificación , Purinas/química , Purinas/farmacocinética , Ratas , Citrato de Sildenafil , Sulfonas/administración & dosificación , Sulfonas/químicaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To test the validity of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) plus transurethral incision (TUI) of bladder neck as an alternative to TUI of the prostate, a nonrandomized and retrospective study was done to review comprehensively the incidence of, severity of, and risk factors for bladder neck contracture (BNC) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent transurethral surgery. METHODS: The evaluation parameters included age, prostate-specific antigen level, urinalysis and uroflowmetry findings, voided volume, presence of vesical stones and urinary retention, surgical type, adenoma weight, and perioperative morbidities. RESULTS: Of the 1470 patients studied, 1135 (77.2%) were eligible for analysis. At a mean follow-up of 37.9 months, 110 patients (9.7%) had developed BNC. The adenoma weight, blood transfusion, and postoperative maximal and mean flow rate in patients with BNC were significantly less than in patients without BNC. The incidence of BNC in the TURP group was greater than that in the TURP plus TUI group (12.3% versus 6%, P = 0.000). BNC was completely prevented using TURP plus TUI if the adenoma weight was greater than 30 g. However, in the TURP group, 4% of patients developed BNC even with an adenoma weight greater than 50 g. Multivariate analyses showed that adenoma weight and surgical type were significant risk factors for BNC. Patients with associated vesical stones were less prone to develop BNC. CONCLUSIONS: TURP plus TUI provides a pathologic diagnosis, and with minimal morbidity, it can be an alternative to TUI of the prostate in selected patients. Personal diathesis may play a role in the pathogenesis of BNC.