RESUMEN
Objective:To analyze the medication rule of treating orthopedics in Tibetan Medicine by data mining, in order to summarize the characteristics and theory of ethnic minorities medicine for treating orthopedics and traumatology.Methods:By collecting the treatment methods of orthopedics and traumatologic diseases in books of Chinese Materia Medica·Tibetan Medicine Volume and Chinese Medical Encyclopedia·Tibetan Medicine to analyze the frequency, cluster and association rules of Tibetan Medicines by using Office Excel 2019, IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 and IBM SPSS modeler 14.1 respectively. Results:Among the 202 Tibetan Medicine prescriptions of Orthopedic Department, 338 belongs to Chinese medicines. The top 3 Chinese medicines that are frequently appeared are Chebulae Fructus, Inula racemosa Hook.f, and Carthami Flos. The properties of those medicines are mainly cold, warm and cool, and the tastes are mainly pungent, bitter and sweet; the meridians mainly belong to liver, lung, stomach and spleen; The priscriptions mainly cover four kinds of diseases: trauma, arthralgia syndrome, lumbosacral tendon injury, chest and back tendon injury. The four kinds of cluster combinations were obtained. The core Chinese medicines were Chebulae Fructus, Terminaliae Belliricae Fructus, Phyllanthi Fructus, Cassiae Semen, Olibanum, Abelmoschus moschatus, and the common medicine pair were Chebulae Fructus- Terminaliae Belliricae Fructus, Abelmoschus moschatus- Cassiae Semen, Olibanum- Abelmoschus moschatus and so on. Conclusions:Tibetan Medicines treat orthopedics and traumatological diseases with antipyretic medicines as the main yellow water, followed by blood activating, Qi regulating and wind dampness removing medicines. With Sanguo Decoction and Sanhuang water of Tibetan medicine as the core, they are often combined with other antipyretic and blood cooling medicines and bone connecting medicines. Tibetan Medicine pays attention to the application of dry yellow water theory, which reflects the role of the core theory of Qingxie method and yellow water theory of Tibetan Medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of orthopedic and traumatologic diseases.
RESUMEN
Objective:To follow up and observe the intellectual development of school children aged 8 to 10 in Baicheng County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, which was a severe iodine deficiency disorders region in history, before and after effective control of the disease, in order to evaluate the impact of iodine supplementation on protection of children's intellectual development and provide a theoretical basis for scientific supplements of iodine.Methods:From 1989 to 2018, Combined Raven's Test for Rural in China (CRT-RC) was used to observe the intellectual development status of 660 Uyghur school children aged 8 to 10 in Baicheng County in 1989, 2002, 2006, 2012 and 2018, respectively. Children's intelligence quotient (IQ) was calculated using CRT-RC's 1987 normal sample of rural children in the same age group; the data of average iodized salt coverage rate (C-IS) and childhood goiter rate (GR) from multiple local surveys and the median urinary iodine (MUIC) of children were collected, combined with the "Criteria for Elimination of Iodine Deficiency Disorders" (GB 16006-2008) and the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) recommended standards, the status of iodine deficiency during children's growth (IDG) was divided into complete exposure to iodine deficiency, no exposure, and semi-exposed. The Flynn effect (FE) gain was calculated using norm samples of children aged 8 to 10 in 1987, 1996 and 2006 of CRT-RC, and the differences in children's intellectual development after FE correction before and after IDG reached the standard were compared.Results:The IQ of children were (81.67 ± 14.13), (83.26 ± 14.05), (89.68 ± 13.58), (98.50 ± 14.33) and (103.23 ± 15.25) points in Baicheng County in 1989, 2002, 2006, 2012 and 2018, respectively, the difference between different years was statistically significant ( F = 58.357, P < 0.01). The three indicators of C-IS, GR, and MUIC didn't meet the standards during the IDG evaluation period in the 1989, 2002, and 2006 groups, which were the complete exposure to iodine deficiency; in the 2012 group, only the MUIC met the standard, which was semi-exposed; in the 2018 group, three indicators all met the standard, which was no exposure. The FE gains of 1987 with 1996, 1996 with 2006 were 0.96 points/year and 0.74 points/year, respectively; after FE correction, the actual gains of IQ of 2002 and 2006 compared with 1989, 2012 and 2018 compared with 2006 were - 9.57, - 6.11, 4.38, and 4.67 points, respectively. Conclusions:In iodine deficiency areas, intermittent iodine supplementation (1989 - 2009) for children exposed to iodine deficiency during growth still cannot effectively protect children's intellectual development; continuous and effective iodine supplementation (2010 - 2018) with iodized salt as the core and covering children's growth period has obvious positive effects on protection of children's normal intellectual development. In the future, we will continue to observe the influence of IDG full-cycle suitable iodine nutrition on children's intellectual development.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Total isoflavones of pueraria (TIP) possesses estradiol-like structures and has inhibition effect on bone loss or osteopenia in ovariectomized rats. However, studies have demonstrated that the prevention and treatment effect of TIP on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats is poor, especially in single utilization. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the combination effect of TIP and vitamin D on the treatment of osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. METHODS: Totally 81 female sprague-drawly (SD) rats of 3-month-old were randomly assigned into 9 groups. Exception those in the sham-surgery group, all rats were prepared for ovariectomized models. Vitamin D or low-, middle- and high-dose TIP or low-, middle- and high-dose TIP combined with vitamin D were intragastric administrated in the vitamin D, TIP or combination groups, respectively. There was no drug medication in the model and sham-surgery groups. The uterus coefficient was calculated at 3 months after medication. The serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium, phosphonium, bone gla protein, estradiol levels, as well as bone mineral density of femur was determined. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the model group, the uterus coefficient and estradiol level was obviously increased in the middle- and high-dose TIP groups and all combination groups (P < 0.05); the ALP and bone gla protein levels significant decreased (P < 0.05); and the bone mineral density of central and distal femur were notably increased (P < 0.05); in particular, the result was more manifest in the high-dose combination group. TIP and vitamin D presented with synergism in uterus coefficient, estradiol, ALP, bone gla protein levels and bone mineral density of distal femur, but the effect was not significant in the calcium and phosphonium levels in the TIP and/or vitamin D groups. The findings demonstrated that Tip combined with vitamin D can induce synergism on prevention and cure of osteporosis in ovariectomized rat.