RESUMEN
Scientific research based on medicinal plants has been highlighted as a complementary treatment to T2DM, stand out the Vochysiaceae family, which have been widely used in folk medicine by traditional South American communities to treat some diseases. Our study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and antiglycation activities of ethanol extracts of leaves (LF) and stem barks (SB) of Vochysiaceae species, evaluated their capacities to inhibit glycoside and lipid hydrolases related to T2DM and molecular identification by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Our main findings indicate that the ethanolic extract of four of eight analyzed plants such as LF and SB of Q. grandiflora, Q. parviflora, V. elliptica and Calisthene major exhibited, respectively, potential of α-amylase inhibition (IC50 of LF: 5.7⯱â¯0.6, 4.1⯱â¯0.5, 5.8⯱â¯0.5, 3.2⯱â¯0.6 and IC50 of SB: 3.3⯱â¯0.7, 6.2⯱â¯2.0, 121.0⯱â¯8.6 and 11.2⯱â¯2.8⯵g/mL), capacities of antioxidant (ORAC of LF: 516.2⯱â¯0.1, 547.6⯱â¯4.9, 544.3⯱â¯6.1, 442.6⯱â¯2.4 and ORAC of SB: 593.6⯱â¯22.3, 497.7⯱â¯0.8, 578⯱â¯12.3, 593.6⯱â¯19.5⯵mol trolox eq/g; FRAP of LF: 796.1⯱â¯0.9, 427.7⯱â¯22.0, 81.0⯱â¯1.9, 685⯱â¯37.9 and FRAP of SB: 947.4⯱â¯24.9, 738.6⯱â¯24.3, 98.8⯱â¯7.9, 970.8⯱â¯13.9⯵mol trolox eq/g; DPPH IC50 of LF: 14.2⯱â¯1.8, 36.3⯱â¯6.9, 11.8⯱â¯1.9, 13.3⯱â¯1.2 and DPPH IC50 of SB: 16.0⯱â¯3.0, 15.5⯱â¯1.9, 126.1⯱â¯23. 6, 5.3⯱â¯0.3⯵g/mL, respectively) and antiglycation (BSA/Frutose IC50 of LF: 43.1⯱â¯3.4, 52.1⯱â¯6.0, 175.5⯱â¯32, 8, 111.8⯱â¯14.7 and BSA/Frutose IC50 of SB:, 40.1⯱â¯11.9, 51.2⯱â¯16. 7, 46.6⯱â¯5.7, 53.5⯱â¯13.6⯵g/mL) and presence of polyphenols, such as flavonoids and condensed tannins. The extracts presented low ability to inhibit α-glycosidase and lipase enzymes in the initial assays, with values below 40% of inhibition. In BSA/methylglyoxal, only Q. grandiflora SB, V. eliptica LF and V. tucanorum LF showed activity (IC50: 655.5⯱â¯208.5, 401.9⯱â¯135.2 and 617.1⯱â¯80.6⯵g/mL, respectively) and only C. major LF and SB, in Arg/methylglyoxal (IC50: 485.1⯱â¯130.8 and 468.0⯱â¯150.5⯵g/ml, respectively). This study presented new findings about the biological and pharmacological potential of some species of Vochysiaceae family, contributing to the understanding of the action and efficacy in use of these plants, in their management of postprandial hyperglycemia and in glycation and oxidative processes that contribute to managing diabetes mellitus.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/química , Productos Finales de Glicación Avanzada/antagonistas & inhibidores , Inhibidores de Glicósido Hidrolasas/química , Hipoglucemiantes/química , Myrtales/química , Fitoquímicos/química , Antioxidantes/aislamiento & purificación , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Pruebas de Enzimas , Inhibidores de Glicósido Hidrolasas/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Hipoglucemiantes/aislamiento & purificación , Lipasa/antagonistas & inhibidores , Fitoquímicos/aislamiento & purificación , Corteza de la Planta/química , Hojas de la Planta/química , alfa-Amilasas/antagonistas & inhibidoresRESUMEN
Este estudo objetivou realizar atividades de extensão em fitoterapia, a partir de um levantamento de dados sobre as plantas medicinais, fitoterápicos e medicamentos convencionais utilizados por 292 idosos frequentadores de um programa de Atividades Físicas e Recreativas para a Terceira Idade (AFRID), na cidade de Uberlândia-MG, utilizando como instrumento de investigação, um questionário semiestruturado. Dentre os entrevistados verificamos que 88% utilizavam medicamentos prescritos, principalmente para o controle da hipertensão. O uso de plantas medicinais foi relatado por 76,7% dos idosos, sendo as mais citadas: Cymbopogon citratus, Mentha sp., Rosmarinus officinalis, Plectranthus barbatus, Ocimum gratissimum, e Matricaria chamomilla. Dezesseis (5,5%) idosos utilizavam fitoterápicos, principalmente preparados a partir de extratos de Ginkgo biloba, Aesculus hippocastanum e Passiflora incarnata em associação com Crataegus oxyacantha e Salix alba. O uso concomitante de plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos com medicamentos convencionais foi relatado por 86,2% e 81,3% dos idosos, respectivamente. Após a análise dos dados percebemos a necessidade do desenvolvimento de ações educativas para informar e conscientizar os idosos sobre o uso da fitoterapia. Elaboramos uma caderneta e uma cartilha para promoção da difusão dessas informações e o aprimoramento do uso da fitoterapia entre os idosos e, dessa forma, alcançar os profissionais de saúde sobre os riscos e benefícios dessa terapêutica; contribuindo assim para o uso seguro e racional da fitoterapia.
This study aimed to carry out extension activities in herbal medicine from a survey of data on medicinal plants, herbal and conventional medicines used by 292 elderly people who attended a program of physical activity called Physical and Recreational Activities for the Elderly, in Uberlândia-MG, using a semi-structured questionnaire as means of investigation. Among the respondents 88% used prescription drugs, primarily for control of hypertension. The use of medicinal plants was reported by 76.7% of the elderly, being the most cited ones: Cymbopogon citratus, Mentha sp., Rosmarinus officinalis, Plectranthus barbatus, Ocimum gratissimum. and Matricaria chamomilla. Sixteen respondents (5,5%) used herbal medicines, especially those prepared from extracts of Ginkgo biloba, Aesculus hippocastanum, and Passiflora incarnata L. in association with Crataegus oxyacantha L. and Salix alba. The concomitant use of medicinal plants and herbal medicines with conventional drugs was reported by 86.2% and 81.3% of participants, respectively. After analyzing the data, we detected the need to develop educational activities to inform and educate seniors about the use of herbal medicine, encompassing the development a book and a primer for initial dissemination of this information, improving herbal medicine use among the elderly. This course of action would allow a greater knowledge of health professionals about the risks and benefits of this therapy, thereby contributing to the safe and rational use of herbal medicine.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Plantas Medicinales/efectos adversos , Anciano/estadística & datos numéricos , Medicamento Fitoterápico , Fitoterapia/efectos adversos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Interacciones FarmacológicasRESUMEN
Several plant species from the Cerrado biome in Brazil are popularly used as herbal medicines for its reputed analgesic, anti-acid, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumoral properties, among others. It has been reported that some plant extracts interfere in the production of nitric oxide (NO), an important inflammatory mediator. In the present study, we investigated the effect of hexanic and ethanolic extracts from three plant species on NO production by LPS/IFN-gamma-activated J774 macrophages based on traditional use. The cytotoxic effect of the crude extracts was determined by the thiazolyl blue test (MTT) to measure cell viability. Serjania lethalis stem extracts and Cupania vernalis leaf extracts significantly inhibited NO production, while extracts from Casearia sylvestris var. lingua were inactive or showed low activity on NO production, or were very cytotoxic. The ethanolic stem bark and leaf extracts of Serjania lethalis and Cupania vernalis, respectively, almost completely inhibited the production of NO by J774 macrophages. It can be concluded that the selected extracts are potential sources of active compounds that might be used as anti-inflammatory agents.