[Enteral nutrition in the treatment of acute pancreatitis]. / Enteral'noe pitanie v lechenii ostrogo pankreatita.

The review presents literature data on enteral nutrition in the treatment of acute pancreatitis. The authors provide pathophysiological substantiations of the need for nutritional support in patients with various forms of acute pancreatitis and basic principles of enteral nutrition in this disease. The results of numerous studies evaluating the outcomes of enteral nutrition are presented. These data indicate advisability of early enteral nutrition in acute pancreatitis because this approach reduces systemic inflammatory response, risk of bacterial translocation and purulent-septic complications, improves treatment outcomes.

Atomically precise semiconductor--graphene and hBN interfaces by Ge intercalation.

The full exploration of the potential, which graphene offers to nanoelectronics requires its integration into semiconductor technology. So far the real-world applications are limited by the ability to concomitantly achieve large single-crystalline domains on dielectrics and semiconductors and to tailor the interfaces between them. Here we show a new direct bottom-up method for the fabrication of high-quality atomically precise interfaces between 2D materials, like graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), and classical semiconductor via Ge intercalation. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and complementary DFT modelling we observed for the first time that epitaxially grown graphene with the Ge monolayer underneath demonstrates Dirac Fermions unaffected by the substrate as well as an unperturbed electronic band structure of hBN. This approach provides the intrinsic relativistic 2D electron gas towards integration in semiconductor technology. Hence, these new interfaces are a promising path for the integration of graphene and hBN into state-of-the-art semiconductor technology.

[Hepatoprotective effect of Hypecoum erectum extract on experimental D-galactosamine-induced damage of rat liver].

Hepatoprotective properties of the extract derived from the herbs of Hypecoum erectum L. have been studied on a model of D-galactosamine-induced hepatitis in rats. It is established that Hypecoum erectum extract in a dose of 50 mg/kg diminishes the development of cytolysis and cholestasis syndromes, as manifested by maximum decrease in the following indices after 7 days of the experiment: ALT activity by 26%; AST activity by 44%; alkaline phosphatase activity by 30%; ß-lipoproteins by 21%; and bilirubin by 29% (p < 0.05). The Hypecoum erectum extract (i) increases the energy potential of hepatocytes, manifested by increasing the ATP content by 70% (p = 0.001) and normalizing the ratio of lactate and pyruvate in the liver homogenate; (ii) inhibits lipid peroxidation, manifested by decreasing the content of malonic dialdehyde in the liver homogenate and diene conjugates in the blood serum on the average by 30% (p < 0.05); (iii) activates the antioxidant system of the organism, increasing the catalase activity in liver homogenates by 58% (p < 0.05) and 11% and the content of reduced glutathione in the blood by 56% (p < 0.05) and 36% (p < 0.05), respectively, on the 3rd and 7th days of the experiment.

[The choleretic and hepatoprotective effect of Hypecoum erectum extract].

The choleretic and hepatoprotective effect of Hypecoum erectum L. dry extract on toxic hepatitis was studied. Experimental hepatitis was caused by the introduction of D-galactosamine to Wistar white rats in the dose of 500 mg/kg of the animal weight once a day for 3 days. The H. erectum extract was administered per os in the dose of 50 mg/kg for 7 days. It has been established that H. erectum extract has a marked hepatoprotective effect in the case of D-galactosamine hepatitis in white rats that is characterized by inhibition of the disturbances in cholate-synthetic functions of the liver, increase of bile secretion rate, preservation of cholate concentration in the bile. The tested remedy diminishes dystrophic and necrotic processes, decreases the intensity of inflammatory infiltration in the liver and stimulates regeneration of liver cells in D-galactosamine hepatitis.

[Effect of Hypecoum erectum extract on morphofunctional state of the liver in rats with tetracycline-associated hepatitis].

The effect of Hypecoum erectum L. extract on the morphofunctional condition of the liver in rats with experimental tetracycline-associated hepatitis was studied. The experiment included 40 albino rats Wistar. The animals treated with tetracycline hydrochloride (1.0 g/kg body weight) were exposed to the extract in a dose of 50 mg/kg for 5 days. On the 7th day of the experiment the following indices were determined: malonic dialdehyde concentration, catalase activity, the levels of ATP, pyruvate and lactate in the liver homogenate, as well as the blood levels of reduced glutathione. The liver pathomorphological investigation was applied. The H. erectum extract was shown to inhibit lipid peroxidation, to increase the activity of the host endogenous antioxidant system, to normalize the hepatocyte energy provision and to limit the liver degeneration.

[Effect of Leptopyrum fumarioides (Ranunculaceae) extract on choleresis in white rats with toxic hepatitis].

It was established pharmacotherapeutic efficiency of Leptopyrum fumarioides (L.) Reichenb. dry on the toxic hepatitis model. The Leptopyrum fumarioides extract was shown expressed caused of inhibiting of cholerforming and choleretic function of liver and their destructive changes.

[The prevention of vibration disease]. / K voprosu o profilaktike vibratsionnoi bolezni.

Probable cooling of hands must be taken into account in setting up the prophylaxis of pathology due to the local vibration. Warm air pumped into the manual pneumatic devices can eliminate the cooling of operators' hands. The same effect is gained by the physiotherapeutic procedure--the warming and micromassage of hands by the dry air.

[Physiological and hygienic evaluation of combined effects of vibration, noise and dynamic physical load in tea plant-picking machine operators]. / Fiziologo-gigienicheskaia otsenka sochetannogo vozdeistviia vibratsii,shuma i dynamicheskoi nagruzki pri ispol'zovanii chaesborochnoi mashiny.

The article deals with complex influences of local vibration, noise and physical overload in ACHR-330 tea-plucking machine operators. 3 sets of experiments included measurements of the vibration and noise levels caused by the machine, and involved 5 volunteers twice in each set of the experiments. The physiological study results confirmed the fact that the occupational conditions caused considerable shifts in vibration sensitivity and markedly influenced the peripheral vessels. Through a set of regression equations it was proved that local vibration and noise were mostly responsible for the functional shifts.