Tea polyphenols coated sodium alginate-gelatin 3D edible scaffold for cultured meat.

This study aimed to use edible scaffolds as a platform for animal stem cell expansion, thus constructing block-shaped cell culture meat. The tea polyphenols (TP)-coated 3D scaffolds were constructed of sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (Gel) with good biocompatibility and mechanical support. Initially, the physicochemical properties and mechanical properties of SA-Gel-TP scaffolds were measured, and the biocompatibility of the scaffolds was evaluated by C2C12 cells. SEM results showed that the scaffold had a porous laminar structure with TP particles attached to the surface, while FT-IR results also demonstrated the encapsulation of TP coating on the scaffold. In addition, the porosity of all scaffolds was higher than 40% and the degradation rate during the incubation cycle was less than 40% and the S2-G1-TP0.1-3 h scaffold has excellent cell adhesion and extension. Subsequently, we inoculated rabbit skeletal muscle myoblasts (RbSkMC) on the scaffold and induced differentiation. The results showed good adhesion and extension behavior of RbSkMC on S2-G1-TP0.1-3 h scaffolds with high expression of myogenic differentiation proteins and genes, and SEM results confirmed the formation of myotubes. Additionally, the adhesion rate of cells on scaffolds with TP coating was 1.5 times higher than that on scaffolds without coating, which significantly improved the cell proliferation rate and the morphology of cells with extension on the scaffolds. Furthermore, rabbit-derived cultured meat had similar appearance and textural characteristics to fresh meat. These conclusions indicate the high potential of the scaffolds with TP coating as a platform for the production of cultured meat products.

Active biodegradable films based on the whole potato peel incorporated with bacterial cellulose and curcumin.

Development of biodegradable food packaging using biomass based materials derived from agricultural wastes has been a trend in recent years. The biopolymer films were prepared using 3% and 5% (w/w) potato peel (PP) powder. Bacterial cellulose (BC) (0, 5, 10 and 15% based on PP powder) was added as a reinforcement agent. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that 10% BC had a promising compatibility with the PP matrix. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the crystallinity and the thermal stability of films did not change with BC addition. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated the hydrogen bonding interactions between the PP matrix and BC in the films. BC addition significantly improved the tensile strength (TS), but reduced their water vapor permeability (WVP), oxygen permeability (OP) and moisture content (MC) of the PP films. Addition of curcumin further increased the antioxidant properties of the PP films. The PP films with 1-5% curcumin significantly reduced lipid oxidation in the fresh pork during storage with lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content.

Development and characterization of bacterial cellulose reinforced biocomposite films based on protein from buckwheat distiller's dried grains.

Biocomposite films were manufactured by combining protein extracted from buckwheat distiller's dried grains with bacterial cellulose (BC). The film microstructures showed that BC is compatible with protein matrix and endows the film with high rigidity. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that BC can promote thermal stability of the composite films. BC promoted the transition from a Newtonian to a non-Newtonian fluid and the shear thinning behavior of protein-BC solution. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed the main functional groups' absorption peaks shifted to lower wavenumbers. Results of both FTIR and viscosity analysis proved the formation of intermolecular interactions through hydrogen bonds. These bonds affected film characteristics such as moisture content (MC), water solubility (WS), and water vapor permeability (WVP), which decreased with addition of BC. The WVP (6.68±0.78-5.95±0.54×10-10gm/Pasm2) of the films were lower than other protein films. Tensile strength (TS) values of films containing 1.8% and 2.0% BC (14.98±0.97 and 15.03±2.04MPa) were significantly higher than that of pure protein films (4.26±0.66MPa). Combination of proteins extracted from a waste product and BC led to composite films with low water vapor permeability and excellent mechanical properties.