RESUMEN
Irisin is a myokine/adipokine with potential role in obesity and diabetes. The objectives of the present study were to analyse the relationship between irisin and glucose metabolism at baseline and during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and to determine the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and/or alpha-lipoic acid treatment on irisin production in cultured human adipocytes and in vivo in healthy overweight/obese women following a weight loss program. Seventy-three overweight/obese women followed a 30 % energy-restricted diet supplemented without (control) or with EPA (1.3 g/day), alpha-lipoic acid (0.3 g/day) or both EPA + alpha-lipoic acid (1.3 + 0.3 g/day) during 10 weeks. An OGTT was performed at baseline. Moreover, human adipocytes were treated with EPA (100200 μM) or alpha-lipoic acid (100250 μM) during 24 h. At baseline plasma, irisin circulating levels were positively associated with glucose levels; however, serum irisin concentrations were not affected by the increment in blood glucose or insulin during the OGTT. Treatment with alpha-lipoic acid (250 μM) upregulated Fndc5 messenger RNA (mRNA) and irisin secretion in cultured adipocytes. In overweight/obese women, irisin circulating levels decreased significantly after weight loss in all groups, while no additional differences were induced by EPA or alpha-lipoic acid supplementation. Moreover, plasma irisin levels were positively associated with higher glucose concentrations at beginning and at endpoint of the study. The data from the OGTT suggest that glucose is not a direct contributing factor of irisin release. The higher irisin levels observed in overweight/obese conditions could be a protective response of organism to early glucose impairments
Asunto(s)
Femenino , Humanos , Trastornos del Metabolismo de la Glucosa/fisiopatología , Obesidad/fisiopatología , Sobrepeso/fisiopatología , Ácido Eicosapentaenoico/farmacocinética , Ácido Tióctico/farmacocinética , Miosinas/farmacocinética , Adipoquinas/farmacocinéticaRESUMEN
Irisin is a myokine/adipokine with potential role in obesity and diabetes. The objectives of the present study were to analyse the relationship between irisin and glucose metabolism at baseline and during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and to determine the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and/or α-lipoic acid treatment on irisin production in cultured human adipocytes and in vivo in healthy overweight/obese women following a weight loss program. Seventy-three overweight/obese women followed a 30% energy-restricted diet supplemented without (control) or with EPA (1.3 g/day), α-lipoic acid (0.3 g/day) or both EPA + α-lipoic acid (1.3 + 0.3 g/day) during 10 weeks. An OGTT was performed at baseline. Moreover, human adipocytes were treated with EPA (100-200 µM) or α-lipoic acid (100-250 µM) during 24 h. At baseline plasma, irisin circulating levels were positively associated with glucose levels; however, serum irisin concentrations were not affected by the increment in blood glucose or insulin during the OGTT. Treatment with α-lipoic acid (250 µM) upregulated Fndc5 messenger RNA (mRNA) and irisin secretion in cultured adipocytes. In overweight/obese women, irisin circulating levels decreased significantly after weight loss in all groups, while no additional differences were induced by EPA or α-lipoic acid supplementation. Moreover, plasma irisin levels were positively associated with higher glucose concentrations at beginning and at endpoint of the study. The data from the OGTT suggest that glucose is not a direct contributing factor of irisin release. The higher irisin levels observed in overweight/obese conditions could be a protective response of organism to early glucose impairments.
Asunto(s)
Ácido Eicosapentaenoico/administración & dosificación , Fibronectinas/sangre , Glucosa/metabolismo , Obesidad/sangre , Ácido Tióctico/administración & dosificación , Adipocitos Blancos/efectos de los fármacos , Adipocitos Blancos/metabolismo , Adulto , Glucemia , Restricción Calórica , Células Cultivadas , Método Doble Ciego , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/dietoterapia , Grasa Subcutánea/patología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Pérdida de Peso , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Several studies have suggested that oxidative stress might cause and aggravate the inflammatory state associated with obesity and could be the link between excessive weight gain and its related disorders such as insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases. Thus, antioxidant treatment has been proposed as a therapy to prevent and manage obesity and associated complications. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of supplementation of a standard or high fat diet with the antioxidant lipoic acid (LA) during 56 days, on body weight gain, adiposity, feed efficiency and intestinal sugar absorption, in male Wistar rats. LA supplementation induced a lower body weight gain and adipose tissue size in both control or high fat fed rats accompanied by a reduction in food intake. The group fed on a high fat diet and treated with LA (OLIP group) showed a lower body weight gain than its corresponding Pair-Fed (PF) group (P < 0.05), which received the same amount of food than LA-treated animals but with no LA. In fact, LA induced a reduction on feed efficiency and also significantly decreased intestinal alpha-methylglucoside (alpha-MG) absorption both in lean and obese rats. These results suggest that the beneficial effects of dietary supplementation with LA on body weight gain are mediated, at least in part, by the reduction observed in food intake and feed efficiency. Furthemore, the inhibitory action of LA on intestinal sugar transport could explain in part the lower feed efficiency observed in LA-treated animals and therefore, highlighting the beneficial effects of LA on obesity.
Asunto(s)
Metabolismo de los Hidratos de Carbono/efectos de los fármacos , Grasas de la Dieta/farmacología , Absorción Intestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Ácido Tióctico/farmacología , Aumento de Peso/efectos de los fármacos , Tejido Adiposo/efectos de los fármacos , Tejido Adiposo/metabolismo , Animales , Ingestión de Alimentos , Masculino , Tamaño de los Órganos , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
Several studies have suggested that oxidative stress might cause and aggravate theinflammatory state associated with obesity and could be the link between excessiveweight gain and its related disorders such as insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases.Thus, antioxidant treatment has been proposed as a therapy to prevent andmanage obesity and associated complications. Therefore, the aim of the present studywas to investigate the effects of supplementation of a standard or high fat diet withthe antioxidant lipoic acid (LA) during 56 days, on body weight gain, adiposity, feedefficiency and intestinal sugar absorption, in male Wistar rats. LA supplementationinduced a lower body weight gain and adipose tissue size in both control or high fatfed rats accompanied by a reduction in food intake. The group fed on a high fat dietand treated with LA (OLIP group) showed a lower body weight gain than its correspondingPair-Fed (PF) group (P<0.05), which received the same amount of foodthan LA-treated animals but with no LA. In fact, LA induced a reduction on feedefficiency and also significantly decreased intestinal α-methylglucoside (α-MG)absorption both in lean and obese rats. These results suggest that the beneficial effectsof dietary supplementation with LA on body weight gain are mediated, at least inpart, by the reduction observed in food intake and feed efficiency. Furthemore, theinhibitory action of LA on intestinal sugar transport could explain in part the lowerfeed efficiency observed in LA-treated animals and therefore, highlighting the beneficialeffects of LA on obesity(AU)
Varios estudios han sugerido que el estresoxidativo podria actuar como desencadenantey agravante del estado inflamatorio asociado ala obesidad y podria ser un potencial nexo deunion entre la excesiva ganancia de peso y lasco-morbilidades asociadas. Asi, se ha propuestoel tratamiento con antioxidantes naturalescomo posible terapia contra el desarrollo deobesidad asi como sus complicaciones asociadas.Por ello, el objeto del presente trabajo fueinvestigar en ratas Wistar macho los efectos dela suplementacion de una dieta estandar o altaen grasa con un antioxidante, el acido lipoico(AL) (0,25g/ 100g de comida) durante 56 diassobre la ganancia de peso corporal, la adiposidad,la eficiencia metabolica y la absorcionintestinal de azucares. La suplementacion de ladieta con AL indujo una menor ganancia depeso corporal y redujo el tamano del tejidoadiposo blanco total, tanto en ratas alimentadascon dieta control como alta en grasa. Ademas,disminuyo la ingesta. La ganancia de pesoen el grupo alimentado con dieta alta en grasay AL fue menor que la de su correspondientegrupo Pair-Fed (P<0,05), el cual recibia lamisma cantidad de comida que los animalestratados con AL pero sin este acido. De hecho,la suplementacion con acido lipoico redujo laeficiencia metabolica y disminuyo significativamentela absorcion intestinal de ƒ¿-metilglucosido(ƒ¿-MG) tanto en ratas control comoobesas. Estos resultados sugieren que los efectosbeneficiosos de la suplementacion de ladieta con AL sobre la ganancia de peso corporalestan mediados, al menos en parte, por lareduccion observada en la ingesta de comida yen la eficiencia metabolica. Ademas, la accioninhibitoria del AL sobre el transporte intestinalde azucares podria explicar, en parte, la menoreficiencia metabolica observada en los animalestratados con AL justificando, por consiguiente,los efectos beneficiosos del AL sobre la obesidad(AU)