Experiências e percepções sobre o HIV e sua influência na adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral em utentes policiais atendidos no centro de saúde do bairro de fomento província de Maputo em 2010 / Experiences and perceptions about HIV and its influence on adherence to antiretroviral treatment in police officers served at the health center in bairro de fomento province of Maputo in 2010

A polícia é uma força de defesa e segurança da soberania nacional susceptível as infecções por HIV. Sendo assim, a presente dissertação intutulada, "Experiências e percepções sobre a adesão ao tratamento antiretroviral em utentes do centro de saúde da polícia do bairro do fomento, na província de Maputo", tem como objectivo analisar as experiências e percepções que influenciam na adesão ao tratamento antiretroviral. As literaturas mostram que são poucos estudos relacionados com o tema abordado nesta pesquisa publicados no País. Material e Métodos: Trata de um estudo qualitativo do tipo fenomenológico com a participação de 20 utentes polícias doentes e em TARV, atendidos no Centro de Saúde da Polícia, onde se administrou uma entrevista como instrumento de recolha de dados. Resultados: Em relação as experiências e percepções acerca da adesão ao TARV, os participantes afirmam que aderiram para terem mais tempo de vida de modo a cumprirem com as suas obrigações familiares e projectos de vida, pelo facto de serem provedores da família, isso aliado ao apoio em alimentação, suplementos nutricionais que o Ministério do Interior tem garantido aos polícias. Conclusão: O estudo permitiu concluir que finalmente as experiências e percepções dos polícias no contexto da adesão ao TARV estavam rodeadas de mitos, crenças, sentimentos de culpa, negação e medo de revelarem à família o seu estado de saúde.

The police are a defense force of national sovereignty that is susceptible to HIV infection due to the nature and work environment in which it is exposed, characterized by constant mobility. Thus, the present dissertation titled: Experiences and perceptions about adherence to antiretroviral treatment, in users of the Fomento Neighborhood Police Health Center. From the literatures made, show that few studies have been done and exist in the country related to the topic addressed in this research. Material and Methods: This was a qualitative study of the phenomenological type with the participation of 20 police officer's patient who are on antiretroviral treatment (TARV), attend at the Fomento Neighborhood Police Health Center, where the interview was administered as a data collection instrument. Results: Regarding the experiences and perceptions about antiretroviral treatment (TARV) adherence, the participants stated that they adhered to have longer life to fulfill their family obligations and life projects, because they are family providers. And together with the support in food and nutritional supplement that the Ministry of the Interior has provided to them increases self-esteem of the police in treatment, they feel valued by the consideration that is given. Conclusion: The study allowed to conclude that the experiences and perceptions of police officers in the context of adherence to antiretroviral treatment (TARV) were surrounded by myths, beliefs, feelings of guilt, denial and fear of revealing their health status to the family.

Antimicrobial, cytotoxicity and preliminary phytochemical determination of commonly used medicinal plants to treat oral cavity, urinary tract and gut infections by inhabitants of Borabu sub-county, Nyamira County, Kenya

Aims@#The study aimed at determining the antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicity properties of medicinal plants collected from southwestern Kenya. @*Methods and results@#A total of 23 ethanol extracts of selected medicinal plants were bio-assayed against Gramnegative bacterial strains (Escherichia coli NU14, Helicobacter pylori ATCC 700824, and Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277). Cytotoxicity tests were also carried out on mammalian cell lines (AGS, KB, and TR146). Preliminary type of phytochemical compounds present in the extracts was determined by thin-layer chromatography. Cassia didymobotrya plant extract (1 mg/mL) had strong antimicrobial activity against P. gingivalis (average zone of inhibition of 21.70 ± 0.88 mm, MIC 0.13 ± 0.00 mg/mL and MBC 0.50 ± 0.00 mg/mL). Escherichia coli was resistant to all the extracts bioassayed. Leonotis nepetifolia (15.80 ± 0.20 mm) and Clerodendrum myriacoides (14.20 ± 0.44 mm) showed only moderate activity against H. pylori. Cell cytotoxicity results indicated a dose-dependent response against KB, TR146 and AGS cell lines with C. didymobotrya having IC50 values of 47.64 and 704.00 µg/mL on KB and TR146 cell lines, respectively. L. nepetifolia and C. myriacoides did produce IC50 of 0.1883 mg/mL and 0.1061 mg/mL against the AGS cell line respectively. @*Conclusion, significance and impact of the study@#Most of the extracts had no or weak activity against test isolates, but C. didymobotrya leaves extracts showed strong activity against P. gingivalis. C. didymobotrya can offer alternative medicare to P. gingivalis conditions.

Factors associated with intolerance after refeeding in mild acute pancreatitis.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to describe the mode of refeeding, frequency of intolerance, and related factors in mild acute pancreatitis (AP). METHODS: We included all cases of mild AP between January 2007 and December 2009 in an observational, descriptive, and retrospective study. We analyzed demographic and etiological data, admission variables, treatment, refeeding mode, intolerance frequency, and treatment. Intolerance-related variables were determined using a Cox regression. RESULTS: Two-hundred thirty-two patients were included (median age, 74.3 years, bedside index for severity in AP score, 1). Oral diet was reintroduced at 3 days (range, 0-11 days) in 90.9% of cases with a liquid diet. Intolerance to refeeding appeared in 28 patients (12.1%) at a median time of 1 day (range, 0-14 days). Oral diet was reduced or suspended in 71.4%; analgesic and antiemetic drugs were required in 64% and 35.7% of patients, respectively. The variables independently associated with intolerance to refeeding were choledocholithiasis (hazard ratio [HR], 12.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.98-51.19; P = 0.001), fasting time (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.09-1.63; P = 0.005), refeeding with complete diet (HR, 4.93; 95% CI, 1.66-14.66; P = 0.04), length of symptoms before admission (HR, 1.004; 95% CI, 1.001-1.006; P = 0.012), and metamizole dose (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.02-1.21; P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS: Intolerance to refeeding is an infrequent event. We have identified several factors independently associated with intolerance.

Earliest known use of marine resources by Neanderthals.

Numerous studies along the northern Mediterranean borderland have documented the use of shellfish by Neanderthals but none of these finds are prior to Marine Isotopic Stage 3 (MIS 3). In this paper we present evidence that gathering and consumption of mollusks can now be traced back to the lowest level of the archaeological sequence at Bajondillo Cave (Málaga, Spain), dated during the MIS 6. The paper describes the taxonomical and taphonomical features of the mollusk assemblages from this level Bj(19) and briefly touches upon those retrieved in levels Bj(18) (MIS 5) and Bj(17) (MIS 4), evidencing a continuity of the shellfishing activity that reaches to MIS 3. This evidence is substantiated on 29 datings through radiocarbon, thermoluminescence and U series methods. Obtained dates and paleoenvironmental records from the cave include isotopic, pollen, lithostratigraphic and sedimentological analyses and they are fully coherent with paleoclimate conditions expected for the different stages. We conclude that described use of shellfish resources by Neanderthals (H. neanderthalensis) in Southern Spain started ∼150 ka and were almost contemporaneous to Pinnacle Point (South Africa), when shellfishing is first documented in archaic modern humans.

Catarse de integraçäo na teoria moreniana

Com base nas noçöes aristotélicas de catarse dramática e em conceitos místicos das grandes religiöes orientais, jacob Levy Moreno elabora seu conceito de catarse psicodramática como parte do processo terapêutico através do Psicodrama