RESUMEN
Androgenic alopecia (AGA) has a high incidence. Excess dihydrotestosterone in blood capillaries, which is converted from testosterone by 5α-reductase, is an AGA causative factor. We identified the inhibitory activity of four Polygonum multiflorum compounds against 5α-reductase via high-performance liquid chromatography, and the results showed that Physcion was a potent 5α-reductase inhibitor. Additionally, we found that through inhibiting 5α-reductase expression, Physcion could shorten the time of dorsal skin darkening and hair growth, improve hair follicle morphology, and significantly increase hair follicle count. Eventually, through molecular docking study, we found the binding energy and molecular interactions between Physcion and 5α-reductase type II. These results suggested that Physcion is a potent 5α-reductase inhibitor, as well as a new natural medicine for treating AGA.
Asunto(s)
Inhibidores de 5-alfa-Reductasa/farmacología , Alopecia/tratamiento farmacológico , Emodina/análogos & derivados , Folículo Piloso/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Inhibidores de 5-alfa-Reductasa/química , Animales , Emodina/química , Emodina/farmacología , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Estructura Molecular , Extractos Vegetales/química , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-DawleyRESUMEN
Dan-zhi-xiao-yao-san is a Traditional Chinese Medicinal formulation widely used for the treatment of neuropsychological disorders. The present study examined the anxiolytic and neuroprotective effects of Dan-zhi-xiao-yao-san in a rat model of chronic stress. The results of an elevated plus maze test showed that Danzhixiaoyaosan significantly attenuated the levels of anxiety-induced stress as evidenced by increases in the time spent in the open arm region, as well as the percentage of entries into this area. In addition, Dan-zhi-xiao-yao-san alleviated stressinduced neuronal death, as indicated by histological examination. Furthermore, mechanistic studies suggested that the anxiolytic and neuroprotective effects of Dan-zhi-xiao-yao-san may be mediated via attenuation of chronic stressinduced upregulation of αsynuclein and corticosterone, and downregulation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) in the hippocampal region of the brain at the mRNA and protein level. In addition, Danzhixiaoyaosan decreased the serum levels of stressinduced corticosterone in the model animals. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that Danzhixiaoyaosan exerted anxiolytic and neuroprotective effects in a rat model of chronic stress via attenuation of stressinduced upregulation of αsynuclein and corticosterone, and downregulation of PP2A in the hippocampus.
Asunto(s)
Ansiolíticos/farmacología , Ansiedad/psicología , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/farmacología , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Estrés Fisiológico/efectos de los fármacos , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Animales , Ansiedad/tratamiento farmacológico , Conducta Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Encéfalo/patología , Enfermedad Crónica , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Femenino , Inmunohistoquímica , Aprendizaje por Laberinto/efectos de los fármacos , Proteína Fosfatasa 2/metabolismo , Ratas , Estrés Psicológico/tratamiento farmacológico , alfa-Sinucleína/metabolismoRESUMEN
This study attempted to explore the effects of white pepper and its major component piperine on puerarin administered to rats. Pharmacokinetic parameters of puerarin in rats were determined by oral administration (400 mg/kg) or intravenous injection (40 mg/kg) of puerarin, pretreated with or without white pepper and piperine given orally. Compared to the control group given oral puerarin only, the combined use of piperine (10 or 20 mg/kg) increased the C max of puerarin by 1.30-fold or 1.64-fold and the AUC0-∞ by 133% or 157%, respectively. In contrast, coadministration of white pepper (125 or 250 mg/kg) decreased oral absorption of puerarin to 83% or 74%, respectively. On the other hand, pretreatment with piperine orally did not alter the intravenous pharmacokinetics of puerarin, while the AUC of puerarin after intravenous administration was increased by pretreatment with white pepper. The results indicate that pretreatment with piperine or pepper exerts different effects on pharmacokinetics of puerarin administrated via intragastric and intravenous routes. Therefore, it is suggested that the combined application of piperine or white pepper with puerarin should be carefully monitored for potential diet-drug interactions.