RESUMEN
This study explored the effect of 70-mT magnetic field on wastewater treatment capacity for activated sludge in long-term laboratory-scale experiments. Metagenomic sequencing were conducted based on Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform after DNA extraction of the activated sludge. Then the effect of the magnetic field on the microbial unigene and metabolic pathways in activated sludge was investigated. As a result, higher pollutant removal was observed at 70 mT, with which the elimination of total nitrogen (TN) was the most effective. Functional genes annotated based on eggNOG database showed that unigenes related to information storage and processing were enhanced by the magnetic field. For CAZy classification, category such as glycosyl transferases was more abundant in the reactor with magnetic field, which has been shown to promote the entire energy supply pathway. Additionally, in the KEGG categories, unigenes related to signaling molecules and interaction were significantly inhibited. Through the enrichment analysis of the nitrogen metabolism pathway, the magnetic field inhibited anabolic nitrate reduction by significantly inhibiting enzymes such as [EC:1.7.7.2], [EC:1.7.7.1], [EC:3.5.5.1], [EC:1.4.1.2] and [EC:4.2.1.1], which are related to the improvement of the denitrification ability. This study can provide insight for future research on the response mechanism of activated sludge to magnetic fields.
Asunto(s)
Bacterias/metabolismo , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Genes Microbianos , Campos Magnéticos , Metagenoma , Aguas del Alcantarillado/microbiología , Aguas Residuales/microbiología , Bacterias/genética , Bacterias/aislamiento & purificación , Técnicas Bacteriológicas/instrumentación , Técnicas Bacteriológicas/métodos , Análisis de la Demanda Biológica de Oxígeno , ADN Bacteriano/aislamiento & purificación , Ontología de Genes , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento , Anotación de Secuencia Molecular , Nitrógeno/metabolismo , Fósforo/metabolismo , Aguas del Alcantarillado/química , TemperaturaRESUMEN
Livestock and poultry manure containing high levels of copper and zinc have led to contamination of farmland and products which could have an impact on human health. Biochar is an inexpensive and efficient heavy metal absorbent. In the present study, we have used biochar to mitigate the effects of heavy metals on the growth of wheat seedlings. The study showed that the effects of heavy metals on wheat seedlings growth were mitigated by increasing exposure to biochar. Compared to the control group, the germination potential, germination rate, germination index and vigor index of wheat seedlings with supplemented biochar increased significantly. Moreover, the specific activity of catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase decreased and chlorophyll contents increased, which promote wheat growth and suggests that the addition of biochar could reduce the effects of heavy metals on wheat seedlings.