Asunto(s)
Productos Biológicos/aislamiento & purificación , Productos Biológicos/farmacología , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/aislamiento & purificación , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Quinonas/aislamiento & purificación , Quinonas/farmacología , Sumoilación/efectos de los fármacos , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Estructura MolecularRESUMEN
Placenta accreta which occurs as a complication of total placenta previa is comparatively rare. And the diagnosis of placenta accreta before the caesarean section (C-section) is difficult. We experienced an extremely difficult anesthesia management of placenta accrete because of critical hemorrhage during C-section. We used self-blood collection device Cell Saver5+ (Haemonetics Japan Ltd, Tokyo) for the massive bleeding of 25,500 ml. The Cell Saver could be used to treat life threatening bleeding in C-section without any side effects, although it is thought that the use of the self-blood collection device during C-section had the danger of the amniotic fluid embolism and fetal red cell ontamination. It is necessary to consider using the Cell Saver in the obstetrical operation for life-saving medical treatment in response to unexpected massive bleeding.
Asunto(s)
Anestesia Obstétrica , Anestesia Raquidea , Pérdida de Sangre Quirúrgica , Transfusión de Sangre Autóloga/instrumentación , Cesárea , Placenta Accreta , Adulto , Transfusión de Sangre Autóloga/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , EmbarazoRESUMEN
Protein modification by small ubiquitin-related modifier proteins (SUMOs) controls diverse cellular functions. Dysregulation of SUMOylation or deSUMOylation processes has been implicated in the development of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. However, no small-molecule inhibiting protein SUMOylation has been reported so far. Here, we report inhibition of SUMOylation by ginkgolic acid and its analog, anacardic acid. Ginkgolic acid and anacardic acid inhibit protein SUMOylation both in vitro and in vivo without affecting in vivo ubiquitination. Binding assays with a fluorescently labeled probe showed that ginkgolic acid directly binds E1 and inhibits the formation of the E1-SUMO intermediate. These studies will provide not only a useful tool for investigating the roles of SUMO conjugations in a variety of pathways in cells, but also a basis for the development of drugs targeted against diseases involving aberrant SUMOylation.
Asunto(s)
Ácidos Anacárdicos/metabolismo , Ginkgo biloba/metabolismo , Salicilatos/metabolismo , Proteínas Modificadoras Pequeñas Relacionadas con Ubiquitina/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas Modificadoras Pequeñas Relacionadas con Ubiquitina/metabolismo , Ácidos Anacárdicos/química , Ginkgo biloba/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/metabolismo , Hojas de la Planta/química , Hojas de la Planta/metabolismo , Unión Proteica , Salicilatos/química , Bibliotecas de Moléculas Pequeñas , Proteínas Modificadoras Pequeñas Relacionadas con Ubiquitina/química , Relación Estructura-Actividad , UbiquitinaciónRESUMEN
Organic substances were extracted from the calcified exoskeleton of the reef coral Galaxea fascicularis. In an SDS-PAGE analysis of the extract, a protein with an apparent molecular mass of 53 kDa was detected as well as two other weaker bands. A Ca2+ overlay analysis failed to find a Ca2+-binding protein in the extract. Periodic acid Schiff staining indicated that the 53 kDa protein was glycosylated. A cDNA containing the entire open reading frame for this protein was obtained. Analysis of the deduced protein sequence suggests that the protein, named galaxin, is synthesized as a precursor consisting of a signal peptide, a propeptide sequence, and a mature protein of 298 amino acids. Galaxin exhibits a novel amino acid sequence which is characterized by a tandem repeat structure. Galaxin transcripts were detected in the adult coral, but not in planktonic larvae.