RESUMEN
Four novel strains of a member of the genus Paracholeplasma (OakleyT, Holly, Lorelei and Ariel) were isolated from skin of Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris). These strains were phenotypically and genetically characterized and compared with the known species of the genera Acholeplasma (A.), Alteracholeplasma (Al.), Haploplasma (H.), Paracholeplasma (P.) and Mariniplasma (M.). All the strains produced acid from glucose but did not hydrolyze arginine or urea. All were propagated in ambient air supplemented with 5±1â% CO2 at 35-37 °C using SP4-Z, Columbia and brain-heart infusion medium. Colonies on solid medium showed a typical fried-egg appearance and transmission electron microscopy revealed a typical mycoplasma-like cellular morphology. The results of phylogenetic analyses based on partial 16S rRNA, rpoB, gyrB and parE gene sequences and the whole proteome data indicated that the novel species is a unique species but phylogenetically closely related to Paracholeplasma vituli, Paracholeplasma morum and 'Paracholeplasma brassicae'. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain OakleyT and the closely related species were significantly lower than the accepted thresholds for describing novel prokaryotic species at the genomic level. On the basis of the genomic, phenotypic and phylogenetic properties, the novel strains represent a novel species of the genus Paracholeplasma, for which the name Paracholeplasma manati sp. nov. with the type strain OakleyT (=NCTC 14352T =DSM 110686T) is proposed. The genomic DNA G+C content and complete draft genome size for the type strain are 38.35â% and 1â873â856 bp, respectively.
Asunto(s)
Trichechus manatus , Animales , Composición de Base , Filogenia , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Ácidos Grasos/químicaRESUMEN
Seven novel independent strains of Mycoplasma species were isolated from northern elephant seals (ES2806-NAST, ES2806-GENT, ES3157-GEN-MYC and ES3225-GEN-MYC), a harbour porpoise (C264-GENT and C264-NAST), and a California sea lion (CSL7498). These strains were phenotypically and genetically characterized and compared to the known Mycoplasma species. Four strains (C264-GENT, C264-NAST, CSL7498 and ES2806-NAST) hydrolysed arginine but not urea and did not produce acid from carbohydrates. Strains ES2806-GENT, ES3157-GEN-MYC and ES3225-GEN-MYC did not produced acid from carbohydrates and did not hydrolyse arginine or urea; hence, it is assumed that organic acids are used as the energy source for them. All were isolated and propagated in ambient air supplemented with 5±1â% CO2 at +35-37 °C using either SP4 or PPLO medium. Colonies on solid medium showed a typical fried-egg appearance and transmission electron microscopy revealed a typical mycoplasma cellular morphology. The complete genomes were sequenced for all type strains. Average nucleotide and amino acid identity analyses showed that these novel strains were distant from the phylogenetically closely related Mycoplasma species. Based on these data, we propose four novel species of the genus Mycoplasma, for which the name Mycoplasma miroungirhinis sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain ES2806-NAST (=NCTC 14430T=DSM 110945T), Mycoplasma miroungigenitalium sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain ES2806-GENT (=NCTC 14429T=DSM 110944T) and representative strains ES3157-GEN-MYC and ES3225-GEN-MYC, Mycoplasma phocoenae sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain C264-GENT (=NCTC 14344T=DSM 110687T) and Mycoplasma phocoeninasale sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain C264-NAST (=NCTC 14343T=DSM 110688T) and representative strain CSL7498. The genome G+C contents are 24.06, 30.09, 28.49 and 29.05% and the complete genome sizes are 779â550, 815â486, 693â115, and 776â009 bp for strains ES2806-NAST, ES2806-GENT, C264-GENT and C264-NAST, respectively.