RESUMEN
Many essential oils (EOs) are screened as potential sources of antimicrobial compounds. EOs from the genus Satureja have recognized biological properties, including analgesic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to obtain a metabolite profile of commercial essential oil of S. montana L. (SEO) and to evaluate its antimicrobial properties, both alone and combined with gentamicin towards Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains. Untargeted analyses based on direct infusion Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) and on GC-MS have provided a high metabolome coverage, allowing to identify carvacrol, cymene and thymol as the major components of commercial SEO. SEO exerted an antimicrobial activity and induced a synergistic interaction with gentamicin against both reference and clinical bacterial strains. A significant reduction of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes biofilm formation was induced by SEO. As a result of SEO treatment, clear morphological bacterial alterations were visualized by scanning electron microscopy: L. monocytogenes and S. aureus showed malformed cell surface or broken cells with pores formation, whereas E. coli displayed collapsed cell surface. These results encourage further studies about bactericidal and antibiotic synergistic effect of SEO for combined therapy in clinical setting as well as in agricultural systems.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Gentamicinas/farmacología , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Aceites de Plantas/farmacología , Satureja/química , Biopelículas/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Cimenos , Combinación de Medicamentos , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Bacterias Gramnegativas/citología , Bacterias Gramnegativas/efectos de los fármacos , Bacterias Grampositivas/citología , Bacterias Grampositivas/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Monoterpenos/aislamiento & purificación , Monoterpenos/farmacología , Aceites Volátiles/química , Aceites de Plantas/química , Timol/aislamiento & purificación , Timol/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Coriander (Coriandruim sativum L., Apiaceae) is known for its antimicrobial activity and the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of its essential oil (CDO) against multidrug resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). CDO was able to inhibit the growth of UPEC strains and propidium iodide uptake, - and electron microscopy examination suggested that bacterial structural modifications occurred. The presence of CDO reduced the MIC of gentamicin. E.coli adhesion efficiency on cell monolayers and abiotic surfaces was not affected by subMIC oil concentrations; furthermore, CDO showed cytotoxic activity towards the HEp-2 tumor cell line. These findings contribute to the knowledge about essential oils as sources of potential antimicrobial agents against uropathogenic E. coli and encourage further investigations.