RESUMEN
The natural defence system of plants often involves inhibitors of digestive enzymes of their pests. Modem and environmental-friendly methods try to increase this plant resistance by expressing heterologous protease inhibitors in crops. Here we report the effects of expressing a gene from desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria) encoding two serine protease inhibitors in potato on Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) larvae. The gene encoding both peptides on a single chain was used for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of potato plants. The presence of the active inhibitor protein in the leaves was verified. The feeding bioassays in the laboratory showed that despite the low level of the peptide in leaves, CPB larvae on transgenic plants have grown slightly but significantly more slowly than those on control potato plants. The results support the notion that expression of multifunctional proteinase inhibitors of insect origin in plants might be a good strategy to improve insect resistance.
Asunto(s)
Escarabajos/crecimiento & desarrollo , Saltamontes/fisiología , Inhibidores de Serina Proteinasa/genética , Solanum tuberosum/genética , Solanum tuberosum/parasitología , Animales , Clonación Molecular , Larva , Control Biológico de Vectores/métodos , Plantas Modificadas Genéticamente/genética , Plantas Modificadas Genéticamente/parasitologíaRESUMEN
A cDNA clone encoding the human homolog of rat Jagged1 was isolated from normal human marrow. Analyses of human stromal cell lines indicate that this gene, designated hJagged1, is expressed by marrow stromal cells typified by the cell line HS-27a, which supports the long-term maintenance of hematopoietic progenitor cells. G-CSF-induced differentiation of 32D cells expressing Notch1 was inhibited by coculturing with HS-27a. A peptide corresponding to the Delta/Serrate/LAG-2 domain of hJagged1 and supernatants from COS cells expressing a soluble form of the extracellular portion of hJagged1 were able to mimic this effect. These observations suggest that hJagged1 may function as a ligand for Notch1 and play a role in mediating cell fate decisions during hematopoiesis.
Asunto(s)
Células de la Médula Ósea/citología , Células de la Médula Ósea/metabolismo , Proteínas de la Membrana/fisiología , Receptores de Superficie Celular , Factores de Transcripción , Adulto , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Células COS/metabolismo , Proteínas de Unión al Calcio , Diferenciación Celular/fisiología , Línea Celular , Clonación Molecular , ADN Complementario/genética , ADN Complementario/aislamiento & purificación , ADN Complementario/metabolismo , Expresión Génica , Células Madre Hematopoyéticas/citología , Células Madre Hematopoyéticas/metabolismo , Humanos , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intercelular , Proteína Jagged-1 , Proteínas de la Membrana/biosíntesis , Proteínas de la Membrana/genética , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Estructura Terciaria de Proteína , Ratas , Receptor Notch1 , Homología de Secuencia de Aminoácido , Proteínas Serrate-Jagged , Células del Estroma/citología , Células del Estroma/metabolismoRESUMEN
Nongenetic maternal anemia long has been recognized as a pregnancy risk factor. A thorough investigation of the patient's laboratory values, diet, medical history, and life-style is basic to successful management. Treatment modalities include conventional, herbal, and homeopathic medicines. Early initiation of a comprehensive anemia program can enhance the quality of life for the mother and improve fetal outcomes.